The cardiovascular protective effect of red wine

Córdova, Alfredo; Jackson, La Scienya M.; Berke-Schlessel, David W.; Sumpio, Bauer E.

doi:10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2004.10.030

Cited by 99 publications

(73 citation statements)

References 80 publications

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“…Epidemiological studies have demonstrated that dietary polyphenol intake, especially red wine consumption, may improve endothelial function and reduce the risk for cardiovascular diseases. [51][52][53] The inverse correlation between red wine consumption and incidence of coronary heart disease and atherosclerosis is now recognized as the French paradox. 54,55) Resveratrol, a key compound implicated in the cardiovascular benefits associated with red wine consumption, exerts cardiovascular protection by diverse mechanisms in vivo.…”

Section: Link To Enosmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advances in the Study on Resveratrol

Nakata

Takahashi

Inoue

2012

Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin

150

112

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Appropriate long-term drinking of red wine is associated with a reduced risk for lifestyle-related diseases such as cardiovascular disease and cancer, making resveratrol, a constituent of grapes and various other plants, an attractive compound to be studied. Historically, resveratrol has been identified as a phytoalexin, antioxidant, cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibitor, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) activator, endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) inducer, silent mating type information regulation 2 homolog 1 (SIRT1) activator, and more. Despite scepticism concerning the biological availability of resveratrol, a growing body of in vivo evidence indicates that resveratrol has protective effects in several stress and disease models. Here, we provide a review of the studies on resveratrol, especially with respect to COX, PPAR, and eNOS activities, and discuss its potential for promoting human health.

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Section: Link To Enosmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advances in the Study on Resveratrol

Nakata

Takahashi

Inoue

2012

Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin

150

112

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“…This beneficial property of alcohol is described for small to moderate quantities of alcoholic drinks, as the ingestion of large quantities leads to an increase in morbidity and mortality due to cardiovascular diseases [17].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

<![CDATA[<B>Evaluation of platelet aggregation and level of fibrinogen in patients with cardiovascular diseases and the correlation of taking aspirin with coronary risk factors</B>]]>

Gabriel¹,

Trist�o²,

Izar³

et al. 2006

Braz. j. cardiovasc. surg.

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Avaliação da agregação plaquetária e dosagem do fibrinogênio em pacientes com doenças cardiovasculares e sua correlação com o uso de aspirina e fatores de risco coronariano Evaluation of platelet aggregation and level of fibrinogen in patients with cardiovascular diseases and the correlation of taking aspirin with coronary risk factors Abstract Objective: To evaluate aspirin resistance in patients with cardiovascular diseases and to compare the amount of serum fibrinogen in patients taking aspirin with those who do not. To correlate the platelet aggregation and serum fibrinogen to cardiovascular risk parameters.Method: Eighty-two patients were divided into two groups: Group 1 -41 patients who took 100mg aspirin daily and Group 2 -41 patients who did not utilize platelet antiaggregates. Epidemiological data were collected including age, gender and information on smoking and alcohol intake and serum fibrinogen and platelet aggregation were measured.Results: In the groups analyzed, advanced age (p=0.011), smoking (p=0.009) and alcoholism (p=0.007) were directly associated to the serum fibrinogen level. There were no correlations between smoking, alcoholism, serum fibrinogen and platelet aggregation values (p>0.05). In Group 1, 29% of the patients presented with aspirin resistance. Of these, smokers (p=0.029) and alcoholics (p=0.033) had higher serum fibrinogen levels. Conclusion: Aspirin resistance was present in a high number of patients. Moreover, advanced age, smoking and alcoholism had a direct influence on the serum fibrinogen levels.

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“…There are already outstanding reviews about the protective actions of bioactive compounds in wine. 52,53 In this review, emphasis will be given in their interaction with PAF and PAF-like lipids production and actions.…”

Section: Bioactive Compounds In Winementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Phenolic compounds could protect LDL from oxidation, and therefore reduce the amount of PAF and oxidized phospholipids, through the following mechanisms: a) they could act as a free radical scavenger and react as reducing agents of hydrogen atom-donating molecules; b) they could chelate transition metal ions, which diminishes the capacity of the metal to generate free radicals; c) they could protect from oxidation by endogenous antioxidants such as vitamin E and carotenoids in the LDL particle, resulting in increased levels and subsequent enhanced antioxidant effects; or d) by altering the activity of several enzymes like serum paraoxonase that hydrolyse lipid peroxides of arterial cells and/or LDL associated or through inhibition of cellular oxygenases such as NADPH oxidase, 15-lipoxygenase, cytochrome p450, and myeloperoxidase. 52,53 The difference in total phenolic content between white and red wines as mentioned above was the cause for the hypothesis that red and not white wines had signifi cant antioxidant properties. However, during recent years it became clear that variations in the concentration of these constituents among red wines may be responsible for the range of antioxidant potential exhibited by different red wines 54 and that there are also some white wines which could have antioxidant abilities similar to those of red wines.…”

Section: Ldl Oxidationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…More specifi c monomeric catechins and simple phenols (benzoic acid, gallic acid, and hydroxycinnamic acids) have no effect while anthocyanins oligomeric proanthocyanidins exert effect. 53,65 However, white wine rich in tyrosol and hydroxytyrosol as well as resveratrol can upregulate eNOS expression and consequently increase eNOS-derived NO production. 66,67 Therefore vasodilatatory effect does not apply to all wines and is a function of the variability of wine constituents according to grape varieties, area of cultivation, and vinifi cation methods.…”

Section: Ldl Oxidationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Lipid minor constituents in wines. A biochemical approach in the French paradox

Fragopoulou¹,

Demopoulos²,

Antonopoulou

2009

IJWR

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Abstract:The "French paradox" is the observation that the French suffer a relatively low incidence of coronary heart disease, despite having a diet relatively rich in saturated fats. Several theories have been proposed in order to explain this phenomenon and several debates arose. One of them attributed this phenomenon to the regular and moderate consumption of wine in France. More specifi c, it is thought that the existence of bioactive compounds in wine could have an effect on the cardiovascular system, preventing or delaying atherosclerosis. The mechanisms mediating these benefi cial effects include: low-density lipoprotein oxidation; endothelium function; smooth muscle cells proliferation; platelet aggregation and angiogenesis. Several mediators participate in these pathophysiological mechanisms, among them are plateletactivating factor (PAF) and oxidized phospholipids that play a crucial and essential role in the initiation and the progression of atherogenesis. In this review, apart from the already known and well characterized biological effects of wine bioactive compounds, the co-existence of compounds that could modulate the production and the actions of PAF is highlighted. The existence of bioactive compounds in wine that could reduce PAF production and inhibit its actions may offer a new insight into the well known French paradox and expand the already reported mechanisms by including the inhibition of PAF actions.

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The cardiovascular protective effect of red wine

Cited by 99 publications

References 80 publications

Recent Advances in the Study on Resveratrol

Recent Advances in the Study on Resveratrol

<![CDATA[<B>Evaluation of platelet aggregation and level of fibrinogen in patients with cardiovascular diseases and the correlation of taking aspirin with coronary risk factors</B>]]>

Lipid minor constituents in wines. A biochemical approach in the French paradox

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