The Burden of Genital Warts: A Study of Nearly 70,000 Women from the General Female Population in the 4 Nordic Countries

Kjær, Susanne K.; Tran, Trung; Sparén, Pär; Tryggvadóttír, Laufey; Munk, Christian; Dasbach, Erik J.; Liaw, Kai Li; Nygård, Jan F.; Nygård, Mari

doi:10.1086/522863

Cited by 194 publications

(71 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…There is no surveillance of genital warts in Norway as there is in the UK and USA, but similar trends are reported in Scandinavia for both genital warts [23] and oropharyngeal carcinomas [24], [25]. It is reasonable to expect similar trends in RRP, but currently we have no evidence of such [8], [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 72%

Risk Factors for Aggressive Recurrent Respiratory Papillomatosis in Adults and Juveniles

et al. 2014

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In this cohort study we examined whether gender, age at onset, observation time or human papillomavirus (HPV) genotype are risk factors for an aggressive clinical course in Recurrent Respiratory Papillomatosis (RRP). Clinical data from patient records comprised gender, age at onset, date of first endolaryngeal procedure with biopsy, date of last follow-up, total number of endolaryngeal procedures, and complications during the observation period. Disease was defined as juvenile (JoRRP) or adult onset (AoRRP) according to whether the disease was acquired before or after the age of 18. Aggressive disease was defined as distal spread, tracheostomy, four surgical operations annually or >10 surgeries in total. DNA was extracted from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue. HPV genotyping was performed by quantitative PCR assay identifying 15 HPV genotypes. The study included 224 patients. The majority were males (141/174 in AoRRPs and 31/50 in JoRRPs; p = 0.005). The median follow-up from initial diagnosis was 12.0 years (IQR 3.7–32.9) for JoRRPs and 4.0 years (IQR 0.8–11.7) for AoRRPs. The disease was more aggressive in juveniles than adults (p<0.001), a difference that disappeared after 10 years' observation. JoRRPs with aggressive disease were younger at onset (mean difference 4.6 years, 95%CI [2.4, 6.8], p = 0.009). HPV6 or −11 was present in all HPV-positive papillomas. HPV11 was more prevalent in aggressive disease, and HPV6 in non-aggressive disease (p<0.001). Multiple logistic regression revealed that only age at onset (OR = 0.69, 95% CI [0.53, 0.88], p = 0.003) was associated with aggressive disease in juveniles, while HPV11 (OR = 3.74, 95% CI [1.40, 9.97], p = 0.008) and observation time >10 years (OR = 13.41, 95% CI [5.46, 32.99[, p<001) were risk factors in adults. In conclusion, the only significant risk factor for developing aggressive disease in JoRRPs was age at onset, but both HPV11 and observation time >10 years were risk factors for an aggressive disease course in AoRRPs.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 72%

Risk Factors for Aggressive Recurrent Respiratory Papillomatosis in Adults and Juveniles

et al. 2014

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“…Our study adds to the evidence that there is a relationship between smoking and genital warts after adjustment for potential confounders. A previous cross-sectional analysis from the same survey showed a weaker association between smoking and genital warts 1. Like the other studies that have examined this association, it did not take the time-varying nature of smoking behaviour into account.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…Data on enrolment and data collection have previously been provided 1. Briefly, in total 69 486 women participated in the study by responding to a self-administered questionnaire (participation rate 66.9%).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Association between smoking and genital warts: longitudinal analysis

Hansen

Hagerup-Jenssen

Kjær

et al. 2010

Sexually Transmitted Infections

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“…[1,2] HPV infection of the genital epithelium is associated with a range of diseases, including genital warts and cancers of the cervix, vagina, vulva, anus and penis and their precursors. However, HPV infection may exist in the latent form in apparently normal epithelium.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Human papillomavirus genotypes and clinical management of genital warts in women attending a colposcopy clinic in Cape Town, South Africa

et al. 2015

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Background. Genital human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is the most common sexually transmitted viral disease in the world. HPV infection of the genital epithelium is associated with genital warts and malignancies of the lower genital tract. Objectives. To describe the distribution, phenotypic appearance and HPV type associated with genital warts in women.Methods. This was a prospective observational study of all women with genital warts who attended the Colposcopy Clinic, Groote Schuur Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa, during 2010 and fulfilled the inclusion and exclusion criteria. One hundred and thirteen women were tested for HPV using the Roche Linear Array HPV genotyping kit to determine the HPV genotypes causing genital warts. Results. The median age of the women was 27 years (range 15 -53); 90 (79.6%) were HIV-positive, and two-thirds were on antiretroviral treatment. Treatment involved ablation with topical agents, cauterisation or carbon dioxide laser. At 3 months' follow-up after treatment, 56.6% of the women, the majority of whom were HIV-positive, had recurrent/persistent disease. In both HIV-positive and HIV-negative women, HPV was detected in over 90% of cases. However, over half the HIV-positive women as opposed to 2/18 of the HIV-negative women were infected with multiple HPV genotypes. The commonest HPV genotypes in HIV-positive and HIV-negative women were types 11, 6, 89, 61, 55 and 62 and types 11 and 6, respectively. Conclusions. The majority of the patients were HIV-positive and had multiple HPV infections. While this did not alter the phenotypic appearance of the warts, recurrence/persistence after treatment was more common.

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The Burden of Genital Warts: A Study of Nearly 70,000 Women from the General Female Population in the 4 Nordic Countries

Cited by 194 publications

References 31 publications

Risk Factors for Aggressive Recurrent Respiratory Papillomatosis in Adults and Juveniles

Risk Factors for Aggressive Recurrent Respiratory Papillomatosis in Adults and Juveniles

Association between smoking and genital warts: longitudinal analysis

Human papillomavirus genotypes and clinical management of genital warts in women attending a colposcopy clinic in Cape Town, South Africa

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