1995
DOI: 10.1016/s0090-4295(99)80003-x
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The case for primary endoscopic management of upper urinary tract calculi: II. Cost and outcome assessment of 112 primary ureteral calculi

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Cited by 106 publications
(59 citation statements)
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“…8 Stones that are too large to be removed intact must be fragmented first. Many clinical studies confirm the efficacy of the holmium:YAG laser in fragmenting calculi of any composition.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…8 Stones that are too large to be removed intact must be fragmented first. Many clinical studies confirm the efficacy of the holmium:YAG laser in fragmenting calculi of any composition.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Even if a stone has been well focused on and crushed properly, it may still not pass spontaneously, but stick to the mucosa. Due to the higher cost of ESWL (we have a Dornier MPL-9000 lithotriptor), especially if the treatment is repeated and/or prolonged, centers experienced in lithotropsy should be preferably consulted for a prompt URS treatment [20, 21]. …”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…3 These conditions make it even more challenging to treat urinary lithiasis, with lower success rates in endourologic procedures and increased intraoperative risks due to anatomical differences in renal structure, rotation, and vasculature. 4,5 Extracorporeal lithotripsy (ESWL) and percutaneous nephrolithotripsy (PCNL) are currently the most common treatment methods for kidneys with fusion or position abnormalities. [6][7][8] The choice of flexible ureterorenoscopy with holmium laser -Yag (Ho-Yag) as the first line of treatment for stones < 20 mm has been increasing due to important technological advances, but only a few studies have reported their results on anomalous kidneys.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%