The carbon- and oxygen-isotope record of the Precambrian–Cambrian boundary interval in China and Iran and their correlation

Brasier, Martin D.; Magaritz, Mordeckai; Corfield, Richard; Luo, Hui; Xiche, Wu; Lin, Ouyang; Jiang, Zhiwen; Hamdi, B.; Tinggui, He; Fraser, Andrew

doi:10.1017/s0016756800014886

Cited by 171 publications

(105 citation statements)

References 30 publications

(53 reference statements)

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“…Indeed, Early Cambrian isotopic peaks comparable in magnitude to that seen in the upper Kotuikan succession have been documented in Morocco (Tucker, 1986;Magaritz et al 1991), India (Aharon, Schidlowski & Singh, 1987), and Iran (Brasier et al 1990)-southeastem Siberia is unusual in lacking a comparable C-isotopic excursion.…”

mentioning

confidence: 89%

“…Previous craton-wide correlations require that unconformities in Proterozoic-Cambrian successions of Siberia be et al 1991), India (Aharon, Schidlowski & Singh, 1987), and Iran ~ (Brasier et al 1990). The sub-Tommotian unconformity at Dvortsy is shown as a break in section that spans the interval from the negative excursion above Peak I to a point above the peak here desig-s= In our preferred correlation, the unconformity between the U st'-Yudoma and Pestrotsvet formations corresponds in time to a section of rocks minimally 48 m thick in the Kotuikan River section.…”

Section: B the Sub-tommotian Unconformitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This does not necessarily mean, however, that the boundary can be recognized elsewhere by the lowermost occurrences of SSFs. Should the fossils be shown to occur earlier somewhere else -as they do in the Olenek region of northern Siberia (Karlova, 1987;Khomentovsky & Karl ova, 1992Knoll et al 1995a; see also the placement of the lowermost SSFs in Iran and Kazakhstan by Brasier et al 1990, fig. 1) -this does not change the definition of the boundary; it simply means that improved tools are necessary for precise correlation.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Integrated chronostratigraphy of Proterozoic–Cambrian boundary beds in the western Anabar region, northern Siberia

et al. 1996

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-Carbonate-rich sedimentary rocks of the western Anabar region, northern Siberia, preserve an exceptional record of evolutionary and biogeochemical events near the Proterozoic/Cambrian boundary. Sedimentologically, the boundary succession can be divided into three sequences representing successive episodes of late transgressive to early highstand deposition; four parasequences are recognized in the sequence corresponding lithostratigraphically to the Manykai Formation. Small shelly fossils are abundant and include many taxa that also occur in standard sections of southeastern Siberia. Despite this coincidence of faunal elements, biostratigraphic correlations between the two regions have been controversial because numerous species that first appear at or immediately above the basal Tommotian boundary in southeastern sections have first appearances scattered through more than thirty metres of section in the western Anabar. Carbon-and Sr-isotopic data on petrographically and geochemically screened samples collected at one-to two-metre intervals in a section along the Kotuikan River, favour correlation of the Staraya Reckha Formation and most of the overlying Manykai Formation with sub-Tommotian carbonates in southeastern Siberia. In contrast, isotopic data suggest that the uppermost Manykai Formation and the basal 26 m of the unconformably overlying Medvezhya Formation may have no equivalent in the southeast; they appear to provide a sedimentary and palaeontological record of an evolutionarily significant time interval represented in southeastern Siberia only by the sub-Tommotian unconformity. Correlations with radiometrically dated horizons in the Olenek and Kharaulakh regions of northern Siberia suggest that this interval lasted approximately three to six million years, during which essentially all 'basal Tommotian' small shelly fossils evolved.

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confidence: 89%

Section: B the Sub-tommotian Unconformitymentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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Integrated chronostratigraphy of Proterozoic–Cambrian boundary beds in the western Anabar region, northern Siberia

et al. 1996

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“…Porcauricula hypsilippis (Jiang, 1980) is known from lower SSF2 beds (Qian & Bengtson, 1989), in the rising trend towards a prominent positive peak ZHUCE in China (Brasier et al 1990;Li et al 2009). Lapworthella ludvigseni Landing, 1984 and Eccentrotheca kanesia Landing, Nowlan & Fletcher, 1980 occur in the lower Watsonella crosbyi Zone of SE Newfoundland (Landing et al 1989).…”

Section: F Tommotiidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…New articulated material of Apistoconcha from strata correlative with the Cambrian Stage 3 in Australia seems to support its stem-group brachiopod position (Skovsted et al 2010). The earliest undoubted representatives of the group are known from the SSF3 of China (Qian, 1999;Li & Chen, 1992;) and occur at near the peak of the positive carbon isotope excursion ZHUCE in Sichuan (Brasier et al 1990, fig. 6; online Appendices 1 & 2 at http://journals.cambridge.org/geo; Fig.…”

Section: G Tianzhushanellidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chronology of early Cambrian biomineralization

et al. 2011

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-Data on the first appearances of major animal groups with mineralized skeletons on the Siberian Platform and worldwide are revised and summarized herein with references to an improved carbon isotope stratigraphy and radiometric dating in order to reconstruct the Cambrian radiation (popularly known as the 'Cambrian explosion') with a higher precision and provide a basis for the definition of Cambrian Stages 2 to 4. The Lophotrochozoa and, probably, Chaetognatha were first among protostomians to achieve biomineralization during the Terreneuvian Epoch, mainly the Fortunian Age. Fast evolutionary radiation within the Lophotrochozoa was followed by radiation of the sclerotized and biomineralized Ecdysozoa during Stage 3. The first mineralized skeletons of the Deuterostomia, represented by echinoderms, appeared in the middle of Cambrian Stage 3. The fossil record of sponges and cnidarians suggests that they acquired biomineralized skeletons in the late Neoproterozoic, but diversification of both definite sponges and cnidarians was in parallel to that of bilaterians. The distribution of calcium carbonate skeletal mineralogies from the upper Ediacaran to lower Cambrian reflects fluctuations in the global ocean chemistry and shows that the Cambrian radiation occurred mainly during a time of aragonite and high-magnesium calcite seas.

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The diversification and extinction of Doushantuo‐Pertatataka acritarchs in South China: causes and biostratigraphic significance

et al. 2006

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The Ediacaran Period immediately follows the last Cryogenian glaciation-the $635 Ma Marinoan or Nantuo glaciation, and it is also punctuated by another brief glaciation-the $582 Ma Gaskiers glaciation. It is possible that these glaciations may have had significant impact on Ediacaran biological evolution (e.g. the appearance or disappearance of Doushantuo-Pertatataka acritarchs). Alternative hypotheses propose that the diversification of Doushantuo-Pertatataka acritarchs was caused by the Acraman bolide impact or by emerging eumetazoans. To test these hypotheses, high-resolution geochronological and biostratigraphic data are required. The Doushantuo Formation in South China, radiometrically constrained between $635 and $551 Ma, has the potential to clarify the global picture of early-middle Ediacaran evolution. Here we present preliminary biostratigraphic data from the Doushantuo Formation in the East Yangtze Gorges area and new d 13 C chemostratigraphic data from the Doushantuo Formation at Weng'an. These and previously published palaeontological data, aided by the tool of d 13 C chemostratigraphy, indicate that the biostratigraphic record of the Doushantuo Formation is locally sensitive to the availability of specific taphonomic windows. In the East Yangtze Gorges area, Doushantuo-Pertatataka acritarchs first appeared shortly after the termination of the Nantuo glaciation and gradually diversified throughout the Doushantuo Formation. At Weng'an, however, such acritarchs first appear-abruptly and in much greater diversity-in phosphorite of the upper Doushantuo Formation, immediately above a subaerial exposure surface. Thus, the biostratigraphic pattern in the East Yangtze Gorges area permits, whereas that at Weng'an apparently disallows, a causal relationship between the Nantuo glaciation and the diversification of Doushantuo-Pertatataka acritarchs. We conclude that the biostratigraphic record is incomplete at Weng'an, where the early Ediacaran evolutionary history is not preserved. The South China data indicate that special attention has to be paid to taphonomic and palaeoenvironmental analysis before extrapolating local and regional biostratigraphic ranges to make global interpretations.It is less clear when Doushantuo-Pertatataka acritarchs disappeared. Previous investigators have variously suggested that they disappeared before, at, or after, the Gaskiers glaciation. These hypotheses are difficult to test because of the lack of sedimentary evidence for the Gaskiers glaciation in South China and other regions (e.g. South Australia) where Doushantuo-Pertatataka acritarchs are abundant. In Australia, Doushantuo-Pertatataka acritarchs are thought to have experienced a sharp decline after the Egan glaciation, which may well be equivalent to the Gaskiers glaciation. If true, then Doushantuo-Pertatataka acritarchs are largely restricted to the interval between the Nantuo and Gaskiers glaciations. This conclusion allows us to place constraints on the possible causes of the diversification and extinction of Doushant...

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The carbon- and oxygen-isotope record of the Precambrian–Cambrian boundary interval in China and Iran and their correlation

Cited by 171 publications

References 30 publications

Integrated chronostratigraphy of Proterozoic–Cambrian boundary beds in the western Anabar region, northern Siberia

Integrated chronostratigraphy of Proterozoic–Cambrian boundary beds in the western Anabar region, northern Siberia

Chronology of early Cambrian biomineralization

The diversification and extinction of Doushantuo‐Pertatataka acritarchs in South China: causes and biostratigraphic significance

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