The brown seaweed Sargassum hemiphyllum exhibits α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitory activity and enhances insulin release in vitro

Abstract

Diabetes is one of the most prevalent chronic diseases globally. In this study, major polyphenols (17.35 ± 0.93-36.66 ± 2.01 mg/g) and minor fucoxanthin (non detected 15.12 ± 0.09 mg/g) were isolated from water, ethanol, and acetone extracts (WES, EES, and AES, respectively) of Sargassum hemiphyllum. Inhibition of α-amylase, α-glucosidase, sucrose, and maltase activities and stimulation of insulin secretion was greater with AES than with WES or EES and correlated with polyphenol and fucoxanthin concentrations in extracts. Moreover, 250 μg/ml EES and AES significantly increased insulin secretion in the presence of 25 mg/ml glibenclamide to higher levels than those obtained with 50 mg/ml glibenclamide. None of the extracts exhibited cytotoxicity, exacerbated the side effects of glibenclamide, or inhibited glibenclamide-induced insulin secretion. These results suggested that the S. hemiphyllum extracts WES, EES, and AES could be used as pharmaceuticals and functional foods to reduce dosages of synthetic diabetes drugs.

Effects of Low-Molecular-Weight Fucoidan and High Stability Fucoxanthin on Glucose Homeostasis, Lipid Metabolism, and Liver Function in a Mouse Model of Type II Diabetes

“…LMF was obtained as has been previously described [27]. Briefly, 10 g of dried S. hemiphyllum was treated with 500 mL of distilled water and boiled at 100 °C for 30 min.…”

Rhubarb Extract's Inhibiting Effects on α-Glucosidase's Activities in the Small Intestines of Type 1 Diabetic Rats

“…So, it has a positive effect on the prevention and treatment of diabetes. Existing studies have researched Tinospora crispa leaf, Stenochlaena palustris, hemiphyllum and the activities of α-glucosidase with inhibiting effects serving as a hint (1)(2)(3).…”

Fatty acid composition, enzyme inhibitory, and antioxidant activities of the ethanol extracts of selected wild edible plants consumed as vegetables in the Aegean region of Turkey

“…The same authority claimed that this number is expected to grow to 438 million by 2030. [11,12] α-Glucosidase and α-amylase inhibitory agents such as acarbose can help to slow down the digestion of carbohydrates and thus reduce the blood glucose concentration. [11,13] Synthetic α-glucosidase and α-amylase inhibitors may cause several side effects such as abdominal distention, flatulence, meteorism, hypoglycemia, and cholestasis.…”

“…[11,12] α-Glucosidase and α-amylase inhibitory agents such as acarbose can help to slow down the digestion of carbohydrates and thus reduce the blood glucose concentration. [11,13] Synthetic α-glucosidase and α-amylase inhibitors may cause several side effects such as abdominal distention, flatulence, meteorism, hypoglycemia, and cholestasis. [14] Therefore, it is essential to find new and alternative natural agents having no or fewer side effects to reduce the blood glucose level effectively.…”

“…[14] Therefore, it is essential to find new and alternative natural agents having no or fewer side effects to reduce the blood glucose level effectively. [11] The aim of this study was to evaluate the fatty acid composition, enzyme inhibitory and antioxidant activities of the ethanol extracts of Anethum graveolens L., Petroselinum crispum (Mill.) Fuss., Opopanax hispidus (Friv.)…”