The Categories of Hue in Infancy

Abstract

Infant looking time was monitored during habituation to the repeated presentation of a wavelength stimulus selected from one basic adult hue category and after a change in stimulation. Recovery from habituation was greater to a wavelength selected from an adjacent hue category than to a wavelength from the same category even though these two stimuli were equally distant (in nanometers) from the habituation wavelength. Differential responding evidenced infants' categorical perception of hue; that is, infants see the physically continuous spectrum as divided into the hue categories of blue, green, yellow, and red. These results help to resolve the long-standing controversy surrounding the primacy of perception over language in the organization of hue.

Object identification and lexical/semantic access in children: A functional magnetic resonance imaging study of word‐picture matching

“…Human visual development has been thought previously to be completed at an early age (e.g. Bornstein et al, 1976;Dobson and Teller, 1978;Kellman and Spelke, 1983;Nelson and Horowitz, 1987). However, more recent research indicates maturation of neuronal circuitry used for visual processing may extend well into later childhood (Burkhalter, 1993;Burkhalter et al, 1993).…”

Discrimination of auditory target dimensions in the presence or absence of variation in a second dimension by infants

“…For example, Bornstein, Kessen, and Weiskopf (1976) demonstrated differential rates of habituation to visual stimuli varying in wavelength. They contrasted habituation under three conditions: (1) when a single stimulus was presented; (2) when two stimuli varied in wavelength but were both perceived as members of a single color category; and (3) when two stimuli varied in wavelength by the same amount as the second pair but were perceived by adults as members of two different color categories.…”

“…Since the head-turn technique described above is appropriate only for infants older than 5 Y2 months (see Kuhl, 1980, for further discussion), the highamplitude-sucking (HAS) technique (Eimas et aI., 1971) was modified to address the question. The modification of HAS used in this experiment, similar to one employed by Bornstein, Kessen, and Weiskopf (1976) with visual stimuli, involves the presentation of randomly alternating stimuli during the preshift and postshift phases of certain conditions in the experiment; in these experiments, the alternating stimuli share one of two acoustic dimensions, either their vowel identities or their pitch contours. The investigation was aimed at the infant's ability to discriminate a change in one of these dimensions when variation in the second dimension was present or absent.…”

Development of animal psychophysics technique for determining of hydrobios chemical sensitivity

“…Однако существуют опубликованные работы, где трехинтервальная версия методики применялась уже после внедрения итого-вой версии (Суханова, 1992, 1993). 4 Здесь необходимо остановиться на недостатках и ограничениях предложенной пер-воначально трехинтервальной версии методики. Казалось бы, проблема учета циклично-сти фоновой активности решена, но тут же возникла другая проблема: два подряд стимуль-ных интервала (контрольный и тестовый) вызывали у рыб привыкание к процедуре сти-муляции, которое маскировало ответ на тест, особенно при очень низких, близких к кон-тролю концентрациях теста.…”

“…Для предъявляемых при естественном фоне аминокислот существует диапазон кон-центраций, в котором распознавание аминокислот уже исчезает, но ощущение (детекция) 4 еще остается. По имеющимся зависимостям «S -R», где S -концентрация предъявляемой аминокислоты, а R -интенсивность регистрируемой реакции, были определены ОДП ощу-щения (детекции) аминокислот для молоди русского осетра при естественном фоне: макси-мальный -для глутаминовой кислоты -2,75%, минимальный -для гистидина -0,00006%.…”