The cadmium-resistant gene, CAD2 , which is a mutated putative copper-transporter gene ( PCA1 ), controls the intracellular cadmium-level in the yeast S. cerevisiae

Abstract

Yeast cells carrying the CAD2 gene exhibit a resistance to cadmium. We cloned this gene and demonstrated that it was a mutated form derived from the gene of a putative copper-transporting ATPase (PCA1). By site-directed mutagenesis, it appeared that the mutation conferring cadmium resistance was a R970G-substitution in the C-terminal region of Pca1 protein. The intracellular cadmium level of cells carrying CAD2 was lower than that of cells carrying either PAC1 or delta cad2. Furthermore, cells with overexpression of CAD2 showed a much lower intracellular cadmium level than that of cells with a single-copy CAD2. From these results, we conclude that the Cad2 protein controls the intracellular cadmium level through an enhanced cadmium efflux system.

Contribution of ATPase copper transporters in animal but not plant virulence of the crossover pathogen Aspergillus flavus

“…Some of the analyzed Aspergillus species ( A. sydowii, A. turcosus , and A. calidoustus ) also show multiple proteins in the Pca1-type group. The Pca1-type group derived its named from the Saccharomyces cerevisiae cadmium transporting ATPase Pca1p [33]. This is in contrast to the Ccc2-type group (named after the S. cerevisiae Cu transporting ATPase of the trans-Golgi network Ccc2p [34], where only one predicted protein from each analyzed Aspergillus species was found (Figure 2).…”

Defects in glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchor synthesis activate Hog1 kinase and confer copper-resistance in Saccharomyces cerevisisae.

“…In S. cerevisiae, there is a structurally similar P-type ATPase encoded by PCA1 (Rad et al, 1994). A PCA1 mutant allele, named CAD2, was identified as a gene responsible for cadmium-resistance in S. cerevisiae (Shiraishi et al, 2000). The CAD2 P-type ATPase is likely to pump cadmium ions out of the cells.…”

Zinc-Finger Transcription Factor ZAT6 Positively Regulates Cadmium Tolerance through the Glutathione-Dependent Pathway in Arabidopsis

“…In addition, a lot of key genes have been shown to be involved in Cd detoxification and tolerance in plants. These include ZNT1, OsHMA9, OsNRAMP5, ZntA, CAD2, AtPDR12, AtPDR8, AtATM3, ACBP1, Nramp5, EIN2, and MAN3 (Pence et al, 2000;Sharma et al, 2000;Shiraishi et al, 2000;Lee et al, 2003Lee et al, , 2007Kim et al, 2006Kim et al, , 2007Xiao et al, 2008;Cao et al, 2009;Lin and Aarts, 2012;Sasaki et al, 2012;Ishikawa et al, 2012;Chen et al, 2015). It was also found that Heat shock transcription factor A4a (HsfA4a) confers Cd tolerance by up-regulating MT gene expression in wheat (Triticum aestivum) and rice (Oryza sativa; Shim et al, 2009).…”