The buffer capacity and buffer systems of human whole saliva measured without loss of CO2

Bardow, Allan; Moe, Dennis; Nyvad, Bente; Nauntofte, Birgitte

doi:10.1016/s0003-9969(99)00119-3

Cited by 215 publications

(190 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…The present preliminary results support the hypothesis of Sellman regarding the observation that proteins buffer at low pH. Bardow et al (2000) found that the protein buffer system governed the buffering capacity in acidic pH, which corroborates the present findings and previous published data (Lamanda et al 2007). …”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…Thus, it catalyses the reversible reaction CO 2 + H 2 O ⇌ HCO 3 − + H + (Kivelä et al 1999). While the optimal buffering range for phosphate and carbonate systems occurs at pH7.2 and 6.3, respectively (25°C), buffering below pH5 is based on the protein system (Bardow et al 2000). It has been shown that proteins in concentrations such as those found in human saliva exhibit a measurable buffering capacity (Lamanda et al 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Role of amylase, mucin, IgA and albumin on salivary protein buffering capacity: A pilot study

Cheaib

Lussi

2013

J Biosci

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It has been suggested that proteins serve as major salivary buffers below pH5. It remains unclear, however, which salivary proteins are responsible for these buffering properties. The aim of this pilot study was to evaluate the correlation between salivary concentration of total protein, amylase, mucin, immunoglobulin A (IgA), albumin and total salivary protein buffering capacity at a pH range of 4-5. In addition, the buffering capacity and the number of carboxylic acid moieties of single proteins were assessed.Stimulated saliva samples were collected at 9:00, 13:00 and 17:00 from 4 healthy volunteers on 3 successive days. The buffering capacities were measured for total salivary protein or for specific proteins. Also, the concentration of total protein, amylase, mucin, IgA and albumin were analysed.Within the limits of the current study, it was found that salivary protein buffering capacity was highly positively correlated with total protein, amylase and IgA concentrations. A weak correlation was observed for both albumin and mucin individually. Furthermore, the results suggest that amylase contributed to 35% of the salivary protein buffering capacity in the pH range of 4-5.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of amylase, mucin, IgA and albumin on salivary protein buffering capacity: A pilot study

Cheaib

Lussi

2013

J Biosci

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“…The buffering capacity of saliva involves three major systems : bicarbonate (HCO3 -), phosphate and proteins show buffering capacity in saliva and are involved to different extents depending on the specific pH range in question. Since bicarbonate plays an important role in buffering capacity between pH 5 and pH 7 (22), it might be the dominant system within this pH range. Decreased salivary pH during the nighttime might involve attenuation of buffering capacity, which depends on salivation rates.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A nocturnal decline of salivary pH associated with airway hyperresponsiveness in asthma

et al. 2010

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: Salivary pH is associated with esophageal acid reflux and neutralization of esophageal acid. In this study, we assessed the association between nocturnal decline of salivary pH and airway hyperresponsiveness. Salivary pH was serially assessed in 9 patients with mild asthma (7 men and 2 women ; mean age 33.3 years ; mean % %predicted FEV1.0 89.4% %) and 10 healthy volunteers (6 men and 4 women ; mean age 31.2 years) using a pH indicator tape. The buffering capacity of saliva was defined as the median effective dose (ED50) for acidification of saliva with 0.01 N HCl, and airway responsiveness was defined as the dose of methacholine producing a 35% % fall in Grs (PD35-Grs). There was a significant correlation between the values obtained from the pH indicator tape and those obtained from the electrometric pH meter. Using the indicator tape for sequential monitoring, we observed a nocturnal fall (!pH) in salivary pH in all subjects. A significant correlation was found between airway hyperresponsiveness (PD35-Grs) and either !pH or ED50 in mildly asthmatic patients. Vagal reflux dysfunction might contribute to nocturnal salivary pH as well as to airway hyperresponsiveness in mild asthmatics. J. Med. Invest.

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“…1,7,8 Due to the presence of bicarbonate/carbonate ions and, to a lesser extent, phosphate ions and proteins, saliva has a buffering capacity (BC) and can neutralise acids produced in the oral cavity or ingested. 9,10 Oral health and integrity, demineralisation-remineralisation balance and dilution and antimicrobial activity are important to maintain good salivary BC. 11 High salivary pH and BC have been found to lead to better oral health outcomes and a lower incidence of dental caries.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Salivary pH, Buffering Capacity and Alkaline Phosphatase in Smokers and Healthy Non-Smokers: Retrospective cohort study

Ahmadi‐Motamayel¹,

Falsafi²,

Goodarzi³

et al. 2016

SQUMJ

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abstract:Objectives: Saliva contains alkaline phosphatase (ALP)-a key intracellular enzyme related to destructive processes and cellular damage-and has buffering capacity (BC) against acids due to the presence of bicarbonate and phosphate ions. Smoking may have deleterious effects on the oral environment due to pH changes which can affect ALP activity. This study aimed to evaluate the salivary pH, BC and ALP activity of male smokers and healthy non-smokers. Methods: This retrospective cohort study took place between August 2012 and December 2013. A total of 251 healthy male non-smokers and 259 male smokers from Hamadan, Iran, were selected. Unstimulated whole saliva was collected from each participant and pH and BC were determined using a pH meter. Salivary enzymes were measured by spectrophotometric assay. Results: Mean salivary pH (7.42 ± 0.48 and 7.52 ± 0.43, respectively; P = 0.018) and BC (3.41 ± 0.54 and 4.17 ± 0.71; P = 0.001) was significantly lower in smokers compared to non-smokers. Mean ALP levels were 49.58 ± 23.33 IU/L among smokers and 55.11 ± 27.85 IU/L among non-smokers (P = 0.015). Conclusion: Significantly lower pH, BC and ALP levels were observed among smokers in comparison to a healthy control group. These salivary alterations could potentially be utilised as biochemical markers for the evaluation of oral tissue function and side-effects among smokers. Further longitudinal studies are recommended to evaluate the effects of smoking on salivary components.

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The buffer capacity and buffer systems of human whole saliva measured without loss of CO2

Cited by 215 publications

References 24 publications

Role of amylase, mucin, IgA and albumin on salivary protein buffering capacity: A pilot study

Role of amylase, mucin, IgA and albumin on salivary protein buffering capacity: A pilot study

A nocturnal decline of salivary pH associated with airway hyperresponsiveness in asthma

Comparison of Salivary pH, Buffering Capacity and Alkaline Phosphatase in Smokers and Healthy Non-Smokers: Retrospective cohort study

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