The blood groups of Icelanders

Bjarnason, O; Bjarnason, V.; Edwards, J. H.; Fridriksson, Sturla; Magnússon, Magnús K.; Mourant, A. E.; Tills, D.

doi:10.1111/j.1469-1809.1973.tb00606.x

Cited by 56 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…These findings were reinforced by the observation that the proportion of blood group O in Iceland is similar to that found in Ireland and Scotland, but significantly higher than that found in Nor way [21]. Although the validity of ABO blood group gene frequencies for estimating the Icelandic admixture has since been questioned [22,23] More direct links between an ancient founder popula tion and a contemporary people may be established by the identification of highly specific genetic markers, such as recessive disease mutations [24], In this study, we have identified and characterized 9 different mutations re sponsible for PKU in Iceland.…”

Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 71%

A Molecular Survey of Phenylketonuria in Iceland: Identification of a Founding Mutation and Evidence of Predominant Norse Settlement

Guldberg¹,

Zschocke²,

Dagbjartsson³

et al. 1997

Eur J Hum Genet

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Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 71%

A Molecular Survey of Phenylketonuria in Iceland: Identification of a Founding Mutation and Evidence of Predominant Norse Settlement

Guldberg¹,

Zschocke²,

Dagbjartsson³

et al. 1997

Eur J Hum Genet

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“…Previous studies of the relative genetic heterogeneity of Icelanders have focussed principally on variation at HVS1 of the mtDNA control region, and at a small number of classical genetic polymorphisms (Bjarnason et al 1973, Helgason et al 2000a and references therein). Arnason (2003) recently pointed out that there were errors in a public database from which 33 Danish sequences were obtained for the comparative study in Helgason et al (2000a).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Reassessment of Genetic Diversity in Icelanders: Strong Evidence from Multiple Loci for Relative Homogeneity Caused by Genetic Drift

Helgason

Nicholson

Stefánsson

et al. 2003

Annals of Human Genetics

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SummaryThere has been some controversy in the literature concerning whether Icelanders are genetically homogenous or heterogeneous relative to other European populations. We reassess this question in the light of large data sets spanning 83 autosomal SNP loci, 14 serogenetic loci, 6622 Y-chromosomes and 3214 sequences from mtDNA hypervariable segments 1 and 2 (HVS1 and HVS2). Our results strongly support the hypothesis that genetic drift, with a consequent loss of variation, has had a greater impact on Icelanders than most other Europeans. We also analyse 7245 HVS1 sequences from 25 European populations. In line with other studies, we observe a deficit of rare HVS1 haplotypes and an excess of intermediate frequency haplotypes in Icelanders compared to most European populations, with some measures of genetic diversity indicating relative heterogeneity and others indicating relative homogeneity of Icelanders. Simulations indicate that genetic drift, and not admixture (as proposed byÁrnason , 2003) is the most likely cause of the atypical Icelandic HVS1 frequency spectrum. These simulations reveal that gene diversity (heterozygosity) and mean pairwise differences are largely insensitive to events in recent population history, while statistics based on the number of haplotypes or segregating sites are much more sensitive. Overall, our analyses strongly indicate that the Icelandic gene pool is less heterogeneous than those of most other European populations.

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“…The microdifferentiation existing among the American Indian has long been a subject of study and debate by researchers working in human popula tion genetics and anthropology, the reason being that the American Indian offers opportunities for the study of human evolution which are difficult to find elsewhere [9], Though still controversial, the date and place of arrival of the American Indian to the American continent has an accuracy not comparable with other living human populations, with the possible exceptions of the Austra-Iian aborigines [9] and the Icelanders [5]. The entering to the American con tinent through the land bridge (presently, the Bering Strait) into Alaska has been estimated as early as 30,000 or as late as 15,000 years ago [6], Archeo logical estimates also range between 20,000 and 40,000 years [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic Distance Analysis of Twenty-Two South American Indian Populations

Blanco

Chakraborty

1975

Hum Hered

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Extent of genic variability among 22 tribal groups of South American Indians in terms of net codon differences per locus has been studied on the basis of determinations on ten genetic systems. The possibility of more than one (other than the north-south route, considered by others) migrational pattern is discussed in the light of the existing genetic variability among the Andean highland and the jungle populations. Genic similarities (as measured by gene identity) are related with geographic proximities which reflect the importance of random genetic drift in creating the present genic divergence among these population groups. Although the materials used in this paper form probably only a non-random sample of structural genome, intralocus variance (sampling) is found to contribute only a little in the variabilities of heterozygosity or genetic distance.

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The blood groups of Icelanders

Cited by 56 publications

References 21 publications

A Molecular Survey of Phenylketonuria in Iceland: Identification of a Founding Mutation and Evidence of Predominant Norse Settlement

A Molecular Survey of Phenylketonuria in Iceland: Identification of a Founding Mutation and Evidence of Predominant Norse Settlement

A Reassessment of Genetic Diversity in Icelanders: Strong Evidence from Multiple Loci for Relative Homogeneity Caused by Genetic Drift

Genetic Distance Analysis of Twenty-Two South American Indian Populations

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