The Campo de Dalias GNSS Network Unveils the Interaction between Roll-Back and Indentation Tectonics in the Gibraltar Arc

Galindo-Zaldı́var, Jesús; Gil, A. J.; Tendero-Salmerón, Víctor; Borque, M.J.; Ercilla, Gemma; González-Castillo, Lourdes; Sánchez‐Alzola, Alberto; Lacy, M. C.; Estrada, Ferrán; Avilés, Manuel; Alfaro, P.; Madarieta-Txurruka, Asier; Chacón, Fernando

doi:10.3390/s22062128

Cited by 9 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…The velocities indicate a northwest-southeast convergence rate of 3.5 ± 0.1 mm/yr with respect to Nubia. The displacements as a whole are also in agreement with the tectonic model involving rollback and indentation proposed byGalindo-Zaldivar et al (2022).…”

supporting

confidence: 87%

“…In the western Betic Cordillera, the development of the Gibraltar Arc, the tectonic belt connecting the Betic and Rif Cordilleras surrounding the Alboran Sea, continues at present (Gonzalez-Castillo et al 2015), and the displacement pattern is in agreement with a clockwise rotation of the tectonic units in the northern branch of the Gibraltar Arc. On the other hand, Galindo-Zaldivar et al (2022) established the present-day interaction of the rollback tectonics of the Betic-Gibraltar-Rif slab in the western part of the Gibraltar Arc, with indentation tectonics affecting the eastern and southern areas.…”

Section: Tectonic Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Topo-Iberia CGPS network: A new 3D crustal velocity field in the Iberian Peninsula and Morocco based on eleven years (2008–2019)

García-Armenteros

2023

Preprint

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The Topo-Iberia network covering the Spanish part of the Iberian Peninsula and Morocco was established in 2008. Following the first publication of the horizontal velocity field based on an analysis of the first four years (2008–2012) in 2015, a new 3D velocity field based on eleven years (2008–2019) is presented. The double-differencing technique is applied with GAMIT software, and the precise point positioning (PPP) technique is applied with GipsyX software for GPS processing to obtain loosely constrained solutions. Then, a Kalman filter is used to merge both solutions using GLOBK software and produce a velocity solution. The combined velocity solution is presented as a new horizontal velocity field and the first vertical velocity field of the Topo-IberiaCGPS network. A global viewof the data quality from the Topo-Iberia stations is also presented for the first time, as well as a program specifically created to convert GipsyX gdcov files to SINEX files, gdcov2sinex.sh. The results are in good agreement with previous publications, except in the Betic Cordillera, where the new velocities with respect to Eurasia are generally lower and present a higher southwestward component rather than a purely westward motion. The main discrepancy is observed at the ALJI station, where the maximum velocity is reached (3 ± 0.1 mm/yr), showing west‒northwestward motion. The smallest and highest residual displacements with respect to Eurasiaoccur in northern Iberia and Morocco, respectively. The results support the conclusions of other studies that a clockwise block rotation occurs at present in the northern branch of the Gibraltar Arc. The velocities indicate a northwest‒southeast convergence rate of 3.5 ± 0.1 mm/yr with respect to Nubia. A general low subsidence (mean value of 0.5 ± 0.1 mm/yr) is observed in the Iberian Peninsula except for some isolated stations presenting uplift.

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supporting

confidence: 87%

Section: Tectonic Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Topo-Iberia CGPS network: A new 3D crustal velocity field in the Iberian Peninsula and Morocco based on eleven years (2008–2019)

García-Armenteros

2023

Preprint

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“…In the Eastern Betic Cordillera, the Eurasia‐Nubia convergence is effectively transferred because of a tectonic indenter (Figure 1) (Borque et al., 2019; Coppier et al., 1989; Estrada et al., 2018; Galindo‐Zaldivar et al., 2022; Palano et al., 2015; Tendero‐Salmerón, 2022). This convergence is accommodated along a transpressive tectonic corridor: the Trans‐Alboran Shear Zone (Bousquet, 1979; De Larouziere et al., 1987), also named the Eastern Betic Shear Zone (Silva et al., 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insights of Active Extension Within a Collisional Orogen From GNSS (Central Betic Cordillera, S Spain)

et al. 2023

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The coexistence of shortening and extensional tectonic regimes is a common feature in orogenic belts. The westernmost end of the Western Mediterranean is an area undergoing shortening related to the 5 mm/yr NNW‒SSE convergence of the Nubia and Eurasia Plates. In this region, the Central Betic Cordillera shows a regional ENE‒WSW extension. Here, we present GNSS‐derived geodetic data along a 170 km‐long transect orthogonal to the main active normal faults of the Central Betic Cordillera. Our data indicate that the total extension rate along the Central Betic Cordillera is 2.0 ± 0.3 mm/yr. Extension is accommodated in the eastern (0.8 ± 0.3 mm/yr in the Guadix‐Baza Basin) and western (1.3 ± 0.3 mm/yr in the Granada Basin) parts of the Central Betic Cordillera, while no extension is recorded in the central part of the study area. Moreover, our data permit us to quantify, for the first time, short‐term fault slip rates of the Granada Fault System, which is one of the main seismogenic sources of the Iberian Peninsula. We deduce a fault slip rate of ∼1.3 ± 0.3 mm/yr for the whole Granada Basin, with 0.9 ± 0.3 mm/yr being accommodated in the Granada Fault System and 0.4 ± 0.3 mm/yr being accommodated in the southwestern sector of the Granada Basin, where no active faults have been previously described at the surface. The heterogeneous extension in the Central Betic Cordillera could be accommodated by shallow high‐angle normal faults that merge with a detachment at depth. Part of the active extension could be derived from gravitational instability because of underlying over‐thickened crust.

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“…The number of stations used in each daily GAMIT solution shown in Fig. 5 (bottom) evinces the variation of Topo-Iberia stations number over time, since the number of CORS is more or less xed (15).…”

Section: ( )mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Topo-Iberia stations (25) plus the additional CORS (15) are processed simultaneously in only one regional network (40) using GAMIT version 10.71 (Herring et al 2018). Being the number of sites minor than ~ 50 in daily GAMIT processing, it is not necessary to use sub-networks for the processing to be more e cient and accurate.…”

Section: Gamit Strategymentioning

confidence: 99%

Topo-Iberia CGPS network: A new 3D crustal velocity field in the Iberian Peninsula and Morocco based on eleven years (2008–2019)

García-Armenteros

2022

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Topo-Iberia network covering the Spanish part of the Iberian Peninsula and Morocco was established in 2008. After the first publication in 2015 of the horizontal velocity field based on the analysis of the first four activity years (2008–2012), a new 3D velocity field based on eleven years (2008–2019) is presented in this paper. Double-differencing technique with GAMIT software and precise point positioning (PPP) technique with GipsyX software are used for GPS processing obtaining loosely constrained solutions, and the methodology merging both solutions within a Kalman filter (GLOBK) is exposed. Position time series analysis carried out is described and results obtained by each processing strategy are compared. The combined velocity solution is presented in this paper as the new horizontal velocity field and the first vertical velocity field of Topo-Iberia CGPS network. A global view of Topo-Iberia stations quality for the processed period is also presented for the first time. The results are in good accordance with previous publications except in Betic Cordillera. Smallest and highest residual displacements with respect to Eurasia occur in northern Iberia and Morocco respectively. The results could confirm that a clockwise block rotation would have been occurring at present in the northern branch of the Gibraltar Arc, which present-day undergoing a northwest-southeast convergence rate of 3.6 mm/yr. A general low subsidence is observed in the Iberian Peninsula except for some isolated stations presenting uplift.

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The Campo de Dalias GNSS Network Unveils the Interaction between Roll-Back and Indentation Tectonics in the Gibraltar Arc

Cited by 9 publications

References 51 publications

Topo-Iberia CGPS network: A new 3D crustal velocity field in the Iberian Peninsula and Morocco based on eleven years (2008–2019)

Topo-Iberia CGPS network: A new 3D crustal velocity field in the Iberian Peninsula and Morocco based on eleven years (2008–2019)

Insights of Active Extension Within a Collisional Orogen From GNSS (Central Betic Cordillera, S Spain)

Topo-Iberia CGPS network: A new 3D crustal velocity field in the Iberian Peninsula and Morocco based on eleven years (2008–2019)

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