The carbon flux of global rivers: A re-evaluation of amount and spatial patterns

Li, Mingxu; Peng, Changhui; Wang, Meng; Xue, Wei; Zhang, Kerou; Wang, Kefeng; Shi, Guohua; Zhu, Qiuan

doi:10.1016/j.ecolind.2017.04.049

Cited by 127 publications

(120 citation statements)

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“…For example, we found that the 10 largest rivers export 28% of the global riverine DOC flux. These spatial patterns of riverine DOC exports agree with previous studies that used empirical models or meta‐analysis (Dai et al, ; Li et al, ; Ludwig et al, ). Certainly, there are also some rivers with small areas and discharges, such as the Nelson and Pechore that deliver more DOC than some large rivers, which might also be closely associated with the high soil carbon content of these basins (Hugelius et al, ; Li et al, ).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…For the small rivers, potential gaps in the production and consumption mechanisms are more diversified compared with large rivers, and these gaps also increase the difficulty of the model simulation. Although the contribution of small rivers in global DOC export could be relatively small, due to their less discharge compared to large rivers (Li et al, ), DOC simulation of small rivers would help to analyze the diversified mechanisms of DOC variation and should be essential for a complete global riverine DOC budget. Second, our model have some overestimations in large rivers (Figure ), which might be resulted from single DOC source (SOC) we considered here.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous studies have demonstrated that, for most rivers, riverine DOC is mainly derived from the surrounding terrestrial ecosystem (Hansell et al, ; Li et al, ; Ludwig et al, ). Within the terrestrial ecosystem, soil organic carbon (SOC) can be degraded into DOC and even mineralized into dissolved inorganic carbon due to microbial activities, or absorbed by metal elements (i.e., iron and aluminum, Buurman & Jongmans, ; Wu et al, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Modeling Global Riverine DOC Flux Dynamics From 1951 to 2015

Peng

Zhou

et al. 2019

J Adv Model Earth Syst

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Climate change has a profound impact on the global carbon cycle, including effects on riverine carbon pools, which connect terrestrial, oceanic, and atmospheric carbon pools. Until now, terrestrial ecosystem models have rarely incorporated riverine carbon components into global carbon budgets. Here we developed a new process-based model, TRIPLEX-HYDRA (TRIPLEX-hydrological routing algorithm), that considers the production, consumption, and transport processes of nonanthropogenic dissolved organic carbon (DOC) from soil to river ecosystems. After the parameter calibration, model results explained more than 50% of temporal variations in all but three rivers. Validation results suggested that DOC yield simulated by TRIPLEX-HYDRA has a good fit (R 2 = 0.61, n = 71, p < 0.001) with global river observations. And then, we applied this model for global rivers. We found that mean DOC yield of global river approximately 1.08 g C/m 2 year, where most high DOC yield appeared in the rivers from high northern or tropic regions. Furthermore, our results suggested that global riverine DOC flux appeared a significant decrease trend (average rate: 0.38 Pg C/year) from 1951 to 2015, although the variation patterns of DOC fluxes in global rivers are diverse. A decreasing trend in riverine DOC flux appeared in the middle and high northern latitude regions (30-90°N), which could be attributable to an increased flow path and DOC degradation during the transport process. Furthermore, increasing trend of DOC fluxes is found in rivers from tropical regions (30°S-30°N), which might be related to an increase in terrestrial organic carbon input. Many other rivers (e.g., Mississippi, Yangtze, and Lena rivers) experienced no significant changes under a changing environment.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Modeling Global Riverine DOC Flux Dynamics From 1951 to 2015

Peng

Zhou

et al. 2019

J Adv Model Earth Syst

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“…Finally, for particulate P, neither its concentration nor the particulate fraction were affected by permafrost distribution, probably due to the various processes of biological uptake and the mineral precipitation controlling the removal of P, both in the soil profile and in the river water. For example, lakes and bogs retained particulate P, similar to that of dissolved P, which is in agreement with global assessments (Bouwman et al, 2013), P behavior in European northern wetlands and lakes (Lidman et al, 2014), and recent results on dissolved P in the WSL rivers .…”

Section: A Maximum Of C and N In The Isolated And Sporadic Permafrostsupporting

confidence: 90%

Response to Reviewer No 1

Pokrovsky¹

2018

Preprint

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This is the published version of a paper published in Biogeosciences.Citation for the original published paper (version of record):Krickov, I V., Lim, A G., Manasypov, R M., Loiko, S V., Riverine particulate C and N generated at the permafrost thaw front: case study of western Siberian rivers across a 1700km latitudinal transect Biogeosciences, 15(22): 6867-6884 https://doi.org/10. 5194/bg-15-6867-2018 Access to the published version may require subscription. N.B. When citing this work, cite the original published paper. Permanent link to this version:Abstract. In contrast to numerous studies on the dynamics of dissolved ( < 0.45 µm) elements in permafrost-affected highlatitude rivers, very little is known of the behavior of river suspended (> 0.45 µm) matter (RSM) in these regions. In order to test the effect of climate, permafrost and physiogeographical landscape parameters (bogs, forest and lake coverage of the watershed) on RSM and particulate C, N and P concentrations in river water, we sampled 33 small and medium-sized rivers (10-100 000 km 2 watershed) along a 1700 km N-S transect including both permafrost-affected and permafrost-free zones of the Western Siberian Lowland (WSL). The concentrations of C and N in RSM decreased with the increase in river watershed size, illustrating (i) the importance of organic debris in small rivers which drain peatlands and (ii) the role of mineral matter from bank abrasion in larger rivers. The presence of lakes in the watershed increased C and N but decreased P concentrations in the RSM. The C : N ratio in the RSM reflected the source from the deep soil horizon rather than surface soil horizon, similar to that of other Arctic rivers. This suggests the export of peat and mineral particles through suprapermafrost flow occurring at the base of the active layer. There was a maximum of both particulate C and N concentrations and export fluxes at the beginning of permafrost appearance, in the sporadic and discontinuous zone (62-64 • N). This presumably reflected the organic matter mobilization from newly thawed organic horizons in soils at the active latitudinal thawing front. The results suggest that a northward shift of permafrost boundaries and an increase in active layer thickness may increase particulate C and N export by WSL rivers to the Arctic Ocean by a factor of 2, while P export may remain unchanged. In contrast, within a long-term climate warming scenario, the disappearance of permafrost in the north, the drainage of lakes and transformation of bogs to forest may decrease C and N concentrations in RSM by 2 to 3 times.

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“…The carbon accumulated in inland water sediments has been estimated to range from 0.2 to 1.4 Pg C yr −1 (Battin et al, ; Cole et al, ; Dean & Gorham, ; Regnier et al, ; Stallard, ), and there is a sevenfold difference between the maximum and minimum estimates. Some estimates have suggested that global rivers export 0.4–0.6 Pg C of SOC every year (Dai et al, ; Galy et al, ; Holeman, ; Lal, ; Li et al, ; Ludwig et al, ; Mayorga et al, ; Schlesinger & Melack, ; Walling & Webb, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Redistribution of Soil Organic Carbon Induced by Soil Erosion in the Nine River Basins of China

et al. 2019

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Global soil erosion redistributes a large amount of soil organic carbon (SOC) and is potential to significantly change the terrestrial carbon budget. However, there are large uncertainties in the redistribution of SOC within the terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. Based on two national survey data sets on soil erosion and sediment measurements from hydrological stations, this study estimated the redistribution of sediment and SOC in the nine river basins of China during 1995China during -1996China during and 2010China during -2012. Over these two periods, 3.55-4.50 Pg of soil and 68.42-77.32 Tg C of SOC were eroded each year. For the SOC budget, on average 57% and 47% of the eroded SOC was deposited over land, 25% and 44% was deposited in the channel, and 18% and 8% was delivered into the sea during 1995-1996 and 2010-2012, respectively. Compared with the corresponding magnitudes during 1995-1996, the eroded SOC, the SOC deposited over land, and the SOC discharged into the sea decreased during 2010-2012, and only the SOC deposited into the river channel increased (from 19.5 to 30.1 Tg C yr −1 ). The changes in SOC deposition in the channel of the Yangtze River and the Yellow River basins demonstrate that the influence of human activities is extensive. Our results show that the erosion-induced redistribution of SOC alters the carbon budget of China.

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The carbon flux of global rivers: A re-evaluation of amount and spatial patterns

Cited by 127 publications

References 57 publications

Modeling Global Riverine DOC Flux Dynamics From 1951 to 2015

Modeling Global Riverine DOC Flux Dynamics From 1951 to 2015

Response to Reviewer No 1

Redistribution of Soil Organic Carbon Induced by Soil Erosion in the Nine River Basins of China

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