The burden of kidney cancer and its attributable risk factors in 195 countries and territories, 1990–2017

Abstract

Kidney cancer globally accounts for more than 131,000 deaths each year and has been found to place a large economic burden on society. However, there are no recent articles on the burden of kidney cancer across the world. The aim of this study was to present a status report on the incidence, mortality and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) associated with kidney cancer in 195 countries, from 1990 to 2017. Vital registration and cancer registry data (total of 23,660 site-years) were used to generate the estimates. Mortality was estimated first and the incidence and DALYs were calculated based on the estimated mortality values. All estimates were presented as counts and age-standardised rates per 100,000 population. The estimated rates were calculated by age, sex and according to the Socio-Demographic Index (SDI). In 2017, kidney cancer accounted for 393.0 thousand (95% UI: 371.0-404.6) incident cases, 138.5 thousand (95% UI: 128.7-142.5) deaths and 3.3 million (95% UI: 3.1-3.4) DALYs globally. The global age-standardised rates for the incidence, deaths and DALY were 4.9 (95% UI: 4.7-5.1), 1.7 (95% UI: 1.6-1.8) and 41.1 (95% UI: 38.7-42.5), respectively. Uruguay [15.8 (95% UI: 13.6-19.0)] and Bangladesh [1.5 (95% UI: 1.0-1.8)] had highest and lowest age-standardised incidence rates, respectively. The age-standardised death rates varied substantially from 0.47 (95% UI: 0.34-0.58) in Bangladesh to 5.6 (95% UI: 4.6-6.1) in the Czech Republic. Incidence and mortality rates were higher among males, than females, across all age groups, with the highest rates for both sexes being observed in the 95+ age group. Generally, positive associations were found between each country's age-standardised DALY rate and their corresponding SDI. The considerable burden of kidney cancer was attributable to high body mass index (18.5%) and smoking (16.6%) in both sexes. There are large inter-country differences in the burden of kidney cancer and it is generally higher in countries with a high SDI. The findings from this study provide much needed information for those in each country that are making health-related decisions about priority areas, resource

Global, regional, and national burden of kidney, bladder, and prostate cancers and their attributable risk factors, 1990–2019

“…The Global Burden of Disease (GBD) and GLOBOCAN databases are the most widely used data sources to evaluate the disease burden [ 7 , 8 ]. The updated GBD 2019 evaluated 369 diseases and injuries worldwide and compared their prevalence in 204 countries and territories from 1990 to 2019, providing valuable information to adjust health policies [ 9 – 11 ].…”

Phytochemicals for the Prevention and Treatment of Renal Cell Carcinoma: Preclinical and Clinical Evidence and Molecular Mechanisms

“…The American Cancer Society estimates that 79,000 new cases of kidney cancer will be diagnosed in 2022 and about 13,920 people will die from the disease [2]. Kidney cancer worldwide is estimated to account for 342,000 cases each year with more than 131,000 deaths [3]. Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is the most common type of kidney cancer, with many subtypes according to histopathological findings, including clear cell (75%), papillary (10-15%), and chromophobe (5%), among others.…”

“…A unique characteristic of kidney cancer is that many patients are often asymptomatic; it is estimated that more than 50% of patients are diagnosed with kidney cancer incidentally during imaging for an unrelated issue [5]. Several major risk factors associated with kidney cancer include smoking, excess body weight, alcohol consumption, hypertension, diabetes, chronic kidney disease, as well as genetic factors, such as mutations in the von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) tumor suppressor gene [3].…”

Prolonged Survival Using First-Line Pazopanib in a Filipino Male with Renal Cell Carcinoma and Brain Metastasis: A Case Report

“…In the same year, it accounted for 1,229 cancer deaths [ 1 ]. The high burden of this disease is reflected in the 33,067 disability-adjusted life years associated with kidney cancer locally from 1990 to 2017 [ 2 ]. Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is the most common type of kidney malignancy.…”