The carcinogenic action of 2‐acetyl‐amino‐fluorene on various strains of mice

Armstrong, Elizabeth C.; Bonser, Georgiana M.

doi:10.1002/path.1700590104

Cited by 34 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Hypophysectomy or treatment with bromocriptine, a specific inhibitor of prolactin secretion, abolished the neoplastic response, but oophorectomy had no effect on tumour induction. Similar changes have been found in mammary tissue of rodents administered natural oestrogens (Geschicter, 1945 (Armstrong & Bonser, 1947;Bonser & Orr, 1939;Young & Hallowes, 1973). N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (MNU) (5 mg/ 100 g) administered to rats, produced 100% incidence of mammary carcinomas, the first tumours arising by 7 weeks.…”

Section: Induction Of Mammary Cancer By Hormonessupporting

confidence: 68%

Induction of mammary-gland tumours in rats and mice by hormones and chemical carcinogens

Hooson¹

1980

Br J Cancer

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Section: Induction Of Mammary Cancer By Hormonessupporting

confidence: 68%

Induction of mammary-gland tumours in rats and mice by hormones and chemical carcinogens

Hooson¹

1980

Br J Cancer

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“…4-Ethylsulphonylnaphthalene-1 -sulphonamide (HPA) and 2-acetamidofluorene are the only unequivocal bladder carcinogens in the mouse (Armstrong and Bonser, 1947;Bonser and Clayson, 1964). Both compounds have high hyperplastic indices whether given by stomach tube or fed in the diet (Table Vr).…”

Section: Intestinal Tumoursmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlation Between the Chemical Induction of Hyperplasia and of Malignancy in the Bladder Epithelium

Clayson¹,

Lawson²,

Santana³

et al. 1965

Br J Cancer

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4-ETHYLSULPHONYLNAPHTHALENE-1 -SULPHONAMIDE (HPA) induces hyperplasia of the bladder epithelium in the rat and mouse (Paget, 1958;Sen Gupta, 1962). The hyperplasia arises within forty-eight hours of the first administration of the chemical (Bonser and Clayson, 1964) and with repeated dosing is still present after forty weeks (Sen Gupta, 1962). Carcinomas of the bladder were found in Ab x IF mice receiving the chemical for up to sixty-five weeks and were more prevalent in female than in male mice (Bonser and Clayson, 1964).The discovery of the carcinogenic action of HPA on mouse bladder epithelium was unusual in so far as the tests were undertaken following observation of the induction of hyperplasia. Other bladder carcinogens were found, more or less by chance, as a result of their action over long periods in man or experimental animals and their early effects have largely been ignored. The present report is an attempt to remedy this omission.Relatively few chemicals are known to induce bladder cancer in the experimental animal (Boyland, 1963). In some cases the absence of tumours may have been due to a failure to examine this organ with sufficient care. Therefore some hitherto unpublished long term tests in which the bladder has been adequately examined, are included in this paper in order to strengthen the comparison between the early effects of a chemical and the formation of tumours. MATERIALS AND METHODS Mice

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“…It is interesting to compare the ortho-hydroxylation of 2-naphthylamine in various mice strains, CBA>RIII> Strong A, with the incidence of hepatomas and bladder papillomas in mice fed upon 2-acetamidofluorene, CBA >RIII >Strong A (Armstrong and Bonser, 1947). The results of the present work show that within a particular species the formation of 2-amino-1-naphthol derivatives from 2-naphthylamine is under genetic influence.…”

Section: O1()>p>0*05mentioning

confidence: 87%

The Effect of Age, Sex, Strain, Species and Dose Level Differences Upon the Metabolism of 2-Naphthylamine in Rodents

Dewhurst¹

1963

Br J Cancer

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THE production of bladder tumours by aromatic amines has been correlated with the excretion of ortho-hydroxylated metabolites (Clayson, 1962). In the case of 2-naphthylamine, Bonser, Clayson and Jull (1951) showed that the susceptibility of a species to bladder tumour induction on feeding this agent appeared to depend on the proportion of a dose metabolised to give 2-amino-1-naphthol and its conjugates. It was further shown that 2-amino-i-naphthol was highly carcinogenic upon implantation into the bladders of mice whilst the amine itself was only feebly carcinogenic under these circumstances (Bonser, Bradshaw, Clayson and Jull, 1956; Clayson, Jull and Bonser, 1958;Allen, Boyland, Dukes, Horning and Watson, 1957).The work of Allen and co-workers (1957) appeared to show that certain ortho-hydroxylated amines formed during the mammalian metabolism of tryptophan (3-hydroxykynurenine and 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid) were bladder carcinogens in mice. Clayson (1962) has criticised this work on the grounds that the results lack statistical significance due to the small numbers of animals used. The demonstration of a high level of urinary excretion of these tryptophan metabolites in patients suffering from bladder tumours (Boyland and Williams, 1956) and the observation that in Egypt (Abul-Fadl and Khalafallah, 1961) bilharzial infections are associated with both a raised level of hydroxy-anthranilic acid excretion and with an abnormally high incidence of bladder tumours seem to support the idea that these tryptophan metabolites may be an important cause of " spontaneous " bladder tumours in man.Bonser, Clayson and Jull (1951) studied the metabolism of 2-naphthylamine in a number of species of rodents but the dose levels used and the mode of administration varied from species to species and no mention was made of the age, sex or strain of animals employed. In the case of 2-naphthylamine 2-amino-inaphthol and its conjugates are not the only carcinogenic metabolites, 2-naphthylhydroxylamine and its conjugates form a second group (Boyland, Dukes and Grover, 1961) which may be intermediates in the biosynthesis of 2-amino-1-naphthol and its derivatives (Boyland, Manson and Nery, 1960). On heating with acid (i.e. under the conditions employed by Clayson (1950) for estimating 2-amino-1-naphthol and its conjugates) these hydroxylamine derivatives are converted into 2-amino-i-naphthol (Boyland, Manson and Nery, 1960) although not quantitatively. These naphthylhydroxylamines have so far only been demonstrated by paper chromatography and have not been isolated. In view of this it would appear that they are quantitatively minor metabolites and that the method

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The carcinogenic action of 2‐acetyl‐amino‐fluorene on various strains of mice

Cited by 34 publications

References 3 publications

Induction of mammary-gland tumours in rats and mice by hormones and chemical carcinogens

Induction of mammary-gland tumours in rats and mice by hormones and chemical carcinogens

Correlation Between the Chemical Induction of Hyperplasia and of Malignancy in the Bladder Epithelium

The Effect of Age, Sex, Strain, Species and Dose Level Differences Upon the Metabolism of 2-Naphthylamine in Rodents

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