The burden of Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) infection in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region across age groups: A systematic review

Youssef, Yolla; Chmaisse, Ahmad; Boutros, Celina; Chamseddine, Sarah; Fayad, Danielle; Zaraket, Hassan; Dbaibo, Ghassan

doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2021.05.076

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 80 publications

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“…Respiratory viruses are frequently detected in community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) among children of all ages globally [16][17][18]. The majority of pathogens associated with hospitalized SCAP in children were viruses in this study, which were consistent with the finding in this field over the past decade in high disease burden low and middle income countries (LMICs) as well as in Europe and the USA [11,16,[19][20][21][22][23]. In this study, seven common respiratory viruses were found in 32.3% (66/204) of the BALFs tested by DFA, and such results were consistent Fig.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Nasopharyngeal aspirates in children with severe community-acquired pneumonia collected within 3 days before bronchoscopy can partially reflect the pathogens in bronchoalveolar lavage fluids

Zhu

Zhou

et al. 2022

BMC Infect Dis

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Background There is little evidence about consistency between nasopharyngeal and pulmonary pathogens in children with severe pneumonia. This study aims to compare the difference of pathogens between nasopharyngeal aspirates (NPAs) collected before bronchoscopy and bronchoalveolar lavage fluids (BALFs) in children with severe community-acquired pneumonia (SCAP). Methods NPAs and BALFs were collected form pediatric SCAP cases hospitalized from January 2018 to March 2019. NPAs were colleced within 3 days before bronchoscopy. Samples were detected by direct immunofluorescence assay (DFA) for seven respiratory viruses and by routine bacterial culture in the clinical microbiology laboratory. Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), Adenovirus (ADV), Influenza virus types A, B (IV-A and IV-B), Parainfluenza virus 1–3 (PIV1-3) were detected with a commercial assay. The virological and bacteriological detention results of NPAs were compared with the results of BALFs. Results In total 204 cases with mean age of 3.4 ± 2.8 years (IQR, 1 month-14 years) were included in the study. Both NPA and BALF were collected from those cases. The positive rates of pathogen in NPAs and BALFs were 25.0% (51/204) and 36.7% (75/204), respectively (x2 = 6.614, P = 0.010). Respiratory viruses were found in 16.1% (33/204) from NPAs and 32.3% (66/204) from BALFs (x2 = 14.524, P < 0.001). RSV and ADV were the two most frequent detected viruses in NPAs and BALFs. High consistentcy of pathogens between NPAs and BALFs was observed, and 96.9% (32/33) viruses detected in NPAs were also found in BALFs. While bacteria were isolated from 12.7% (26/204) and 10.7% (22/204) of the two kinds of samples, respectively (x2 = 0.378, P = 0.539). In addition, Haemophilus influenzae (HI) was the dominant germ in both samples. Conclusion The DFA method used to detect seven respiratory viruses from NPAs collected within 3 days before bronchoscopy can partially reflect the pathogens in the lungs in children with SCAP.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Nasopharyngeal aspirates in children with severe community-acquired pneumonia collected within 3 days before bronchoscopy can partially reflect the pathogens in bronchoalveolar lavage fluids

Zhu

Zhou

et al. 2022

BMC Infect Dis

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“…Moreover, patients with coinfection (38/266, 14.3%) tended to have a higher incidence of severe pneumonia than those without coinfection (142/1,241, 11.4%), but the difference was not statistically significant (P=0.101). Some scholars have reported that compared with single RSV infection, RSV coinfection with other viruses had higher rates of pneumonia, hospitalization and mechanical ventilation ( 29 ), but Papenburg et al ( 30 ) reported that there was no significant difference in the severity of the two.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology of respiratory syncytial virus in hospitalized children with community-acquired pneumonia in Guangzhou: a 10-year study

Li¹,

Zhai²,

Lin³

et al. 2023

J Thorac Dis

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Background: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is one of the most common virus causing communityacquired pneumonia (CAP) in children. To guide the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of RSV, we aimed to analyze the epidemiology of RSV in hospitalized children with CAP. Methods: A total of 9,837 hospitalized children (≤14 years old) with CAP from January 2010 to December 2019 were reviewed. Using the real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), the oropharyngeal swab specimens were collected and tested for RSV, influenza virus A (INFA), influenza virus B (INFB), parainfluenza virus (PIV), enterovirus (EV), coronavirus (CoV), human metapneumovirus (HMPV), human bocavirus (HBoV), human rhinovirus (HRV), and adenovirus (ADV) for each patient.Results: The detection rate of RSV was 15.3% (1,507/9,837). From 2010 to 2019, the RSV detection rate showed a wavy change (χ 2 =166.982, P<0.001), with the highest detection rate in 2011 (158/636, 24.8%). RSV can be detected throughout the year, with the highest detection rate in February (123/482, 25.5%). Children younger than 0.5 years old had the highest detection rate (410/1,671,24.5%). The detection rate of RSV in male children (1,024/6,226, 16.4%) was higher than that in female children (483/3,611, 13.4%) (P<0.001). A proportion of 17.7% (266/1,507) of RSV positive cases were also co-infected with other viruses, and INFA (41/266, 15.4%) was the most common coinfection virus. After adjusting for potential confounders, the RSV-positive children were associated with increased risk of severe pneumonia [odds ratio (OR) 1.26, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.04 to 1.53, P=0.019]. Moreover, children with severe pneumonia had significantly lower cycle threshold (CT) values of RSV than those without severe pneumonia (28.88±3.89 vs. 30.42±3.33, P<0.01). Patients with coinfection (38/266, 14.3%) had a higher risk of severe pneumonia than those without coinfection (142/1,241, 11.4%), but the difference was not statistically significant (OR 1.39, 95% CI: 0.94 to 2.05, P=0.101). Conclusions:The detection rate of RSV in CAP hospitalized children changed by years, months, ages, and sexes. CAP hospitalized children with RSV are more likely to develop severe pneumonia than those without RSV. Policy makers and doctors should make timely adjustments to prevention measures, medical resources and treatment options based on these epidemiological characteristics.

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“…Globally, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is considered a major cause of acute lower respiratory tract infections (ALRI), and the most common cause of bronchiolitis in hospitalized children during winter [ 1 , 2 ]. In 2019, there were an estimated 33 million RSV infections, 3.6 million RSV ALRI hospitalizations globally, and 101,400 RSV-attributable deaths in children below the age of five [ 3 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Respiratory syncytial virus in pediatric patients admitted to a tertiary center in Amman: clinical characteristics, and age-related patterns

Al-Iede,

Alhouri,

Marwa

et al. 2024

BMC Pediatr

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Background Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a common cause of acute lower respiratory tract infections, particularly in infants and young children during winter. We aimed to study the demographics and clinical characteristics of RSV infections and age-related patterns. Methods This retrospective study evaluated pediatric respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infections conducted in Jordan from September 2021 to March 2022. Patients under the age of five who had viral polymerase chain reaction results showing RSV infection from nasopharyngeal aspiration were included. In addition, demographic information, medical history, and clinical data were gathered. These included comorbidities, outcomes, length of stay, ICU hospitalization, use of antibiotics, and oxygen supplementation. Results A total of 199 patients were included. Most patients were males (56.8%) and less than one year (43.7%). Children aged between 1 and 2 years presented with more shortness of breath (90.1%) than infants and children more than two years (66.7% and 87%, respectively) (p < 0.001). Older children (> 2 years) were significantly more likely to use antibiotics and have ICU admission than younger children ≤ 2 years (p = 0.045 and 0.018, respectively). There was no relationship between age groups, recurrent hospitalization, previous RSV infection, oxygen therapy, coinfection, and hospitalization duration. The respiratory rate was higher among patients with co-infection (p = 0.031). Conclusion The current study provides information on the demographics and clinical characteristics of RSV infections. These findings contribute to a nuanced understanding of RSV infections in the specified population, emphasizing age-specific variations and clinical implications for better management strategies.

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The burden of Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) infection in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region across age groups: A systematic review

Cited by 7 publications

References 80 publications

Nasopharyngeal aspirates in children with severe community-acquired pneumonia collected within 3 days before bronchoscopy can partially reflect the pathogens in bronchoalveolar lavage fluids

Nasopharyngeal aspirates in children with severe community-acquired pneumonia collected within 3 days before bronchoscopy can partially reflect the pathogens in bronchoalveolar lavage fluids

Epidemiology of respiratory syncytial virus in hospitalized children with community-acquired pneumonia in Guangzhou: a 10-year study

Respiratory syncytial virus in pediatric patients admitted to a tertiary center in Amman: clinical characteristics, and age-related patterns

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