The Blood Supply of Malignant Pulmonary Neoplasms

The “Effective” Pulmonary Collateral Blood Flow in Man1

“…Thus, although anatomists have repeatedly demonstrated a systemic arterial blood supply to primary carcinomas of the lung (35), the present studies failed to demonstrate an "effective" collateral blood flow to the lung containing the tumor. This discrepancy may be resolved on the ground that the blood supply to the tumor is either exceedingly small or else does not participate in gas exchange, thereby escaping detection by the Fick principle.…”

“…Of particular interest with respect to the pathogenesis of clubbed digits is the large ''effective" collateral blood flow in the subject with long-standing, idiopathic clubbing of the fingers and toes (35). However, interpretation here is tempered by: 1) the absence of "effective" collateral blood flow in other subjects with clubbed digits (Table I); 2) the lack of anatomic basis for an extensive collateral circulation in idiopathic clubbing; and 3) the inability to define the "ineffective" component of collateral blood flow by the Fick principle.…”

Vascular Caliber

“…The anatomical growth of collaterals has been attributed variously to the pressure drop or flow rate across the collateral bed ]44-46], wall tension (tangential wall stress) [15], blood velocity [1,47,48], relative hypoxia, or local concentrations of catabolites [4,5,49,50]. However, collateral growth continues for a much longer time than the operation of any of these factors (511.…”

“…The specialized vascular segments that form the heart chambers, together with their valves and orifices, also grow with the individual [2,3], and probably shrink to some extent in invalidism or senescence. Even the growth of tumors is associated with the rapid appearance of arteries and veins in numbers and calibers sufficient to supply the mass of neoplastic tissue [4,5], Vascular changes associated with body growth or decline have received little analysis, perhaps because they are ordinarily so gradual as to be almost imperceptible, and because they have long been considered to be 'normal' responses, preordained by the genetic memory and by 'develop mental' processes. Yet the genetic memory (DNA) is programmed only for the synthesis of proteins.…”

<i>In Vivo</i> and Electron Microscopic Study of Vessels in a Haemangiopericytoma of the Hamster

“…Scirrhous deposits he found showed a narrow angled branching with parallel vessels similar to that seen in dense fibrous tissue. Although Wright found profuse bronchial blood supply to primary bronchial tumours and contended that the supply of metastases in the lungs was similar, and Cudkowicz and Armstrong (1953) (7) verified that the blood supply to primary bronchial tumours was from the bronchial system, they did not find corresponding changes in the bronchial arteries when blood supply to metastatic deposits was examined. It has been shown by injection techniques (27,16) and in vivo microscopy (12,3,26) that there are differences in the intrinsic vascular pattern from one type of tumour to another.…”