The brewing value of Amarillo hops (<i>Humulus lupulus</i>
 L.) grown in northwestern USA: A preliminary study of terroir significance

Holle, Ann Van; Landschoot, Anita Van; Roldán‐Ruiz, Isabel; Naudts, Dirk; Keukeleire, Denis De

doi:10.1002/jib.433

Cited by 41 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…A study related to the terroir of the cv. Amarillo, showed differences in the bitter acids content, and the Washington samples had higher values of α‐acids if compared to the sample from Idaho.…”

Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 99%

“…Selinene molecules cause a grassy aroma, geraniol instead gives floral notes . Differences in aroma compounds were also found by Van Holle et al . in Amarillo cultivar in northwestern USA.…”

Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 73%

“…Selinene molecules cause a grassy aroma, geraniol instead gives floral notes. 31 Differences in aroma compounds were also found by Van Holle et al 18 in Amarillo cultivar in northwestern USA. The Authors concluded that it is important to know the terroir in which a given hop is grown to obtain the desired hoppy aroma in brewing.…”

supporting

confidence: 58%

“…A study related to the terroir of the cv. Amarillo, 18 showed differences in the bitter acids content, and the Washington samples had higher values of -acids if compared to the sample from Idaho. Comparing USA1 sample with German and Slovenian Cascade samples, -acids are significantly higher in USA1 than in Cascade from Slovenia (31.6 ± 0.4 g kg −1 ), whereas German Cascade showed similar -acids content ( Table 4).…”

Section: Hplc Analysismentioning

confidence: 84%

“…Differences in hops characters connected to the growing areas had already been observed by Stenroos and Siebert, in 1984, 16 in a study focused on hops varietal identification; they studied the aromatic profile of 148 hop varieties from Europe and North America, and from data analysis they found varietal, but also regional correlations. More recent research in different countries was carried out to verify and understand the possible changes in hop varieties aroma, [17][18][19] but also to valorize a particular region of production. 20 Green 17 compared different fine aroma hops from Europe with the same culivars grown in the United States and Australia.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Changes in chemical profile of Cascade hop cones according to the growing area

et al. 2019

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BACKGROUND The growing area has a substantial effect on plants, affecting secondary metabolism. For hops, different authors have studied the effect of growing area on the chemical composition of cones with the aim of verifying and understanding the changes in hop characters. Despite the scant literature the subject receives increasing attention by brewers and hop growers. The present study aimed to characterize, using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS), and high‐performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detection (HPLC‐UV), cones of hop (Humulus lupulus L.) cultivar Cascade. Plant material was obtained from nine different areas of Italy and compared with Cascade samples grown in the United States, Germany and Slovenia. RESULTS Differences in bitter acids and xanthohumol content were observed. Nevertheless, no correlation between bitter acids and xanthohumol production, on the one hand, and rainfall, temperatures and latitude, on the other hand, were observed in our samples. The Slovenia samples were richer in molecules that confer hoppy, woody and flower notes; USA2 samples were more characterized by woody, earthy, grassy and floral aroma, quite different characters if compared to USA1, which had the lowest presence of grassy aromatic compounds. In the Italian samples, TRENTINO was the genotype most characterized by limonene presence. CONCLUSION The results of this study are indicative of the importance for hop users to know and characterize hops coming from different growing regions. The study pays special attention to the characterization of the differences in chemical characters of Cascade hop in Italy, where hop cultivation has developed only recently, but is in continuous expansion. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry

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Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 73%

supporting

confidence: 58%

Section: Hplc Analysismentioning

confidence: 84%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Changes in chemical profile of Cascade hop cones according to the growing area

et al. 2019

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Relevance of hop terroir for beer flavour

et al. 2021

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Not only variety but also terroir may have a significant impact on the biochemical and brewing characteristics of hops and, consequently, on the resulting beer flavour profile. To date, in contrast to variety‐specific effects, comprehensive research data on the impact of terroir on hop brewing characteristics are limited. Therefore, the relevance of hop terroir was further explored with three industrially important hop varieties by examining the consequences of terroir‐driven variations in hop characteristics on the sensory attributes and qualities of beer. Eight single‐hop beers were produced with T90 hop pellets from distinct cultivation regions worldwide: (i) Amarillo hops grown in Germany, Idaho, or Washington, (ii) Cascade hops grown in Australia, Germany, or Washington, and (iii) Centennial hops grown in Belgium or Washington. Clear biochemical and sensory differences were found between single‐hop beers produced with hop pellets of the same variety cultivated in distinct geographical regions. It was confirmed that terroir‐related characteristics of hop batches affect the sensory attributes of beer and that the effects are variety dependent. These insights may allow brewers to account for the impact of hop terroir on the consistency and the quality of their beers, while it may open perspectives for subtle diversification in beer flavour profiles. Additional research should further unravel the link between terroir‐related hop characteristics and the hoppy aroma and flavour of the resulting beers. © 2021 The Institute of Brewing & Distilling

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Environmental and agronomic factors that impact the regional identity of Cascade and Mosaic® hops grown in the Pacific Northwest

Féchir

Gallagher²,

Weaver

et al. 2023

J Sci Food Agric

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BACKGROUND Regional identity is a well‐established concept of economic interest that has been identified as a source of unique quality traits of various agricultural products originating from a specific region. In the context of hops, the exploration of regional identity is still at a very early stage despite an increasing global demand for specialized aroma hops to enable more product diversity, especially in the growing craft beer industry. Thus, we conducted a large‐scale investigation characterizing the growing environments of Cascade and Mosaic® hops at 39 field locations throughout two important valleys in the Pacific Northwest region of the United States to identify factors that significantly impact hop characteristics and to better understand how these impact hop regional identity. RESULTS The Willamette Valley (Oregon) and the Yakima Valley (Washington) have distinctly different soil characteristics, soil chemistry, and climate. In turn, growers in these two regions apply unique agronomic practices in response to these differences. This investigation also revealed significant subregional differences in growing environment within each of these two valleys. Multivariate statistics, correlation, and regression analysis identified a number of environmental and agronomic factors like soil pH, the concentration of zinc, sulfur, and manganese in the soil, and the amount of applied zinc fertilization, which exhibited strong positive or negative correlations with specific hop quality traits depending on the hop variety, primarily in Oregon. CONCLUSION This study provides new insights into understanding hop regional identity and represents an important step towards fully utilizing this effect. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.

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The brewing value of Amarillo hops (Humulus lupulus L.) grown in northwestern USA: A preliminary study of terroir significance

Cited by 41 publications

References 9 publications

Changes in chemical profile of Cascade hop cones according to the growing area

Changes in chemical profile of Cascade hop cones according to the growing area

Relevance of hop terroir for beer flavour

Environmental and agronomic factors that impact the regional identity of Cascade and Mosaic® hops grown in the Pacific Northwest

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