The burden of Hepatitis B virus infection in Kenya: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Makokha, Grace Naswa; Zhang, Peiyi; Hayes, Christina; Songok, Elijah; Chayama, Kazuaki

doi:10.3389/fpubh.2023.986020

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 79 publications

(159 reference statements)

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“…Among the tested HIV/STDs in our research, the prevalence of HBV (5.5%) among African migrants was found to be the highest. However, it was lower than the prevalence in the general Chinese population (6.89%) and the general population of African countries (18.9% in Somalia, 7.8% in Kenya, 8.1% in South Africa, and 8.5% in Uganda) [18][19][20][21][22]. Due to the limited data available in our study, we lack su cient information to analyze the reasons for the difference in HBV prevalence between African migrants and the general Chinese and African populations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

HIV/STD prevalence and test uptake among African in Guangzhou, China: an analysis of data from hospital-based surveillance

Xiong

Yang

Zhao

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) cause substantial morbidity and mortality both in African and China. However, there is limited data available on the prevalence of HIV/STDs and the uptake of testing among Africans in China. A venue-based survey was conducted at a tertiary hospital in Guangzhou to investigate the prevalence of HIV/STDs through laboratory testing and identify the associated factors. The prevalence rates of HIV, syphilis, NG, CT, and HBsAg among the participants were 1.0%, 2.5%, 1.0%, 1.5%, and 5.5%, respectively. The overall reported rate of HIV/STD testing was 37.0%, with rates of 23.0% for HIV, 16.5% for syphilis, 12.5% for NG, 6.5% for genital herpes, 5.0% for condyloma acuminata, and 2.5% for CT. HIV/STD testing was associated with living environment in Guangzhou, having medical insurance in China, and utilizing health services in China in the past year. HIV/STDs are prevalent among Africans in China, and the epidemic is likely to spread due to a significant proportion of unprotected sexual behaviors and low rates of HIV/STD testing. Urgent interventions, including targeted health education, promotion of health service utilization, and active surveillance of HIV/STDs, are needed to reduce the risk of HIV/STD transmission.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

HIV/STD prevalence and test uptake among African in Guangzhou, China: an analysis of data from hospital-based surveillance

Xiong

Yang

Zhao

et al. 2023

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Among the tested HIV/STDs in our research, the prevalence of HBV (5.5%) among African migrants was found to be the highest. However, it was lower than the prevalence in the general Chinese population (6.89%) and the general population of African countries (18.9% in Somalia, 7.8% in Kenya, 8.1% in South Africa, and 8.5% in Uganda) [ 20 – 24 ]. Due to the limited data available in our study, we lack sufficient information to analyze the associated factors of the difference in HBV prevalence between African migrants and the general Chinese and African populations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

HIV/STD prevalence and test uptake among african in Guangzhou, China: an analysis of data from hospital-based surveillance

Xiong,

Yang,

Zhao

et al. 2023

BMC Infect Dis

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Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) cause substantial morbidity and mortality both in African and China. However, there is limited data available on the prevalence of HIV/STDs and the uptake of testing experience ever during in China among African migrants. A venue-based survey was conducted at a tertiary hospital in Guangzhou to investigate the prevalence of HIV/STDs through laboratory testing and identify the associated factors. A total of 200 eligible participants completed the survey and bring into the analysis from April to October 2019, and the temporary visitors were excluded. The prevalence rates of HIV, syphilis, NG, CT, and HBsAg among the participants were 1.0%, 2.5%, 1.0%, 1.5%, and 5.5%, respectively. The overall reported rate of HIV/STD testing was 37.0%, with rates of 23.0% for HIV, 16.5% for syphilis, 12.5% for NG, 6.5% for genital herpes, 5.0% for condyloma acuminata, and 2.5% for CT. HIV/STD testing was associated with living environment in Guangzhou, having medical insurance in China, and utilizing health services in China in the past year. HIV/STDs are prevalent among Africans in Guangzhou, and the epidemic is likely to spread due to a significant proportion of unprotected sexual behaviors and low rates of HIV/STD testing. Urgent interventions, including targeted health education, promotion of health service utilization, and active surveillance of HIV/STDs, are needed to reduce the risk of HIV/STD transmission.

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“…There is low hepatitis B vaccine coverage and insufficient immunity to the virus among this high risk HCWs due to uncompleted vaccine dosage coupled with knowledge gaps, inadequate Personal Protective Equipment’s (PPEs) and poor waste management process [ 14 – 16 ]. Prevalence of HBV in Kenya is between 3–8%, Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) disease, blood transfusion and body scarification being potential predictors to HBV infection [ 17 , 18 ]. HBV is an important occupational hazard to HCWs because of high virulence due to its higher viral load (VL) in the blood, transmissibility in absence of visible blood, longer environmental viability and its availability in several other body fluids [ 19 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatitis B virus infection status and associated factors among health care workers in selected hospitals in Kisumu County, Kenya: A cross-sectional study

Mboya,

Daud,

Ondondo

et al. 2023

PLOS Glob Public Health

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Poorly managed medical waste produced at the health facilities are potential source of infections including occupational exposure to Hepatitis B Virus (HBV). This study evaluated the prevalence of HBV infection among healthcare workers (HCWs) in Kisumu County. We determined prevalence of HBV infections among 192 HCWs from nine purposively selected high-patient volume public hospitals in Kisumu County. A structured questionnaire was administered, and 4.0 ml of venous blood sample collected for Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), hepatitis B surface antibody (anti-HBs) and total hepatitis B core antibody (anti-HBc) testing using enzyme immunoassay (EIA). Of 192 HCWs sampled, 52.1% were males and the median participants age was 34.4 years with interquartile range (IQR) of 11 (28–39) years. Most participants (44%) had worked for between 1–5 years. There was low HBV vaccine uptake with 35.9% completing the required 3 doses, while 40.6% had never been vaccinated. HBV prevalence was 18.8% (36/192), prevalence of past resolved infection was 25.5% (49/192), while 37.5% (72/192) of HCW had evidence of vaccine-derived immunity and 17.7% (34/192) were susceptible. HBV prevalence among HCW who had worked for less than one year and those who had never been vaccinated was 37.5% and 35.9% respectively. Significant risk of HBV lifetime exposure was noted among HCWs with one vaccine dose, those with no known exposure, while highest in those with knowledge on HBV transmission (aOR, 7.97; 95% CI, 2.10–153.3, p-value = 0.008). HCWs who had received ≥2 doses of HBV vaccine (aOR, 0.03; 95% CI, 0.01–0.10, p-value = <0.0001) had significant HBV protection. Duration of service was not associated with HBV among HCWs. HBV prevalence was high among HCWs from nine high patient volume public hospitals in Kisumu County. Efforts to strengthen HBV vaccination uptake and dose completion are needed to reduce HBV infections among HCWs.

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The burden of Hepatitis B virus infection in Kenya: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Cited by 6 publications

References 79 publications

HIV/STD prevalence and test uptake among African in Guangzhou, China: an analysis of data from hospital-based surveillance

HIV/STD prevalence and test uptake among African in Guangzhou, China: an analysis of data from hospital-based surveillance

HIV/STD prevalence and test uptake among african in Guangzhou, China: an analysis of data from hospital-based surveillance

Hepatitis B virus infection status and associated factors among health care workers in selected hospitals in Kisumu County, Kenya: A cross-sectional study

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