The Carpel of Moringa

Periasamy, K.; Indira, C.

doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aob.a087271

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…There is an interesting convergence between Moringaceae–Caricaceae and Capparaceae–Brassicaceae in that the dorsal bundles alternate with large placental or ‘replum’‐bundles ( sensu Arber, 1931). In Caricaceae especially, and to a lesser extent in Moringaceae, the ventrals and ‘replum’ or marginal bundles are equally developed (Periasamy & Indira, 1986; Ronse De Craene et al. , 1998; Ronse De Craene & Smets, 1999).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The systematic relationships of glucosinolate-producing plants and related families: a cladistic investigation based on morphological and molecular characters

Craene

Haston

2006

Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society

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A cladistic analysis is performed using 94 morphological and biochemical characters for 42 genera to compare a phylogeny based on morphological data with those obtained using different genes ( rbc L, atp B, 18S RNA, mat K) or their combination with morphological data, and to understand the floral evolution within the expanded Brassicales (Capparales) relative to Sapindales and Malvales. The tree produced with morphological data is congruent with those obtained from macromolecular studies in obtaining a well-supported glucosinolate-producing clade and an expanded Sapindales. The combined analysis of the morphological and molecular characters is generally well resolved with support for many of the relationships. The inclusion of the fossil taxon Dressiantha demonstrates the value of inserting fossil evidence in phylogenetic analyses. However, the fossil appears to be related to the Anacardiaceae and not to the Brassicales. The core Brassicales are well supported by a number of synapomorphies, although the internal position of Tovariaceae and Pentadiplandraceae is not well resolved. Emblingiaceae appears to be related to Bataceae and Salvadoraceae. Several significant morphological characters are mapped on the combined trees and their evolutionary significance is discussed. Within Brassicales and Sapindales several well supported clades can be recognized which merit ordinal or subordinal status, putting the present orders at a higher level; these include: Tropaeolales, Setchellanthales, Batidales, Brassicales (Brassiciflorae), Burserales, Sapindales and Rutales (Sapindiflorae). The present scheme of affinities within the Brassicales corresponds well with a gradual morphological evolution in the order.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The systematic relationships of glucosinolate-producing plants and related families: a cladistic investigation based on morphological and molecular characters

Craene

Haston

2006

Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society

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“…Gynophores (or stipes) and androgynophores are concentrated in malvids. In Brassicales they are recorded in at least 8 families (Brassicaceae, Endress 1992;Capparaceae, Endress 1992;Cleomaceae, Endress 1992; Moringaceae, Periasamy and Indira 1986;Pentadiplandraceae, Ronse De Craene 2002;Resedaceae, Sobick 1983;Salvadoraceae, Khsetrapal 1970;Setchellanthaceae, Tobe et al 1999), in Malvales in at least 3 families (Malvaceae, Correll and Correll 1982;Sphaerosepalaceae, Horn 2004;Thymelaeaceae, Venkateswarlu 1947), and in Sapindales in at least 4 families (Burseraceae, Engler 1931a;Meliaceae, Harms 1940;Rutaceae, Engler 1931b;Simaroubaceae, Endress et al 1983).…”

Section: Malvids (= Eurosids Ii)mentioning

confidence: 99%

First steps towards a floral structural characterization of the major rosid subclades

2006

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A survey of our own comparative studies on several larger clades of rosids and over 1400 original publications on rosid flowers shows that floral structural features support to various degrees the supraordinal relationships in rosids proposed by molecular phylogenetic studies. However, as many apparent relationships are not yet well resolved, the structural support also remains tentative. Some of the features that turned out to be of interest in the present study had not previously been considered in earlier supraordinal studies. The strongest floral structural support is for malvids (Brassicales, Malvales, Sapindales), which reflects the strong support of phylogenetic analyses. Somewhat less structurally supported are the COM (Celastrales, Oxalidales, Malpighiales) and the nitrogen-fixing (Cucurbitales, Fagales, Fabales, Rosales) clades of fabids, which are both also only weakly supported in phylogenetic analyses. The sister pairs, Cucurbitales plus Fagales, and Malvales plus Sapindales, are structurally only weakly supported, and for the entire fabids there is no clear support by the present floral structural data. However, an additional grouping, the COM clade plus malvids, shares some interesting features but does not appear as a clade in phylogenetic analyses. Thus it appears that the deepest split within eurosidsthat between fabids and malvids-in molecular phylogenetic analyses (however weakly supported) is not matched by the present structural data. Features of ovules including thickness of integuments, thickness of nucellus, and degree of ovular curvature, appear to be especially interesting for higher level relationships and should be further explored. Although features of interest are not necessarily stable at the level of a large clade, they do show a considerable concentration in particular clades and are rare or lacking in others. This may be viewed as a special trend for this feature to evolve in this group or to be conserved as a synapomorphy (or a combination of both)

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“…One interpretation is that each valve constitutes one carpel with medial placentation ( fig. 12A; Periasamy and Indira 1986). Other authors instead interpret each valve as consisting of part of two carpels, with each carpel having a suture in the middle and two marginal rows of ovules ( fig.…”

Section: Potential Synapomorphiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intergeneric Relationships within the Caricaceae‐Moringaceae Clade (Brassicales) and Potential Morphological Synapomorphies of the Clade and Its Families

Olson

2002

International Journal of Plant Sciences

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Recently published molecular phylogenetic studies indicate a sister taxon relationship between Caricaceae and Moringaceae; such a relationship was not identified in nearly 250 yr of morphological studies because the families share few obvious similarities. This study tests the monophyly of both families and attempts to identify morphological synapomorphies of the two-family clade and of each family. Parsimony analysis of DNA sequence variation in the chloroplast gene rbcL supports the monophyly of both families. Sampling includes six original rbcL sequences and 20 from the GenBank database, with single representatives of each of the four genera of Caricaceae and four members of the monogeneric Moringaceae. To reconstruct intergeneric relationships, one nuclear (ITS) and one chloroplast (trnG) locus were sequenced from one to two members of each of the four genera of Caricaceae, with two species of Moringa used as an outgroup. In the tree resulting from the combined analysis of the ITS and trnG data sets, Cylicomorpha is the sister taxon to the rest of Caricaceae, which comprises Jarilla as the sister taxon to a Carica-Jacaratia clade. To identify synapomorphies, morphological characters with state distributions congruent with the clades of interest are assessed for their similarity in structure, location, and function. Synapomorphies of the Caricaceae-Moringaceae clade include subulate glands at the base and apex of the petiole and on the lamina and the pachycaul "bottle tree" life form. Synapomorphies of Caricaceae include articulated laticifers and the absence of libriform fibers. Synapomorphies of Moringaceae include pinnately compound leaves and monothecal, bisporangiate anthers.

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The Carpel of Moringa

Cited by 6 publications

References 2 publications

The systematic relationships of glucosinolate-producing plants and related families: a cladistic investigation based on morphological and molecular characters

The systematic relationships of glucosinolate-producing plants and related families: a cladistic investigation based on morphological and molecular characters

First steps towards a floral structural characterization of the major rosid subclades

Intergeneric Relationships within the Caricaceae‐Moringaceae Clade (Brassicales) and Potential Morphological Synapomorphies of the Clade and Its Families

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