The burden and trend of diseases and their risk factors in Australia, 1990–2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

Islam, Sheikh Mohammed Shariful; Maddison, Ralph; Uddin, Riaz; Ball, Kylie; Livingstone, Katherine M.; Khan, Asaduzzaman; Salmon, Jo; Ackerman, Ilana N.; Adair, Tim; Adegboye, Oyelola A; Ademi, Zanfina; Adhikary, Ripon Kumar; Ahinkorah, Bright Opoku; Alam, Khurshid; Alene, Kefyalew Addis; Alif, Sheikh M; Amare, Azmeraw T; Ameyaw, Edward Kwabena; Aminde, Leopold; Anderlini, D.; Angell, Blake; Ansar, Adnan; Antony, Benny; Anyasodor, Anayochukwu Edward; Arnet, Victoria K.; Astell–Burt, Thomas; Atorkey, Prince; Awoke, Mamaru Ayenew; Quintanilla, Beatriz Paulina Ayala; Ayano, Getinet; Bagheri, Nasser; Barnett, Anthony; Baune, Bernhard T.; Bhandari, Dinesh; Bhaskar, Sonu; Biswas, Raaj Kishore; Borschmann, Rohan; Boufous, Soufiane; Briggs, Andrew M.; Buchbinder, Rachelle; Bulamu, Norma; Burns, Richard A.; Carvalho, André F.; Cerin, Ester; Cherbuin, Nicolas; Chowdhury, E.; Ciobanu, Liliana G; Clark, Stanley J.; Cross, Marita; Dadi, Abel Fekadu; Courten, Barbora de; Leo, Diego De; Luca, Katie de; Doyle, Kerrie; Edvardsson, David; Edvardsson, Kristina; Efendi, Ferry; Endalamaw, Aklilu; Fauk, Nelsensius Klau; Feng, Xiaoqi; Fitzgibbon, Bernadette M.; Flavel, Joanne; Gebreyohannes, Eyob Alemayehu; Gesesew, Hailay Abrha; Gill, Tiffany K.; Godinho, Myron Anthony; Gupta, Bhawna; Gupta, Vivek Kumar; Hambisa, Mitiku Teshome; Hamiduzzaman, Mohammad; Hankey, Graeme J.; Hassanian‐Moghaddam, Hossein; Hay, Simon I; Hébert, Jeffrey J.; Huda, M. Mamun; Huda, Tanvir; Islam, M Mofizul; Islam, Mohammad S.; Islam, Rakibul M; Kaambwa, Billingsley; Kandel, Himal; Kassie, Gizat M.; Kelly, Jaimon T; Kerr, Jessica A; Kiross, Girmay Tsegay; Knibbs, Luke D.; Kulkarni, Vishnutheertha; Lalloo, Ratilal; Le, Long Khanh-Dao; Leigh, James; Leung, Janni; Li, Shanshan; Mahumud, Rashidul Alam; Mamun, Abdullah; Marzan, Melvin Barrientos; McGrath, John J.; Mehlman, Max L.; Meretoja, Atte; Mersha, Amanual Getnet; Miller, Ted R.; Mitchell, Philip B.; Mokdad, Ali H.; Morawska, Lidia; Mpundu-Kaambwa, Christine; Mude, William; Murray, Christopher J L; Kandel, Sandhya Neupane; Nyanhanda, Tafadzwa; Obamiro, Kehinde O; Peden, Amy E.; Pesudovs, Konrad; Polkinghorne, Kevan R; Rahman, Azizur; Rahman, Muhammad Aziz; Ratan, Zubair Ahmed; Rawal, Lal; Reifels, Lennart; Renzaho, Andre Μ Ν; Robinson, Stephen R.; Roshandel, Danial; Rumisha, Susan F.; Saunders, Paul A.; Sawyer, Susan Μ; Schlaich, Markus P.; Schutte, Aletta E.; Seidu, Abdul‐Aziz; Sharma, Saurab; Shorofi, Seyed Afshin; Siabani, Soraya; Singh, Ambrish; Singh, Balbir; Slater, Helen; Stephens, Jacqueline H; Stokes, Mark A.; Subedi, Narayan; Sumi, Chandra Datta; Sun, Jing; Sundström, Johan; Szoeke, Cassandra; Tadakamadla, Santosh Kumar; Takahashi, Ken; Taylor, Johanna; Tessema, Masresha; Thrift, Amanda G; To, Quyen G.; Tollosa, Daniel Nigusse; Tran, Mai Thi Ngoc; Vandelanotte, Corneel; Varghese, Blesson M.; Veerman, Lennert J; Wang, Ning; Ward, Paul; Woodward, Mark; Wubishet, Befikadu Legesse; Xu, Xiaoyue; Ye, Pengpeng; Zaman, Sojib Bin; Zarghami, Amin; Zhang, Jianrong; Crawford, David

doi:10.1016/s2468-2667(23)00123-8

Cited by 20 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…The results indicated that the DHPM-CRC burden on the “B and R” countries in 2019 was positively correlated with their population size. However, compared with DHPM-CRC DALYs in 1990, those in 2019 have decreased by 15.92% in Russia, whereas have increased by 6-7 times in Saudi Arabia and Qatar, which is consistent with the trend of the CRC burden in these countries[ 7 , 42 ]. The reasons behind these observations may be that the healthcare system in Russia, which was previously supported by Soviet tax subsidies, has adopted mandatory health insurance since 1990, providing more funding for national health projects, and Russia has implemented measures for the early diagnosis of CRC during this period, including population screening, adenoma removal, treatment, and the widespread use of aspirin[ 43 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 54%

Colorectal cancer’s burden attributable to a diet high in processed meat in the Belt and Road Initiative countries

Liu,

Li,

Xie

et al. 2024

World J Gastrointest Oncol

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BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer (CRC) plays a significant role in morbidity, mortality, and economic cost in the Belt and Road Initiative (“B and R”) countries. In addition, these countries have a substantial consumption of processed meat. However, the burden and trend of CRC in relation to the consumption of a diet high in processed meat (DHPM-CRC) in these “B and R” countries remain unknown. AIM To analyze the burden and trend of DHPM-CRC in the “B and R” countries from 1990 to 2019. METHODS We used the 2019 Global Burden of Disease Study to collate information regarding the burden of DHPM-CRC. Numbers and age-standardized rates (ASRs) of deaths along with the disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) were determined among the “B and R” countries in 1990 and 2019. Using joinpoint regression analysis, the average annual percent change (AAPC) was used to analyze the temporal trends of age-standardized DALYs rate (ASDALR) from 1990 to 2019 and in the final decade (2010–2019). RESULTS We found geographical differences in the burden of DHPM-CRC among “B and R” countries, with the three highest-ranking countries being the Russian Federation, China, and Ukraine in 1990, and China, the Russian Federation, and Poland in 2019. The burden of DHPM-CRC generally increased in most member countries from 1990 to 2019 (all P < 0.05). The absolute number of deaths and DALYs in DHPM-CRC were 3151.15 [95% uncertainty interval (UI) 665.74-5696.64] and 83249.31 (95%UI 15628.64-151956.31) in China in 2019. However, the number of deaths (2627.57-2528.51) and DALYs (65867.39-55378.65) for DHPM-CRC in the Russian Federation has declined. The fastest increase in ASDALR for DHPM-CRC was observed in Vietnam, Southeast Asia, with an AAPC value of 3.90% [95% confidence interval (CI): 3.63%-4.16%], whereas the fastest decline was observed in Kyrgyzstan, Central Asia, with an AAPC value of -2.05% (95% CI: -2.37% to -1.73%). A substantial upward trend in ASR of mortality, years lived with disability, years of life lost, and DALYs from DHPM-CRC changes in 1990-2019 and the final decade (2010-2019) for most Maritime Silk Route members in East Asia, South Asia, Southeast Asia, North Africa, and the Middle East, as well as Central Europe, while those of the most Land Silk Route members in Central Asia and Eastern Europe have decreased markedly (all P < 0.05). The ASDALR for DHPM-CRC increased more in males than in females (all P < 0.05). For those aged 50-74 years, the ASDALR for DHPM-CRC in 40 members exhibited an increasing trend, except for 20 members, including 7 members in Central Asia, Maldives, and 12 high or high-middle social development index (SDI) members in other regions (all P < 0.05). CONCLUSION The burden of DHPM-CRC varies substantially across “B and R” countries and threatens public health. Relevant evidence-based policies and interventions tailored to the different trends of countries in SDIs or Silk Routes should be adopted to reduce the future burden of CRC in “B and R” countries via extensive collaboration.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 54%

Colorectal cancer’s burden attributable to a diet high in processed meat in the Belt and Road Initiative countries

Liu,

Li,

Xie

et al. 2024

World J Gastrointest Oncol

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“…Details of the CRA methodology have been described in previous studies [ 7 ]. All risk factors contributing to the burden of self-injury and interpersonal violence available in the GBD 2019 database were captured in this study, including: 3 level-1 risk factors (behavioural risks, environmental and occupational risks, and metabolic risks), 5 level-2 risk factors (low bone mineral density, non-optimal temperature, tobacco, drug use, and alcohol use), and 3 level-3 risk factors (high temperature, low temperature, and smoking) [ 12 ]. If there was duplication of impact factors at different levels, the data for the lower level of impact factors would be retained.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Global burden of self-harm and interpersonal violence and influencing factors study 1990–2019: analysis of the global burden of disease study

Zhou,

Li,

Cheng

et al. 2024

BMC Public Health

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Introduction Widespread concern exists in today’s world regarding self-harm and interpersonal violence. This study to analyze the changes in temporal trends and spatial patterns of risk factors and burdens of self-harm and interpersonal violence using the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2019. Methods Temporal trends in self-harm and interpersonal violence were initially summarized using the estimated annual percentage change (EAPC). Data were compiled and visualized to delineate changes in disease burden and factors influencing self-harm and interpersonal violence from 1990 to 2019, stratified by gender, age and GBD region. Results In 2019, the DALY rates of self-harm were 424.7(95% UI 383.25, 466.93). Over the period from 1999 to 2019, self-harm exhibited an overall decreasing trend, with the EAPC of -1.5351 (95% CI -1.6194, -1.4507), -2.0205 (95% CI -2.166, -1.8740) and -2.0605 (95% CI -2.2089, -1.9119), respectively. In contrast, the incidence rate of interpersonal violence was significantly higher than self-harm, with a rate of 413.44 (95% UI 329.88, 502.37) per 100,000 population. Mortality and DALYs of interpersonal violence were lower than those of self-harm, at 5.22 (95% UI 4.87, 5.63) and 342.43 (95% UI 316.61, 371.55). Disease burden of self-harm and interpersonal violence varied by gender, age groups and region. Specific risk factors showed that alcohol use, high temperature and drug use were the main risk factors for self-harm, while alcohol use, intimate partner violence and high temperature were associated with interpersonal violence. Low temperature was a common protective factor for both self-harm and interpersonal violence. The burden of self-harm and interpersonal violence was attributed to different factors influences in different SDI regions. Conclusions The study explored temporal trends and spatial distribution of the global disease burden of self-harm and interpersonal violence, emphasizing the significant impact of factors such as alcohol use, temperature, and drug use on disease burden. Further research and policy actions are needed to interpret recent changes of disease burden of self-harm and interpersonal violence, and dedicated efforts should be implemented to devise evidence-based interventions and policies to curtail risk factors and protect high-risk groups.

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“…Previous studies have also explored IHD epidemic trends over time in many countries [ 2 , 10 ]. However, typical statistical analysis cannot break down the risks when estimating mortality.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing Global, Regional, and National Time Trends and Associated Risk Factors of the Mortality in Ischemic Heart Disease Through Global Burden of Disease 2019 Study: Population-Based Study

Shu,

Tang,

et al. 2024

JMIR Public Health Surveill

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Background Ischemic heart disease (IHD) is the leading cause of death among noncommunicable diseases worldwide, but data on current epidemiological patterns and associated risk factors are lacking. Objective This study assessed the global, regional, and national trends in IHD mortality and attributable risks since 1990. Methods Mortality data were obtained from the Global Burden of Disease 2019 Study. We used an age-period-cohort model to calculate longitudinal age curves (expected longitudinal age-specific rate), net drift (overall annual percentage change), and local drift (annual percentage change in each age group) from 15 to >95 years of age and estimate cohort and period effects between 1990 and 2019. Deaths from IHD attributable to each risk factor were estimated on the basis of risk exposure, relative risks, and theoretical minimum risk exposure level. Results IHD is the leading cause of death in noncommunicable disease–related mortality (118.1/598.8, 19.7%). However, the age-standardized mortality rate for IHD decreased by 30.8% (95% CI –34.83% to –27.17%) over the past 30 years, and its net drift ranged from –2.89% (95% CI –3.07% to –2.71%) in high sociodemographic index (SDI) region to –0.24% (95% CI –0.32% to –0.16%) in low-middle–SDI region. The greatest decrease in IHD mortality occurred in the Republic of Korea (high SDI) with net drift –6.06% (95% CI –6.23% to –5.88%), followed by 5 high-SDI nations (Denmark, Norway, Estonia, the Netherlands, and Ireland) and 2 high-middle–SDI nations (Israel and Bahrain) with net drift less than –5.00%. Globally, age groups of >60 years continued to have the largest proportion of IHD-related mortality, with slightly higher mortality in male than female group. For period and birth cohort effects, the trend of rate ratios for IHD mortality declined across successive period groups from 2000 to 2004 and birth cohort groups from 1985 to 2000, with noticeable improvements in high-SDI regions. In low-SDI regions, IHD mortality significantly declined in female group but fluctuated in male group across successive periods; sex differences were greater in those born after 1945 in middle- and low-middle–SDI regions and after 1970 in low-SDI regions. Metabolic risks were the leading cause of mortality from IHD worldwide in 2019. Moreover, smoking, particulate matter pollution, and dietary risks were also important risk factors, increasingly occurring at a younger age. Diets low in whole grains and legumes were prominent dietary risks in both male and female groups, and smoking and high-sodium diet mainly affect male group. Conclusions IHD, a major concern, needs focused health care attention, especially for older male individuals and those in low-SDI regions. Metabolic risks should be prioritized for prevention, and behavioral and environmental risks should attract more attention to decrease IHD mortality.

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The burden and trend of diseases and their risk factors in Australia, 1990–2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

Cited by 20 publications

References 42 publications

Colorectal cancer’s burden attributable to a diet high in processed meat in the Belt and Road Initiative countries

Colorectal cancer’s burden attributable to a diet high in processed meat in the Belt and Road Initiative countries

Global burden of self-harm and interpersonal violence and influencing factors study 1990–2019: analysis of the global burden of disease study

Assessing Global, Regional, and National Time Trends and Associated Risk Factors of the Mortality in Ischemic Heart Disease Through Global Burden of Disease 2019 Study: Population-Based Study

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