The Black Box Orchestra of Gut Bacteria and Bile Acids: Who Is the Conductor?

Majait, Soumia; Nieuwdorp, Max; Kemper, E. Marleen; Soeters, Maarten R.

doi:10.3390/ijms24031816

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 90 publications

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“…Correlation analysis revealed a significant positive correlation between Lactobacillus and most of the differential bile acids and a significant negative correlation between Enterococcus and most of the differential bile acids. Accumulating evidence suggests that the gut microbiota play a crucial role in metabolic diseases by influencing the bile acid transformation process and altering the composition of bile acids, which control the growth and population of the gut microbiota and protect the integrity of the intestinal barrier ( Majait et al, 2023 ). Changes in bile acid profiles in feces are closely related to gut microbiota.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Screening for potential warning biomarkers in cows with ketosis based on host–microbiota co-metabolism analysis

Du,

Luo,

Huang

et al. 2024

Front. Microbiol.

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IntroductionThe risk of ketosis is assessed by monitoring changes in plasma metabolites and cow behavior during the peripartum period. However, little is known about changes in the fecal bile acid and microbiota of cows before parturition. Therefore, this study clarified the bile acid profile and screened potential warning biomarkers in heifers 7 days before calving.MethodsNinety healthy cows were tracked in the transition period, and plasma and feces were collected 7 days before calving, on calving day, and 7 days after calving. The cows were divided into ketosis and healthy groups based on the blood β-hydroxybutyric acid levels from day 7 after calving. The levels of serum biochemical indices were measured at three time points using commercial kits. Ten cows in the ketosis group (KET-7) and 10 healthy cows (HEA-7) were randomly selected 7 days before calving for metabolome and 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing.ResultsNo significant differences in serum energy-related indices were observed 7 days before calving. The major bile acids in the feces of the KET-7 group were non-conjugated secondary bile acids (UnconSBA). Differential bile acids were primarily derived from UnconSBA. The potential ketosis warning metabolite in feces for 7 days before delivery was isodeoxycholic acid. The abundance of Rikenellaaceae-RC9-gut-group in the KET-7 group increased, whereas the abundance of Oscillospiraceae UCG-010 bacteria significantly decreased. Lactobacillus and Prevotella-9 in feces were potential warning biomarkers for ketosis in dairy cows 7 days before calving. The variation in differential bile acids in the plasma, consistent with the feces, was mainly derived from UnconSBA. Lithocholic acid in the plasma was a potential ketosis warning metabolite 7 days before delivery.ConclusionKetotic cows experienced bile acid metabolism disorders 7 days before calving, and the gut microbiota was closely related to bile acid metabolism disorders. Future studies should investigate the relationship between secondary bile acids and the development of ketosis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Screening for potential warning biomarkers in cows with ketosis based on host–microbiota co-metabolism analysis

Du,

Luo,

Huang

et al. 2024

Front. Microbiol.

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“…In plasma samples, we observed elevations in the levels of isoursodeoxycholic acid, taurocholic acid, and 12-ketode oxycholic acid. BAs are known to play a crucial role in regulating intestinal function (22,41), and their concentrations are strongly influenced by dietary factors and alterations in gut microbiota (42). A reduction in BA levels can alleviate changes in gut microbiome induced by HFD and subsequently mitigate obesity phenotypes (22).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiomics analysis investigating the impact of a high-fat diet in female Sprague–Dawley rats: alterations in plasma, intestinal metabolism, and microbial composition

Zhang,

Hu,

Deng

et al. 2024

Front. Nutr.

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IntroductionWith improvements in living conditions, modern individuals exhibit a pronounced inclination towards a high-fat diet, largely because of its distinctive gustatory appeal. However, the association between high-fat diets and metabolic complications has largely been ignored, and metabolic diseases such as obesity and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease now constitute a major public health concern. Because high-fat diets increase the risk of metabolic diseases, a thorough investigation into the impact of high-fat diets on gut microbiota and metabolism is required.MethodsWe utilize 16S rRNA sequencing and untargeted metabolomics analysis to demonstrate that SD rats fed a high-fat diet exhibited marked alterations in gut microbiota and plasma, intestinal metabolism.ResultsChanges in gut microbiota included a decreased abundance at phylum level for Verrucomicrobiota, and a decreased abundance at genus level for Akkermansia, Ralstonia, Bacteroides, and Faecalibacterium. Additionally, significant changes were observed in both intestinal and plasma metabolite levels, including an upregulation of bile acid metabolism, an upregulation of glucose-lipid metabolism, and increased levels of metabolites such as norlithocholic acid, cholic acid, D-fructose, D-mannose, fructose lactate, and glycerophosphocholine. We also investigated the correlations between microbial communities and metabolites, revealing a significant negative correlation between Akkermansia bacteria and cholic acid.DiscussionOverall, our findings shed light on the relationship between symbiotic bacteria associated with high-fat diets and metabolic biomarkers, and they provide insights for identifying novel therapeutic approaches to mitigate disease risks associated with a high-fat diet.

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“…The composition of gut microbiota and BAs is affected by diet, age, sex, antibiotics, and disease [ 7 , 28 , 29 , 30 ]. BAs and gut microbiota affect each other [ 5 , 6 ].…”

Section: Bas and Gut Microbiotamentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of Microbiota-Modified Bile Acids in the Regulation of Intracellular Organelles and Neurodegenerative Diseases

Kiriyama

Nochi

2023

Genes

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Bile acids (BAs) are amphiphilic steroidal molecules generated from cholesterol in the liver and facilitate the digestion and absorption of fat-soluble substances in the gut. Some BAs in the intestine are modified by the gut microbiota. Because BAs are modified in a variety of ways by different types of bacteria present in the gut microbiota, changes in the gut microbiota can affect the metabolism of BAs in the host. Although most BAs absorbed from the gut are transferred to the liver, some are transferred to the systemic circulation. Furthermore, BAs have also been detected in the brain and are thought to migrate into the brain through the systemic circulation. Although BAs are known to affect a variety of physiological functions by acting as ligands for various nuclear and cell-surface receptors, BAs have also been found to act on mitochondria and autophagy in the cell. This review focuses on the BAs modified by the gut microbiota and their roles in intracellular organelles and neurodegenerative diseases.

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The Black Box Orchestra of Gut Bacteria and Bile Acids: Who Is the Conductor?

Cited by 9 publications

References 90 publications

Screening for potential warning biomarkers in cows with ketosis based on host–microbiota co-metabolism analysis

Screening for potential warning biomarkers in cows with ketosis based on host–microbiota co-metabolism analysis

Multiomics analysis investigating the impact of a high-fat diet in female Sprague–Dawley rats: alterations in plasma, intestinal metabolism, and microbial composition

Role of Microbiota-Modified Bile Acids in the Regulation of Intracellular Organelles and Neurodegenerative Diseases

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