The past triennium has been characterized by further developments in meteor astronomy, and the following results have been obtained:(1) The majority of meteors, whether photographic and visual or radar and telescopic, show a strong preference for direct motion near the ecliptic inside the solar system.(2) Meteors are connected with comets and their orbits have the same distribution as those of comets.(3) Meteorites are connected with the system of minor planets; micro-meteorites with the zodiacal light.(4) The structure of a few showers and their ages have been determined. These results are based on improved observational methods (photographic, radar and telescopic observation in connexion with visual observations).Great progress has also been made in the physical theory of meteors, although many unknown parameters permit different interpretations of the new theories. I.G.Y. measurements directly in the ' meteor surroundings' (artificial satellites and meteors) will contribute to the removal of the fundamental discrepancies which exist today. We shall then know even better the interaction between the atmosphere and meteors.The detailed description of results obtained is presented below.
O B S E R V A T I O N A L M E T H O D SRadar observations of meteors were made in the following countries: Australia. Radio-echo rates for both shower and sporadic meteors have been systematically measured from 1952 at Adelaide with the 27 Mc/s C.W. equipment. Meteors above limiting brightness in the range M R + y-$ are regularly registered. A. A. Weiss discusses the sporadic background [1], shower meteors [2] and the influx of meteor particles over the whole surface of the Earth and their density in space [3]. The results are in good agreement with those obtained at other radio stations.Canada. A new meteor observatory was erected in 1957 at Springhill (20 miles southsouth-east of Ottawa) where the programme of meteor research using a combination of radio, photographic and visual techniques was transferred from Metcalf Road Field
M E T E O R E S E T M E T E O R I T E SStation. A 32 Mc/s meteor radar with peak power of 400 kW and single-dipole antenna system has been built specially for the I.G.Y. meteor programme. In addition to this a special 32 Mc/s I.G.Y. meteor radar with peak power near 20 kW and omni-directional antennas is operated continuously throughout the I.G.Y. [4].Czechoslovakia. The first Czechoslovak radar was finished in 1957. It works on a frequency of 37-5 Mc/s with peak power of 25 kW and with a rotating antenna system (14 x 6 m; the beam-width to the half-power points is +16° in the horizontal plane and ± 27° in the vertical plane) at an elevation of 45 0 . The radar is now being tested. Great Britain. The radio survey of meteor activity has been continued at the Jodrell Bank Station of the University of Manchester with the same equipment as before. Important results on meteor physics have been obtained.
U.S.A.A system of megawatt transmitter and six receiving stations are proposed to be operated during the ...