The British Lower Palaeolithic of the early Middle Pleistocene

Hosfield, Robert

doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2010.02.026

Cited by 38 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 98 publications

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“…Our sample covers 10 sites and several hundred thousand years of Pleistocene time -see Table 1 and Figure 5. The British Middle Pleistocene was chosen because it currently represents one of the best dated and chronostratigraphically well constrained sequences in north-western Europe (Hosfield, 2011, McNabb, 2007. Handaxe assemblages were chosen because of their appropriate size or site character (e.g.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

From side to side: Symmetry in handaxes in the British Lower and Middle Palaeolithic

McNabb

Cole

Hoggard

2018

Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports

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The Acheulean is defined by its iconic tool type, the handaxe, and a suite of other large cutting tools (LCTs). These tools retain information on technical and procedural practices concerned with the manufacture of these butchery tools and carcass processing knives. The Acheulean straddles the period in which more ancient hominin species (H. erectus and H. heidelbergensis) give way to archaic H. sapiens (sensu lato) amongst whom the ancestor of modern humans may be found. The roots of modern behaviour may be present in these handaxe making hominin species, and the handaxes themselves, through proxy data such as bilateral symmetry, may chart hominin cognitive evolution as researchers such as T. Wynn and F. Coolidge (2016), amongst others, have argued. But the search for the earliest consistent application of symmetry, and its persistence thereafter has been hampered by the lack of large datasets, spanning the temporal extent of the Acheulean, and analysed through a single consistent methodology.Our paper has two aims. The first, and in the absence of a large comparative data set of earlier Acheulean handaxes, is to assess the degree to which symmetry is consistently applied to the making of handaxes in the later Acheulean (=<0.5 mya), a time when bilateral planform symmetry should already be an integral component in handaxe making. The dataset we select is the British Acheulean from MIS 13 -MIS 3/4. To the best of our knowledge this is the first time handaxe symmetry has been assessed on a large body of British Acheulean handaxes. Our second aim is to present a relatively simple and low tech methodology for the analysis of handaxes

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

From side to side: Symmetry in handaxes in the British Lower and Middle Palaeolithic

McNabb

Cole

Hoggard

2018

Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports

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“…For the post‐Cromerian Complex Lower Palaeolithic, the records from both sides of the English Channel give a comparable signal, with sites in a wide range of environmental contexts, both temperate and considerably cooler settings and dominated by Acheulean technology (Roebroeks et al ., 1992; Tuffreau et al ., 2008; Hosfield, 2011). Climatological tolerance seems to increase during the Middle Palaeolithic (starting around MIS 9‐8; see Scott and Ashton, 2011) in the UK and on the continent.…”

Section: The Wider Setting: the Pleistocene Occupation History Of Nw mentioning

confidence: 99%

Tuning the Acid/Metal Balance of Carbon Nanofiber‐Supported Nickel Catalysts for Hydrolytic Hydrogenation of Cellulose

et al. 2012

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Carbon nanofibers (CNFs) are a class of graphitic support materials with considerable potential for catalytic conversion of biomass. Earlier, we demonstrated the hydrolytic hydrogenation of cellulose over reshaped nickel particles attached at the tip of CNFs. The aim of this follow-up study was to find a relationship between the acid/metal balance of the Ni/CNFs and their performance in the catalytic conversion of cellulose. After oxidation and incipient wetness impregnation with Ni, the Ni/CNFs were characterized by various analytical methods. To prepare a selective Ni/CNF catalyst, the influences of the nature of oxidation agent, Ni activation, and Ni loading were investigated. Under the applied reaction conditions, the best result, that is, 76 % yield in hexitols with 69 % sorbitol selectivity at 93 % conversion of cellulose, was obtained on a 7.5 wt % Ni/CNF catalyst prepared by chemical vapor deposition of CH(4) on a Ni/γ-Al(2)O(3) catalyst, followed by oxidation in HNO(3) (twice for 1 h at 383 K), incipient wetness impregnation, and reduction at 773 K under H(2). This preparation method leads to a properly balanced Ni/CNF catalyst in terms of Ni dispersion and hydrogenation capacity on the one hand, and the number of acidic surface-oxygen groups responsible for the acid-catalyzed hydrolysis on the other.

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“…Evidence has been found of horses present in Britain as early as the Middle Pleistocene, but horse and human populations seem to have become established following the last ice age during the middle Devensian period (Currant & Jacobi, 2001;Hosfield, 2011;Schreve, 2001 North Wales (Winton et al, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic diversity within and between British and Irish breeds: The maternal and paternal history of native ponies

Winton

McMahon

Hegarty

et al. 2020

Ecology and Evolution

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The UK and Ireland have many native pony breeds with historical and cultural importance as well as being a source of uncharacterized genetic diversity. However, there is a lack of comprehensive research investigating their genetic diversity and phylogenetic interrelationships. Many studies contain a limited number of pony breeds or small sample sizes for these breeds. This may result in erroneous grouping of pony breeds that otherwise have intricate interrelationships with each other and are not evaluated correctly when placed as a token subset of a larger dataset. This is the first study that specifically investigates the genetic diversity within and between British and Irish native pony breeds using large sample numbers from locations of their native origin. This study used a panel of microsatellite markers and sequence analysis of the mitochondrial control region to analyze the genetic diversity within and between 11 pony breeds from Britain and Ireland. A large dataset was collected (a total of 485 animals were used for mtDNA analysis and 450 for microsatellite analysis), and previously published data were used to place the British and Irish ponies in a global context. The native ponies of Britain and Ireland were found to have had a complex history, and the interrelationships between the breeds were revealed. Overall, high levels of genetic diversity were maintained in native breeds, although some reduction was evident in small or isolated populations (Shetland, Carneddau, and Section C). Unusual mitochondrial diversity distribution patterns were apparent for the Carneddau and Dartmoor, although among breeds and global haplogroups there was a high degree of haplotype sharing evident, well‐represented within British and Irish ponies. Ancestral maternal diversity was maintained by most populations, particularly the Fells and Welsh ponies, which exhibited rare and ancient lineages. The maternal and paternal histories of the breeds are distinct, with male‐biased crossings between native breeds, and other shared influences, likely Arabs and Thoroughbreds, are apparent. The data generated herein provide valuable information to guide and implement the conservation of increasingly rare native genetic resources.

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The British Lower Palaeolithic of the early Middle Pleistocene

Cited by 38 publications

References 98 publications

From side to side: Symmetry in handaxes in the British Lower and Middle Palaeolithic

From side to side: Symmetry in handaxes in the British Lower and Middle Palaeolithic

Tuning the Acid/Metal Balance of Carbon Nanofiber‐Supported Nickel Catalysts for Hydrolytic Hydrogenation of Cellulose

Genetic diversity within and between British and Irish breeds: The maternal and paternal history of native ponies

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