The Cambridge History of Islam

Holt, P. M.; Lambton, Ann K. S.; Lewıs, Bernard

doi:10.5771/0506-7286-1971-2-224

Cited by 2 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…The method of Islamic education is very effective in fostering the personality of students [36] and motivating them so that the application of this method allows tens of thousands of believers to open people's hearts to receive divine guidance and concepts of the forerunners of Islam. [37] 3 'Iqro Method 'Iqro comes from Arabic which means "read" [38]. If the word 'iqra is combined with a method, it means a neatly arranged (systematic) or neat way to achieve the goal, in this case, is being able to read the Qur'an fluently and in tartil.…”

Section: Understanding Islamic Education Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Religious Education Using Deeniyat Method on Children of Streets and Dhu'afa People in The Aqidah Ujung Tanduk Area That is Vulnerable to Christianizated

Fajri¹,

Mansurnoor²,

Sururin³

et al. 2021

Proceedings of the 3rd International Colloquium on Interdisciplinary Islamic Studies, ICIIS 2020, 20-21 October 2020, Jakarta,

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The purpose of this article is to explain the learning methods applied by an educator to their students with a variety of Islamic Education Methods with the Deeniyat Method, and to discuss more deeply how the Deeniyat Method is implemented. The method is one of the strategies or methods used by the teacher in the learning process to be achieved, the more precise the method used by a teacher, the better learning will be. Islamic education is an absolute necessity to be able to implement Islam as willed by Allah. Deeniyat is an Intensive Religious Education Development Program for Children, Adolescents and Adults that lasts 1 hour every day with material tailored to the needs, abilities and psychology of children in memorizing, living and practicing their knowledge in everyday life to form Islamic Character. This Deeniyat method has been researched, tested and implemented in Indonesia since 2009. Then, it has begun to actively form the Pilot Deeniyat Madrasah accompanied by regular socialization and publication in 2011 under the Deeniyat Nusantara Foundation as the Center for System Development and Management of the Deeniyat Madrasah.

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Section: Understanding Islamic Education Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Religious Education Using Deeniyat Method on Children of Streets and Dhu'afa People in The Aqidah Ujung Tanduk Area That is Vulnerable to Christianizated

Fajri¹,

Mansurnoor²,

Sururin³

et al. 2021

Proceedings of the 3rd International Colloquium on Interdisciplinary Islamic Studies, ICIIS 2020, 20-21 October 2020, Jakarta,

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“…According to the author, there is no "easy" and "affirmative" answer to this question, and it was interesting to discuss/highlight the above point as a study limitation [1].In a previous Tunisian study aiming to ascertain how well the GLI-2012 reference equations [3] fit adult Tunisian spirometric data, the authors clearly noted that "the populations of Tunisia are made-up of people of mainly Arab, Berber, and Turkish descent" [4]. Tunisians are mainly genetically descended from native Berber groups, with some Punic and Phoenician as well as Middle eastern input [5]. To a lesser degree, Tunisians are descended from other North-African and/or European peoples [5].…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Tunisians are mainly genetically descended from native Berber groups, with some Punic and Phoenician as well as Middle eastern input [5]. To a lesser degree, Tunisians are descended from other North-African and/or European peoples [5]. In brief, less than 20% of Tunisian global genetic material (Y-chromosome examination) comes from the present day Levant, Arabia, Europe or sub-Saharan Africa [6][7][8][9].…”

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confidence: 99%

Do Tunisians have a European ancestry?

Saad

2021

Eur Respir J

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I read with great interest the recent official European Respiratory Society technical standard entitled "Global Lung Function Initiative reference values for static lung volumes in individuals of European ancestry" [1]. The manuscript is very interesting, and certainly it will mark the "history" of pulmonary function reference equations [2]. In the aforementioned study, 7190 observations from 17 centres were submitted and reference equations were derived for individuals aged 5 to 80 years [1]. The centres were based in 11 countries localised in four continents (Europe, Ocean, America and Africa). Since the vast majority (97.2%) of data came from individuals having a "European ancestry", this expression was used to "describe" the included individuals [1]. According to HALL et al. [1], the "European ancestry" was defined using the same classification as in the Global Lung Function Initiative (GLI-2012) spirometry analysis [3]. Since Tunisia (a North-African country) participated in the GLI-2021 study by contributing 615 data points (i.e. 8.55% of the total dataset), researchers may ask the following question: do Tunisians have a 100% European ancestry (as stated by HALL et al. [1] in their table 1)? According to the author, there is no "easy" and "affirmative" answer to this question, and it was interesting to discuss/highlight the above point as a study limitation [1].In a previous Tunisian study aiming to ascertain how well the GLI-2012 reference equations [3] fit adult Tunisian spirometric data, the authors clearly noted that "the populations of Tunisia are made-up of people of mainly Arab, Berber, and Turkish descent" [4]. Tunisians are mainly genetically descended from native Berber groups, with some Punic and Phoenician as well as Middle eastern input [5]. To a lesser degree, Tunisians are descended from other North-African and/or European peoples [5]. In brief, less than 20% of Tunisian global genetic material (Y-chromosome examination) comes from the present day Levant, Arabia, Europe or sub-Saharan Africa [6][7][8][9]. Therefore, the qualification of Tunisian participants as having a 100% European ancestry needs to be "discussed". In reality, the Tunisian genetic detachments to European samples are smaller than those to North-African groups. According to historical records, this could be explicated by the history of the Tunisian population, reflecting the effects of the earliest Punic colonists of Carthage succeeded, among others, by Roman, Byzantine, Arab and French occupations. Nevertheless, additional reasons cannot be rejected, such as the possibility of genetic drift, whose impact might be mainly bigger on the X chromosome [7,8]. This proposes a fairly significant European input to Tunisian genetics compared to other adjoining populations. For the above reasons, and as previously recommended for the GLI-2012 spirometric norms [3], considering Tunisian (and therefore North-African) populations as individuals of a "European ancestry" is a methodological limitation [1].To conclude, the statement that Tun...

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The Cambridge History of Islam

Cited by 2 publications

References 0 publications

Religious Education Using Deeniyat Method on Children of Streets and Dhu'afa People in The Aqidah Ujung Tanduk Area That is Vulnerable to Christianizated

Religious Education Using Deeniyat Method on Children of Streets and Dhu'afa People in The Aqidah Ujung Tanduk Area That is Vulnerable to Christianizated

Do Tunisians have a European ancestry?

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