The cardiac analgesic assessment scale (CAAS): a pain assessment tool for intubated and ventilated children after cardiac surgery

Suominen, Pertti; Caffin, Chelsea; Linton, Sophie; McKinley, Dianne; Ragg, Philip; Davie, Gabrielle; Eyres, R. L.

doi:10.1046/j.1460-9592.2003.01241.x

Cited by 28 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 25 publications

(25 reference statements)

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“…It was notable that just two of the instruments studied − the Cardiac Analgesic Assessment Scale (CAAS) 7 and the Toddler-Preschooler Postoperative Pain Scale (TPPPS) 8,9 -use interval scales, i.e. scales that offer a more precise measurement, since there is a unit of measurement which has a constant interval all along the scale.…”

Section: Measurement Scales Of the Instruments Analyzedmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…6,2008 Assessment of behavior in painful situations -Correia LL & Linhares MB specifically for the context of postoperative care of child cardiac patients, which assesses pain based on physiological indicators (size of pupil, heart rate and blood pressure) and on behavior (body activity). 7 The TPPPS, in turn, is a scale that can be used to assess pain during and after medical or surgical procedures, on the basis of behavioral indicators. 8,9 In the remainder of the studies, the majority of the instruments whose psychometric qualities were being assessed used ordinal scales, i.e., they categorize attributes and establish a sequential order based on the characteristics of the attribute measured.…”

Section: Measurement Scales Of the Instruments Analyzedmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…With relation to the use of instruments validated for specific pain contexts, of note are the CAAS for pain assessment in cardiac postoperative care 7 and the AHTPS for triage at emergency services. 17 Both of these scales, to the extent that they were validated in these specific contexts, are more appropriate when used exclusively in those situations.…”

Section: Contexts Of Pain Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…19 Specifically with relation to the studies related to surgical procedures, eight defined their objectives as assessing pain during the postoperative period; not including a baseline pain assessment. 7,9,11,[13][14][15]20,21 These studies performed either two or three postoperative pain assessments, and there was a great deal of variation in terms of the time when assessments were carried out. The multiple-assessment approach is highly to be recommended in postoperative pain assessment, since it offers better monitoring of the clinical progress of the patient's pain during this period, in contrast with acute pain, which is focused.…”

Section: Phases Of Pain Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The intensity of pain was assessed using indicators of behavioral or physiological changes, or a combination of these. The CAAS, 7 Just one study combined assessment of the pain dimension intensity with the dimension affective quality, by using two different instruments, respectively the FPS and the FAS. 11 The FAS only assessed the affective magnitude of pain using nine faces that range in expression from happiness to sadness.…”

Section: Assessment Of Pain Indicators and Dimensionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Avaliação do comportamento de crianças em situações de dor: revisão da literatura

Correia¹,

Linhares²

2008

J. Pediatr. (Rio J.)

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Objective: To analyze the scientific production published between 2001 and 2006 describing studies assessing children in painful situations, with a focus on preschool children.Sources: Searches were run for empirical articles indexed in electronic databases using the keywords pain assessment and behavior and their equivalents in Portuguese. Summary of the findings:A total of 33 articles were identified, 18 of which were studies of the psychometric properties of instruments for the measurement of pain, while 11 dealt with the application of such instruments and four were studies of intervention procedures for the relief of pain. Conclusions:The results indicate that more recent literature on the assessment of preschool children's behavior in painful situations is focused on testing the psychometric properties of measurement instruments. Acute pain, especially during surgical procedures, was most often assessed using one-dimensional instruments. Pain in children was most often assessed using facial activity as indicator and intensity as dimension. With relation to assessment of pain in special populations, advances were observed related to assessment of pain in preverbal children or preschool children with special needs.J Pediatr (Rio J). 2008;84(6):477-486: Pain measurement, behavior, preschool.

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Section: Measurement Scales Of the Instruments Analyzedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Measurement Scales Of the Instruments Analyzedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Contexts Of Pain Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Phases Of Pain Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Assessment Of Pain Indicators and Dimensionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Avaliação do comportamento de crianças em situações de dor: revisão da literatura

Correia¹,

Linhares²

2008

J. Pediatr. (Rio J.)

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Pain and Sedation Scales for Neonatal and Pediatric Patients in a Preverbal Stage of Development

et al. 2019

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IMPORTANCEBecause children in a preverbal stage of development are unable to voice their feelings, they completely depend on their caregiving team for the interpretation and management of their pain and discomfort. Thus, accurately validated scales to assess pain and sedation levels are crucial.OBJECTIVE To provide clinicians a complete overview on the validity and reliability of the existing pain and sedation scales for different target populations (preterm infants, term infants, and toddlers) and in different clinical contexts.EVIDENCE REVIEW BIOSIS Previews, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Embase, MEDLINE, PsycCRITIQUES, PsycINFO, PSYNDEXplus Literature and Audiovisual Media, and PSYNDEXplus Tests were the databases screened from their inception to August 2018. All studies examining the validity or reliability of a given pain or sedation scale for patients in a preverbal stage of development were included in this systematic review. Those scales that were tested for at least construct validity, internal consistency, and interrater reliability were subsequently scored using the consensus-based standards for the selection of health measurement instruments (COSMIN) checklist.FINDINGS In total, 89 validation articles comprising 65 scales were included. Fifty-seven scales (88%) were useful for assessing pain, 13 scales (20%) for assessing sedation, and 4 scales (6%) for assessing both conditions. Forty-two (65%) were behavioral scales, and 23 (35%) were multidimensional scales. Eleven scales (17%) were validated for infants on mechanical ventilation. Thirty-seven scales (57%) were validated for preterm infants, 24 scales (37%) for term and preterm infants, 7 scales (11%) for term-born children, 7 scales (11%) for preterm infants, term infants, and toddlers, and 17 scales (26%) for term infants and toddlers. Twenty-eight scales (43%) considered construct validity, internal consistency, and interrater reliability.CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Clinicians should consider using scales that are validated for at least construct validity, internal consistency, and interrater reliability, combining this information with the population of interest and the construct the scale is intended to measure.

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Nonpharmacological interventions for needle-related procedural pain and post-operative pain in neonates and infants.

Riddell

Uman

Gerwitz

et al. 2006

Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews

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The cardiac analgesic assessment scale (CAAS): a pain assessment tool for intubated and ventilated children after cardiac surgery

Abstract: This study provides evidence that postoperative pain in sedated and intubated children after cardiac surgery can be assessed reliably using a formal pain tool.

Cited by 28 publications

References 25 publications

Avaliação do comportamento de crianças em situações de dor: revisão da literatura

Avaliação do comportamento de crianças em situações de dor: revisão da literatura

Pain and Sedation Scales for Neonatal and Pediatric Patients in a Preverbal Stage of Development

Nonpharmacological interventions for needle-related procedural pain and post-operative pain in neonates and infants.

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