The Blocking and Deblocking Effects of Alternating Currents on Nerve

Rosenblueth, A.; Reboul, Jérôme

doi:10.1152/ajplegacy.1939.125.2.251

Cited by 43 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…This study and our previous studies (Tai et al 2005a, 2005b) using the unmyelinated axonal model (Hodgkin–Huxley model) have successfully predicted the minimal blocking frequency (5 kHz) (Bowman and McNeal 1986; Reboul and Rosenblueth 1939; Rosenblueth and Reboul 1939). However, the peak block threshold frequencies (12–15 kHz) discovered recently in unmyelinated axons of sea-slugs and frogs (Joseph and Butera 2009, 2011) can only be observed in this simulation study using non-symmetric waveforms with a positive pulse 0.4 or 0.8 µs longer than the negative pulse (Fig.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 59%

“…It has been known for about 80 years that high-frequency biphasic stimulation can block conduction of myelinated axons at a minimal frequency of approximately 5 kHz (Cattell and Gerard 1935; Reboul and Rosenblueth 1939; Rosenblueth and Reboul 1939). Recently this nerve block method has been applied to treat obesity (Camilleri et al 2009; Wattaja et al 2011), block chronic pain of peripheral origin (Cuellar et al 2013; van Buyten et al 2013), or restore urinary function after spinal cord injury (Gaunt and Prochazka 2009; Tai et al 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Effect of non-symmetric waveform on conduction block induced by high-frequency (kHz) biphasic stimulation in unmyelinated axon

et al. 2014

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The effect of a non-symmetric waveform on nerve conduction block induced by high-frequency biphasic stimulation is investigated using a lumped circuit model of the unmyelinated axon based on Hodgkin-Huxley equations. The simulation results reveal that the block threshold monotonically increases with the stimulation frequency for the symmetric stimulation waveform. However, a non-monotonic relationship between block threshold and stimulation frequency is observed when the stimulation waveform is non-symmetric. Constant activation of potassium channels by the high-frequency stimulation results in the increase of block threshold with increasing frequency. The non-symmetric waveform with a positive pulse 0.4–0.8 µs longer than the negative pulse blocks axonal conduction by hyperpolarizing the membrane and causes a decrease in block threshold as the frequency increases above 12–16 kHz. On the other hand, the non-symmetric waveform with a negative pulse 0.4–0.8 µs longer than the positive pulse blocks axonal conduction by depolarizing the membrane and causes a decrease in block threshold as the frequency increases above 40–53 kHz. This simulation study is important for understanding the potential mechanisms underlying the nerve block observed in animal studies, and may also help to design new animal experiments to further improve the nerve block method for clinical applications.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 59%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of non-symmetric waveform on conduction block induced by high-frequency (kHz) biphasic stimulation in unmyelinated axon

et al. 2014

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…This nerve blocking mechanism has the potential to eliminate the action potentials elicited at the beginning of blocking stimulation at relatively higher frequencies (>30 kHz) ). This study and our previous studies [7] [18] using an unmyelinated axonal model (Hodgkin-Huxley model) have successfully predicted not only the minimal blocking frequency (5 kHz) [12][13] [19]- [21] but also the frequencies (13)(14)(15)(16) where the block threshold starts decreasing [12] [13]. These results indicate that the kinetics of ion channel gating plays a major role in the conduction block induced by high-frequency biphasic electrical current.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 71%

“…This sodium and potassium channel deactivation mechanism is responsible for the monotonic decrease in block threshold (Figs.2-7). These ion channel kinetic mechanisms are supported by evidence from animal studies that the minimal blocking frequency is about 4 kHz Reboul and Rosenblueth 1939;Rosenblueth and Reboul 1939) and that the block threshold monotonically increases in the frequency range of 4-50 kHz Graunt and Prochazka 2009;Joseph and Butera 2011).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 79%

An Implantable Neuroprosthetic Device to Normalize Bladder Function after SCI

Tai¹

2012

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Public reporting burden for this collection of information is estimated to average 1 hour per response, including the time for reviewing instructions, searching existing data sources, gathering and maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing this collection of information. Send comments regarding this burden estimate or any other aspect of this collection of information, including suggestions for reducing this burden to Department of Defense, Washington Headquarters Services, Directorate for Information Operations and Reports (0704-0188), 1215 Jefferson Davis Highway, Suite 1204, Arlington, VA 22202-4302. Respondents should be aware that notwithstanding any other provision of law, no person shall be subject to any penalty for failing to comply with a collection of information if it does not display a currently valid OMB control number. PLEASE DO NOT RETURN YOUR FORM TO THE ABOVE ADDRESS. REPORT DATE October 2012 REPORT TYPE Annual rep ort DATES COVERED September 2011-21 September 2012 TITLE AND SUBTITLEAn Implantable Neuroprosthetic Device to Normalize Bladder Function after SCI 5a. CONTRACT NUMBER 5b. GRANT NUMBER 5c. PROGRAM ELEMENT NUMBER AUTHOR(S)Changfeng Tai, PhD 5d. PROJECT NUMBER 5e. TASK NUMBER E-Mail: cftai@pitt.edu 5f. WORK UNIT NUMBER PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES) 8. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION REPORT NUMBERUniversity of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh, PA 15213-3320 SPONSORING / MONITORING AGENCY NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES) 10. SPONSOR/MONITOR'S ACRONYM(S)U.S. Army Medical Research and Materiel Command Fort Detrick, Maryland 21702-5012 SPONSOR/MONITOR'S REPORT NUMBER(S) DISTRIBUTION / AVAILABILITY STATEMENTApproved for Public Release; Distribution Unlimited SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES ABSTRACTThe long-term goal of our project is to develop a novel neuroprosthetic device to restore the functions of the urinary bladder for SCI people without further damaging the nervous system. Advanced technologies in electrical and computer engineering will be applied to design the novel neuroprosthetic device. Based on our previous studies, we propose in this project to use pudendal nerve stimulation and blockade to restore both continence and micturition after SCI. Our strategy does not require sacral posterior root rhizotomy, preserves the spinal reflex functions of the bowel and sexual organs, and more importantly provides the opportunity for SCI people to benefit from any advance in neural regeneration and repair techniques in the future.During the last year, we have developed the first implantable stimulator and successfully tested it in both anesthetized animals and awake chronic spinal cord injured animals. Efficient voiding was induced by the implanted stimulator in awake chronic spinal cord injured animals. These results indicated that an implantable stimulator for pudendal nerve stimulation/blockade could be developed for human subjects to restore both continence and micturition functions after SCI. Page 4 SUBJECT TERMS IntroductionThe long-term goal of our project is to develop a novel neuroprost...

show abstract

“…It has been known for more than 60 years Rosenblueth and Reboul, 1939) that high-frequency biphasic current could block nerve conduction. However, the minimal stimulation frequency required to block nerves varied considerably from 10 kHz to as low as 1 kHz in reports from different investigators (Bhadra et al, 2006;Bhadra and Kilgore, 2005;Bowman and McNeal, 1986;Kilgore and Bhadra, 2004;Rehoul and Rosenblueth, 1939;Rosenblueth and Rehoul, 1939;Tai et al, 2004;2005c;Tanner, 1962;Williamson and Andrews, 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of frequency and temperature on the mechanisms of nerve conduction block induced by high-frequency biphasic electrical current

et al. 2007

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The influences of stimulation frequency and temperature on mechanisms of nerve conduction block induced by high-frequency biphasic electrical current were investigated using a lumped circuit model of the myelinated axon based on Schwarz and Eikhof (SE) equations. The simulation analysis showed that a temperature-frequency relationship was determined by the axonal membrane dynamics (i.e. how fast the ion channels can open or close.). At a certain temperature, the axonal conduction block always occurred when the period of biphasic stimulation was smaller than the action potential duration (APD). When the temperature decreased from 37°C to 15°C, the membrane dynamics slowed down resulting in an APD increase from 0.4 ms to 2.4 ms accompanied by a decrease in the minimal blocking frequency from 4 kHz to 0.5 kHz. The simulation results also indicated that as the stimulation frequency increased the mechanism of conduction block changed from a cathodal/anodal block to a block dependent upon continuous activation of potassium channels. Understanding the interaction between the minimal blocking frequency and temperature could promote a better understanding of the mechanisms of high frequency induced axonal conduction block and the clinical application of this method for blocking the nerve conduction.

show abstract

The Blocking and Deblocking Effects of Alternating Currents on Nerve

Cited by 43 publications

References 0 publications

Effect of non-symmetric waveform on conduction block induced by high-frequency (kHz) biphasic stimulation in unmyelinated axon

Effect of non-symmetric waveform on conduction block induced by high-frequency (kHz) biphasic stimulation in unmyelinated axon

An Implantable Neuroprosthetic Device to Normalize Bladder Function after SCI

Influence of frequency and temperature on the mechanisms of nerve conduction block induced by high-frequency biphasic electrical current

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About