The burden of bites and stings management: Experience of an academic hospital in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

Khan, Anas; Al-Kathiri, Waad H.; Balkhi, Bander; Samrkandi, Osama; Al‐Khalifa, Mohammed S.; Asiri, Yousef

doi:10.1016/j.jsps.2020.07.004

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 31 publications

(37 reference statements)

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“…However, it is reported that MD rarely acts alone, and its combinations, together with other factors, provide optimum conditions [26][27][28]. In the current study, consistent with the literature [17,18,20,19,[21][22][23], the distribution of bite cases throughout the year increased almost in parallel with the air temperature, and made two separate peaks in June and August. This may be because of the increase in people's outdoor activities and dog activity in warmer weather.…”

Section: Discussi̇onsupporting

confidence: 89%

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Epidemiological characteristics, seasonality, trends of dog bite injuries, and relationship with meteorological data

Yılmaz¹,

Delice²,

Yılmaz³

2023

Ann Agric Environ Med.

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Introduction and Objective. Animal bites are among the most critical in public health problems. Dogs are the leading cause of bite injuries. The study aimed to investigate the epidemiology and clinical features of dog bite cases admitted to an emergency department, as well as their temporal trends, seasonality, and tr relationship with meteorological data. Materials and method. Study data comprised eight years (2012-2019) emergency room records of a tertiary center. Demographic characteristics of the cases, bite anatomical area, treatment applied, hospitalization, and death rates were determined. The incidence rates and distribution of meteorological data by years were examined using ANOVA and Kruskal Wallis tests. Seasonality and temporal trends were investigated for incidence rates using the additive decomposition technique. The temporal relationship of incidence rates with meteorological data was evaluated using the Autoregressive Distributed Delayed Boundary Test. Causality verification was perfoirmed using the Granger test. Results. Dog bite cases consisted of 1,335 records of partients with a mean age of 26.6±0.2 years. Bite cases were most common in the 20-44 age group (44.7%), males (76.4%), and lower extremities (48.2%). The frequency of hospitalization was 4.1%. Annual incidence rates ranged from 52.7-49.9/100,000, with a non-significant increasing trend. The incidence of bites had two peaks, in June and August. A co-integration relationship was observed between incidence rates and air temperature and humidity levels (p<0.001). Conclusions. Effective implementation of prevention programmes is needed for high-risk demographic groups. In addition, a national monitoring and reporting system could evaluate the effectiveness of any prevention programme and reduce the incedence of dog bites.

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Section: Discussi̇onsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…Being involved in agricultural activities and spending a lot of time outdoors may increase the likelihood of males being bitten. However, there are also studies reporting that incidences of dog bites are higher in women [5,19,20]. This contradiction may be because of socio-cultural reasons and, therefore, behavioural differences.…”

Section: Discussi̇onmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiological characteristics, seasonality, trends of dog bite injuries, and relationship with meteorological data

Yılmaz¹,

Delice²,

Yılmaz³

2023

Ann Agric Environ Med.

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“… Magalhães et al (2020) Brazilian Amazon Health system cost: US$3.115.861,28. The total cost: US$8 million in 2015 Benabdellah et al (2020) Children's University Hospital of Rabat, Morocco The average direct medical costs: US$127/child The average direct non-medical costs: US$30/child Khan et al (2020) Saudi Arabia Direct healthcare cost per snakebite patient by severity category Mild: SAR 15,005 (Mean = SAR 3750) Moderate: SAR 87,707 (Mean = SAR 29,444) Severe: SAR 92,286 (Mean = SAR 46,143) Death: SAR 43,142 (Mean = SAR 43,142) Total: SAR 238,140 (Mean = SAR 26,460) Household cost of snakebite No Author Location Cost Sharma et al (2004) South eastern Nepal Household cost: US$69 (SD = 100) Vaiyapuri et al (2013) Tamil Nadu, India The direct cost (transport and medical expenses): Rs.0–350,000 (£4858). Kasturiratne et al (2017) Sri Lanka National direct out-of-pocket expenditure for snakebite: US$1,981,699 Magalhães et al (2020) Brazilian Amazon Cost from the patient's perspective: US$268 914.18.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chronic health effects and cost of snakebite

2021

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The burden of disability among survivors and the socio-economic impact of snakebite have not been adequately researched. We reviewed original research articles, case reports and small case series relating to chronic physical, mental and psycho-social disability and economic burden of snakebite. Both physical and psychological health problems seem common in snakebite survivors and can lead to disability and loss of productivity. Chronic physical health effects, musculoskeletal disability being the commonest, can be largely attributed to limited and delayed access to optimal treatment of acute envenoming. The economic burden is considerable, and includes health system costs, out-of-pocket expenditure and opportunity costs, with regional variations. Health systems should be more responsive to needs and circumstances of bite victims, and a more holistic approach should be developed in the treatment of snakebite which incorporates the management of chronic health effects.

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“…Two foxes and one sheep proved positive for rabies, but there were no reported human cases (Rollin et al, 1985). Mammal bites have been investigated in several countries in the Middle East, including Iraq (Bairmani & Baiee, 2017;Thabit & Faraj, 2012), Iran (Eslamifar et al, 2008;Ghannad et al, 2012), Lebanon (Bizri et al, 2000;Kassir et al, 2019), Oman (Ia et al, 2015), Saudi Arabia (Khan et al, 2020;Memish et al, 2015) and Turkey (Yalcin et al, 2012). Other studies reviewed the epidemiology of rabies in the Middle East with data on animal bites (Seimenis, 2008;Taylor et al, 2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Retrospective Analysis of Mammal Bites in Kuwait: Seasonality, Demographics, and Occupations

Al-Sayegh

Alsalameen

Majeed

et al. 2023

Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, B. Zoology

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Objective: Investigate mammal bites in Kuwait and their public health implications.Design: A retrospective analysis of mammal bite records from 2012 to 2020 was conducted, using data obtained from the Ministry of Health, Department of Public Health. Statistical analyses were performed with the SPSS Professional Statistics package (Version 17). Setting: The study took place in Kuwait, a small, arid country situated in the northwestern corner of the Arabian Peninsula, with a diverse population of 4.363 million.Subjects: The study involved 24,426 mammal bite victims.Interventions: Bite victims received post-exposure prophylaxis with the human diploid cell culture rabies vaccine (HDCV); quarantined animals were tested for rabies.Main Outcome Measures:The number of mammal bites, species involved, victim demographics, and vaccination rates were assessed.Results: Animal bites ranged from 1,977 cases in 2012 to 3,866 cases in 2019. Dogs and cats were responsible for 53.22% and 42.29% of the cases, respectively. Most cases occurred between December and January. The male-to-female ratio was 2.74:1, with an average age of 24.7±17.5 years. Bites were most common among individuals aged 25-45 years, accounting for 53% of total cases. Overall, 83.6% of bite victims received vaccinations, and all tested animals were negative for rabies.Conclusion: Mammal bites in Kuwait represent a significant public health issue. Enhanced surveillance measures and prevention strategies are crucial due to the presence of rabies in neighboring countries and the potential for cross-border transmission.

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The burden of bites and stings management: Experience of an academic hospital in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

Cited by 8 publications

References 31 publications

Epidemiological characteristics, seasonality, trends of dog bite injuries, and relationship with meteorological data

Epidemiological characteristics, seasonality, trends of dog bite injuries, and relationship with meteorological data

Chronic health effects and cost of snakebite

A Retrospective Analysis of Mammal Bites in Kuwait: Seasonality, Demographics, and Occupations

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