The Case for Public Financing of Environmental Common Goods for Health

Lo, Selina; Gaudin, Sylvestre; Corvalán, Carlos; Earle, Alexandra J.; Hanssen, Odd; Prüss‐Üstün, Annette; Neira, María; Soucat, Agnès

doi:10.1080/23288604.2019.1669948

Cited by 12 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Hence, there is need for macroeconomic policy framework on climate financing in India, as this is highly fragmented at sectoral levels (Kaur & Chakraborty, 2020). Another study by Lo et al (2019) analyses the rationale for public investing in environmental common goods for public health. The study indicates that government spending on environmental goods does not crowd out other expenditures (particularly public spending on health).…”

Section: Environment and Human Development: Role Of Public Financementioning

confidence: 99%

Public Financing of Human Development in India: A Review

Mukherjee

Badola

2021

Indian Journal of Human Development

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Role of public financing of human development (HD) is inevitable, especially for developing countries like India where access to resources and economic opportunities are not equitably distributed among people. Governments aim to achieve equity in distribution of resources through allocative and redistributive policies whereas macroeconomic stabilisation policies aim to achieve higher economic growth and stability in the price level. Expenditure policies of the governments envisage in delivering larger public goods and services to enable people to take part in economic activities by investing in human capital and infrastructure developments. Progressivity of the tax system helps in achieving equity by redistribution of resources among people. Being merit goods, expenditures on education, health, and poverty eradication make it a case for public investment which empowers people to improve human capital. The benefit of universal economic participation is expected to contribute in larger mobilisation of public resources over time. Lack of economic opportunities and earning a respectable income may increase dependence on public transfers which may reduce fiscal space of the governments to finance programmes to promote overall economic growth. The objective of this article is to review existing studies on public financing of HD in India and highlight emerging challenges.

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Section: Environment and Human Development: Role Of Public Financementioning

confidence: 99%

Public Financing of Human Development in India: A Review

Mukherjee

Badola

2021

Indian Journal of Human Development

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“…The final article, "The Case for Public Financing of Environmental Common Goods for Health" by Lo, Gaudin, Corvalan, Earle, Hanssen, Prüss-Ustün, Neira, and Soucat, applies the methodologies and concepts of CGHs to threats to human health emanating from environmental drivers. 45 While environmentally-driven CGHs are consistent with those in the health sector in terms of impact on human health and the characteristics of market and public failures, instruments and accountability for responses may be outside the direct control of the health sector, and therefore require multi-sectoral and in many cases global action.…”

Section: Finding Our Way Back To Basicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

When Both Markets and Governments Fail Health

Yazbeck

Soucat

2019

Health Systems & Reform

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This paper presents the rationale and motivation for countries and the global development community to tackle a critical set of functions in the health sector that appear to be under-prioritized and underfunded. The recent eruptions of Ebola outbreaks in Africa and other communicable diseases like Zika and SARS elsewhere led scientific and medical commissions to call for global action. The calls for action motivated the World Health Organization (WHO) to respond by defining a new construct within the health sector: Common Good for Health (CGH). While the starting point for developing the CGH construct was the re-emergence of communicable diseases, it extends to additional outcomes resulting from failures to act and finance within and outside the health sector. This paper summarizes global evidence on failures to address CGHs effectively, identifies potential reasons for the public and private sectors' failures to respond, and lays out the first phase of the WHO program as represented by the papers in this special issue of Health Systems & Reform. OBJECTIVE AND MOTIVATION FOR THIS SPECIAL ISSUEThe last 20 years have seen amazing improvements in health indicators globally. Global attention directed to health has been impressive and resources have been expanding at unprecedented rates. External spending on health grew fivefold since 2000, reaching about $20 billion USD in 2015 1 and health sector resources go beyond external funds. We have known for years that OECD countries, especially the wealthiest, have spending rates that grow faster than economic growth. 2 A recent publication from the World Health Organization (WHO) using global data on health expenditures shows that this expansion is not unique to high-income countries. Between 2000 and 2016, global spending on health has increased at 4% per annum, while the global economy grew at 2.8%. Health spending growth has in fact been even more rapid in low-and middle-income countries -at 6% per year, it amounted to $1.6 trillion USD in 2016. 1

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“…In some cases, funding is not the primary constraint -rather, political action and prioritization are critical to ensuring these CGH are fully financed and effectively provided. 17…”

Section: Developing the Case For Cghmentioning

confidence: 99%

Financing Common Goods for Health: Fundamental for Health, the Foundation for UHC

Soucat

2019

Health Systems & Reform

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World Health Organization (WHO), presents a comprehensive argument that "common goods for health" are a priority for action on the road to Universal Health Coverage (UHC). Its publication is juxtaposed with the September 2019 United Nations General Assembly High Level Meeting on UHC, an event that represents the global community's commitment to UHC. This special issue proposes a key approach to moving the UHC agenda forward: financing the common goods that form the foundation of health globally. The world faces formidable, often paradoxical, challengespopulation growth and aging, increasing wealth and widening inequities, undernutrition among some and obesity among others, and environmental and pandemic threats that seem to emerge in the wake of fast-paced development. 1 In this, the Anthropocene era, the global human community is reaching the limits of our planet's capacities, creating a need for all people to become aware, actively engage, and come together to collectively demand action and change from our leaders. 2 Hundreds of millions, maybe even billions, of our lives are at stake. In recent decades, overall health outcomes have been improving and spending on health has increased substantially. However, blind spots persist, and these pose substantial risks to human health and economic well-being; indeed, they have the potential to undo recent progress. 3 These blind spots include: systems unable to effectively respond to pandemics such as influenza and outbreaks of communicable diseases like Ebola and Zika; health system structures unfit to cope with the rapidly increasing prevalence of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) like type 2 diabetes; threats posed by the emergence of drugresistant tuberculosis and other evolving diseases; and the complex health impacts of large population movements, environmental degradation and climate change. Two features are common to all these challenges-they have an enormous impact on human health and welfare, and combating them effectively requires governments to

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The Case for Public Financing of Environmental Common Goods for Health

Cited by 12 publications

References 24 publications

Public Financing of Human Development in India: A Review

Public Financing of Human Development in India: A Review

When Both Markets and Governments Fail Health

Financing Common Goods for Health: Fundamental for Health, the Foundation for UHC

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