The Canadian Neurological Scale

Côté, Robert; Battista, Renaldo N.; Wolfson, Christina; Boucher, Jean; Adam, Jennifer; Hachinski, Vladimir

doi:10.1212/wnl.39.5.638

Cited by 429 publications

(193 citation statements)

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“…Stroke severity was evaluated by an experienced neurologist using the Canadian stroke scale (CSS) 20 on admission. The CSS measures level of consciousness, orientation, and weakness in arm, hand, and leg, with a total score ranging from 1.5 (maximum deficit) to 10 (absence of deficit).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predictors of good outcome in medium to large spontaneous supratentorial intracerebral haemorrhages

Castellanos

2005

Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry

103

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Objective: To determine potential predictors of good outcome in primary medium to large intracerebral haemorrhages (ICH) which could be useful for selecting patients for surgical procedures. Methods: Subjects were 138 patients with spontaneous hemispheric ICH .20 ml. They were nonsurgically treated and were admitted consecutively to 15 hospitals within the first 12 hours of symptom onset (mean (SD), 5.8 (3.1) hours). Haematoma volume was measured on computed tomography (CT) at admission. Stroke severity was assessed by the Canadian stroke scale (CSS). Good outcome was defined as modified Rankin score (2 at three months. Results: At the end of the follow up period, 45 patients (32.6%) had good outcome. Baseline stroke severity, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, body temperature, and acute phase reaction biochemical markers (ESR, C-reactive protein, fibrinogen, neutrophil count) were significantly associated with good outcome in bivariate analyses. Of the initial CT scan variables, intraventricular contamination, deep location, mass effect, and greater ICH volume were related to poor outcome. On multiple logistic regression analysis, cortical location of bleeding (odds ratio 3.79 (95% confidence interval 1.2 to 12.01); p = 0.023), high CSS score (OR 2.3 (1.6 to 3.1); p,0.0001), and low fibrinogen concentrations (OR 0.92 (0.87 to 0.97); p = 0.001) were independent predictors of good outcome. These three factors correctly classified 85% of patients. Conclusions: Good outcome in medium to large ICH can be predicted on admission by three readily assessable factors (CSS score, ICH location, and fibrinogen levels). These predictors may be helpful in selecting patients for surgical treatment.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predictors of good outcome in medium to large spontaneous supratentorial intracerebral haemorrhages

Castellanos

2005

Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry

103

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“…Stroke severity at the time of initial assessment is determined using the Canadian Neurological Scale score, where higher scores indicate a less severe stroke. 16 The registry also includes information on specific neurologic deficits, functional status after stroke, and vascular comorbid conditions. We used the Ontario Stroke Registry to identify a cohort of patients with acute stroke or TIA seen in the emergency department or admitted to any of 11 stroke centers between July 1, 2003, and March 31, 2012, and discharged alive.…”

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confidence: 99%

Risk of fractures after stroke

et al. 2017

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Objective: To determine the risk of fractures after stroke.Methods: Using the Ontario Stroke Registry, we identified a population-based sample of consecutive patients seen in the emergency department or hospitalized with stroke (n 5 23,751) or TIA (n 5 11,240) at any of 11 stroke centers in Ontario, Canada, and discharged alive between July 1, 2003, and March 31, 2012. We compared the risk of low-trauma fractures in patients with stroke vs those with TIA using propensity score methods to adjust for differences in baseline factors. Secondary analyses compared fracture risk poststroke with that in age-/sex-matched controls without stroke or TIA (n 5 23,751) identified from the Ontario Registered Persons Database. Results:The 2-year rate of fracture was 5.7% in those with stroke compared to 4.8% in those with TIA (adjusted cause-specific hazard ratio [aHR] for those with stroke vs TIA 1.32; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.19-1.46) and 4.1% in age-/sex-matched controls (aHR for those with stroke vs controls 1.47; 95% CI 1.35-1.60). In the cohort with stroke, factors associated with fractures were older age, female sex, moderate stroke severity, prior fractures or falls, and preexisting osteoporosis, rheumatoid arthritis, hyperparathyroidism, and atrial fibrillation.Conclusions: Stroke is associated with an increased risk of low-trauma fractures. Individuals with stroke and additional risk factors for fractures may benefit from targeted screening for low bone mineral density and initiation of treatment for fracture prevention. Stroke is a leading cause of adult disability, and up to two-thirds of stroke survivors have limitations in mobility.1 Stroke may also be associated with declines in bone mineral density and an increased risk of falls, both factors that can predispose to subsequent low-trauma (fragility) fractures. 2-10Previous studies have suggested an up to 4-fold increase in the risk of fractures in those with stroke compared to healthy controls. 7-13 However, it is not known how much of this fracture risk is due to the stroke itself rather than differences in other baseline factors such as age and comorbidity. A better understanding of both the fracture risk attributable to stroke and the specific factors associated with such fractures would allow for improved screening, prevention, and treatment of osteoporosis and fractures following stroke.We used data from a clinical stroke registry in Ontario, Canada, linked with administrative data, to evaluate the risk of fractures in patients with acute stroke compared to those with TIA. In order to focus on the contribution of stroke (rather than baseline comorbid conditions) to fracture risk, we selected patients with TIA as our reference population, as they are anticipated From the Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences

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“…As for the method of stroke impairment assessment, several kinds have been developed, such as the Canadian Neurological Scale [13] and NIH Scale [14]. SIAS, used in this study, is the assessment based on the guidelines of the Buffalo Symposium of 1989 [15], and has recently been often used clinically to assess the impairment in post-stroke patients in Japan, as it can assess not only motor functions but also sensory functions and range of motion at the joints [11].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Case Report of Hemiparesis in a Patient with an Intracerebral Hemorrhage at the Basal Ganglia, Thalamus, and Internal Capsule Treated with a Combination of Traditional Korean Medicine and Western Medicine

Ah-hyun¹,

최현민²,

Jiyoon³

et al. 2017

J Int Korean Med

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In post-stroke patients, the recurrence of stroke and progression of impairments lead to a bedridden state and dementia. As for their treatments, only anti-hypertension and anti-coagulation therapies to prevent the recurrence of stroke are available. In Asia, post-stroke patients with impairments are often treated with herbal medicine. The present study evaluated the effectiveness of tokishakuyakusan (TS) in improving the impairment and independence in post-stroke patients. Thirty-one post-stroke patients (mean age = 81.4 years) were recruited and enrolled. Participants were randomly assigned to the TS group (n = 16) or nontreatment (control) group (n = 15) and treated for 12 months. Impairments were assessed using the Stroke Impairment Assessment Set (SIAS). Independence was evaluated using the functional independence measure (FIM). For each outcome measure, mean change was calculated every 3 months. The results were that impairments according to SIAS did not significantly change in the TS group. In contrast, SIAS significantly worsened in the control group. There was a significant difference between the two groups. In each term of SIAS, affected lower extremity scores, abdominal muscle strength, function of visuospatial perception, and so forth. in the TS group were better than those in the control group. Independence according to FIM did not change significantly in the TS group. In contrast, FIM significantly worsened in the control group. There was also a significant difference between the two groups. In conclusion, TS was considered to suppress the impairments of lower limbs and to exert a favorable effect on cerebral function for post-stroke patients.

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The Canadian Neurological Scale

Cited by 429 publications

References 0 publications

Predictors of good outcome in medium to large spontaneous supratentorial intracerebral haemorrhages

Predictors of good outcome in medium to large spontaneous supratentorial intracerebral haemorrhages

Risk of fractures after stroke

A Case Report of Hemiparesis in a Patient with an Intracerebral Hemorrhage at the Basal Ganglia, Thalamus, and Internal Capsule Treated with a Combination of Traditional Korean Medicine and Western Medicine

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