The BROWSE model for predicting exposures of residents and bystanders to agricultural use of plant protection products: An overview

Ellis, M. C. B.; Zande, J.C. van de; Berg, F. van den; Kennedy, Marc C.; O'Sullivan, C. M.; Jacobs, C.M.J.; Fragkoulis, Georgios; Spanoghe, Pieter; Gerritsen-Ebben, Rianda; Frewer, Lynn J.; Charistou, Agathi

doi:10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2016.08.017

Cited by 23 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 18 publications

(12 reference statements)

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“…Además de la reducción del riesgo de contaminación por plaguicidas en aquellas poblaciones potencialmente expuestas (Eyhorn et al, 2015). Una forma de estimar la dispersión de los plaguicidas es la implementación y validación de modelos empíricos de su dispersión, que estimen la distancia hasta la que pueden llegar sus residuos, así como su concentración (Alavanja et al 2002, Donatelli et al 2009, Nuyttens et al 2010, Fritz et al 2011, Butler-Ellis et al 2016. Estos modelos podrían ser realizados por los propios agricultores tomando en cuenta el plaguicida que se aplica por aspersión, el cultivo, las características de los equipos aspersores y datos climatológicos relevantes para la dispersión del plaguicida tales como la temperatura, la humedad y los vientos, entre otros.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

“…Estos se dispersan en el ambiente y afectan la salud de los trabajadores agrícolas que no utilizan equipo de protección, se acumulan en los suelos y aguas superficiales y son transportados por el aire a otros sitios en función de las condiciones atmosféricas. Los plaguicidas aplicados por fumigaciones aéreas pueden ser arrastrados por el viento a varios kilómetros de distancia del área donde se aplican (Fritz et al 2011, Butler-Ellis et al 2016. Además, otras sustancias en la formulación pueden tener potencial tóxico y acarrear un riesgo adicional a humanos y al ambiente (Harsimran y Harsh 2014).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

“…Adicionalmente, se ha comprobado que el riesgo de exposición en el ambiente por la dispersión de estos compuestos depende principalmente del tipo y cantidad de plaguicida asperjado, la altura del cultivo y la forma de aplicación, así como las condiciones atmosféricas, los equipos de aspersión y la velocidad con que se aplica (USEPA 1997, Hewitt 2002, Nuyttens et al 2010, Fritz et al 2011, Butler-Ellis et al 2016.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

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Plaguicidas Agricolas: Un Marco De Referencia Para Evaluar Riesgos a La Salud en Comunidades Rurales en El Estado De Sonora, México

Silveira-Gramont

Aldana-Madrid

Piri-Santana

et al. 2018

Rev. Int. Contam. Ambie.

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Palabras clave: agroquímicos, exposición pasiva, dispersión de residuos, localidades rurales RESUMENEn diferentes proyectos realizados en Sonora, México, se comprobó la presencia de contaminación por agroquímicos en trabajadores y habitantes de localidades rurales aledañas a campos de cultivo. Para evaluar el peligro que representa para la salud de los habitantes la exposición pasiva de dichos compuestos, se requiere información confiable y actualizada sobre cultivos sembrados y plagas, así como cantidades, dosis y formas de aplicación de los plaguicidas utilizados, especialmente aquellos con potencial de riesgo para la salud. En este trabajo se propone un marco de referencia que permita identificar la información con que se cuenta a nivel local, como lo es el Distrito de Desarrollo Rural (DDR) 144-Hermosillo sobre cultivos y sus plagas, además de la intensidad y frecuencia de aplicación de plaguicidas por aspersión. En el periodo 2010 a 2014, nueve cultivos ocupaban el 80 % de la superficie sembrada en el DDR 144 Hermosillo y podían emplear 24 productos agroquímicos aplicados por aspersión. De éstos, los insecticidas organofosforados y herbicidas llegan a aplicarse de 16 a 211 t en 72 500 ha en una temporada, varios de estos plaguicidas son moderadamente persistentes en el ambiente y se consideran con efectos adversos a la salud por organizaciones nacionales e internacionales. Se concluye que en los predios agrícolas se asperjan suficientes cantidades de plaguicidas peligrosos, que pueden afectar la salud de los habitantes de localidades cercanas.Key words: agrochemicals, passive exposition, residue dispersion, rural communities Rev. Int. Contam. Ambie. 34 (1) 7-21, 2018 DOI: 10.20937/RICA.2018.34.01.01 M.I. Silveira-Gramont et al. 8ABSTRACT Different research projects in Sonora, Mexico, have proven contamination from pesticides in workers and locals living in communities near agricultural fields. To evaluate the health hazards from passive exposition of their inhabitants to such compounds, it is required reliable and updated information on the crops sown, their pests, as well as pesticide amounts, doses and forms of application, especially of agrochemicals that pose health risk potential. This work proposes a reference frame to identify the required information at a local level such as the Rural Development District (RDD) 144 Hermosillo, on crops, pests, besides the intensity and frequency of the application of pesticides by spraying. In the period from 2010 to 2014, nine crops occupied 72 500 ha (80 %) of the sown area in RDD Hermosillo, and could employ 24 most frequent agrochemical products applied by spray. Of those organophosphate insecticides and herbicides, 16 and 211 t were applied over 72 500 ha in one season. Several of these pesticides are moderately persistent in the environment and they are considered with adverse health effects by national and international organizations. It is concluded that in agricultural fields, enough quantities of hazardous pesticides are sprayed, which might possibly af...

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Section: Discussionunclassified

Section: Introductionunclassified

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Plaguicidas Agricolas: Un Marco De Referencia Para Evaluar Riesgos a La Salud en Comunidades Rurales en El Estado De Sonora, México

Silveira-Gramont

Aldana-Madrid

Piri-Santana

et al. 2018

Rev. Int. Contam. Ambie.

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“…Two alternative non-dietary models were run in separate analyses. In the main analysis, the independent software developed in the EU FP7 Browse project (Butler Ellis et al 2017, www.browseproject.eu) was used to generate non-dietary exposures for the relevant population. In a second analysis, the Bream2 model (Butler Ellis et al 2018) was modified to quantify variability and uncertainty of residential exposures within the population.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modelling aggregate exposure to pesticides from dietary and crop spray sources in UK residents

Kennedy

Garthwaite

Boer

et al. 2019

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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Human exposure to pesticide mixtures can occur from the diet and other sources. Realistic exposure and risk assessments should include multiple sources and compounds and include the relative hazards of the different compounds. The EU-funded Euromix project is developing new web-based tools to facilitate these calculations. A case study is presented that exemplifies their use for a population of UK residents, including exposure from crop-spraying. A UK pesticide usage survey provided information on real pesticide combinations applied to crops of wheat, potatoes, sugar beet and dessert apples. This information was combined with outputs from two alternative simulation models of spray drift to estimate dermal, oral and inhalation exposures of residents. These non-dietary exposures were combined with dietary exposure estimates using the Monte Carlo Risk Assessment software to produce a distribution of aggregated and cumulative exposures. Compounds are weighted by relative potency to generate a measure of overall risk. Uncertainty quantification was also included in the distribution of exposures. These tools are flexible to allow diverse sources of exposure and can provide important information to decision-makers and help to prioritise testing of pesticide mixtures. Including non-dietary sources changed the prioritisation of pesticide mixtures, when compared to dietary exposure alone. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1007/s11356-019-04440-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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“…Development of models for aerial transport and exposure to pesticides is still restricted by data availability. For example, the best data available whilst developing the airborne spray component of the BROWSE’s orchard model did not give sufficient confidence in quantifying spray drift under different meteorological conditions and at different distances of exposure, implying that further experimental data are needed (Butler Ellis et al 2017). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

How does exposure to pesticides vary in space and time for residents living near to treated orchards?

Wong

Garthwaite

Ramwell

et al. 2017

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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This study investigated changes over 25 years (1987–2012) in pesticide usage in orchards in England and Wales and associated changes to exposure and risk for resident pregnant women living 100 and 1000 m downwind of treated areas. A model was developed to estimate aggregated daily exposure to pesticides via inhaled vapour and indirect dermal contact with contaminated ground, whilst risk was expressed as a hazard quotient (HQ) based on estimated exposure and the no observed (adverse) effect level for reproductive and developmental effects. Results show the largest changes occurred between 1987 and 1996 with total pesticide usage reduced by ca. 25%, exposure per unit of pesticide applied slightly increased, and a reduction in risk per unit exposure by factors of 1.3 to 3. Thereafter, there were no consistent changes in use between 1996 and 2012, with an increase in number of applications to each crop balanced by a decrease in average application rate. Exposure per unit of pesticide applied decreased consistently over this period such that values in 2012 for this metric were 48–65% of those in 1987, and there were further smaller decreases in risk per unit exposure. All aggregated hazard quotients were two to three orders of magnitude smaller than one, despite the inherent simplifications of assuming co-occurrence of exposure to all pesticides and additivity of effects. Hazard quotients at 1000 m were 5 to 16 times smaller than those at 100 m. There were clear signals of the impact of regulatory intervention in improving the fate and hazard profiles of pesticides used in orchards in England and Wales over the period investigated.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1007/s11356-017-0064-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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The BROWSE model for predicting exposures of residents and bystanders to agricultural use of plant protection products: An overview

Abstract: This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International licence Newcastle University ePrints -eprint.ncl.ac.uk

Cited by 23 publications

References 18 publications

Plaguicidas Agricolas: Un Marco De Referencia Para Evaluar Riesgos a La Salud en Comunidades Rurales en El Estado De Sonora, México

Plaguicidas Agricolas: Un Marco De Referencia Para Evaluar Riesgos a La Salud en Comunidades Rurales en El Estado De Sonora, México

Modelling aggregate exposure to pesticides from dietary and crop spray sources in UK residents

How does exposure to pesticides vary in space and time for residents living near to treated orchards?

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