The black bottle

Holt, L. Emmett; Holz, Peter

doi:10.1016/s0022-3476(63)80344-3

Cited by 109 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Along with the potential for entering the food chain by way of ingestion, AC has also been used to remove residual levels of antibiotics from the colon (Khoder et al 2010), or as a food additive to reduce bioavailability of contaminants in animal feed (Avantaggiato et al 2004)—a potential alternative to antibiotics in animal husbandry (Chu et al 2013). AC is also used as an emergency treatment for accidental dosing of poisonous substances or overdosing (Holt and Holz 1963). It is increasingly used as a remedy or supplement for intestinal disorders and detoxification.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

TCDD administered on activated carbon eliminates bioavailability and subsequent shifts to a key murine gut commensal

Stedtfeld¹,

Sallach

Crawford

et al. 2017

Appl Microbiol Biotechnol

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Activated carbon (AC) is an increasingly attractive remediation alternative for the sequestration of dioxins at contaminated sites globally. However, the potential for AC to reduce the bioavailability of dioxins in mammals and the residing gut microbiota has received less attention. This question was partially answered in a recent study examining 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD)-induced hallmark toxic responses in mice administered with TCDD sequestered by AC or freely available in corn oil by oral gavage. Results from that study support the use of AC to significantly reduce the bioavailability of TCDD to the host. Herein, we examined the bioavailability of TCDD sequestered to AC on a key murine gut commensal and the influence of AC on the community structure of the gut microbiota. The analysis included qPCR to quantify the expression of segmented filamentous bacteria (SFB) in the mouse ileum, which has responded to TCDD-induced host toxicity in previous studies and community structure via sequencing the 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene. The expression of SFB 16S rRNA gene and functional genes significantly increased with TCDD administered with corn oil vehicle. Such a response was absent when TCDD was sequestered by AC. In addition, AC appeared to have a minimal influence on murine gut community structure and diversity, affecting only the relative abundance of Lactobacillaceae and two other groups. Results of this study further support the remedial use of AC for eliminating bioavailability of TCDD to host and subsequent influence on the gut microbiome.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

TCDD administered on activated carbon eliminates bioavailability and subsequent shifts to a key murine gut commensal

Stedtfeld¹,

Sallach

Crawford

et al. 2017

Appl Microbiol Biotechnol

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“…For example, Emmett Holt, Jr. and Holz48 reported favorable results with Darco G60 as an adsorbent for a variety of potential human poisons from aqueous solution. Corapcioglu and Huang49 undertook detailed parametric studies of the adsorption of Cu(II), Pb(II), Ni(II) and Zn(II) from aqueous solutions using Darco HDC, Darco HD3000, Darco S-51, Darco G60 and Darco KB.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrosorption/Electrodesorption of Arsenic on a Granular Activated Carbon in the Presence of Other Heavy Metals

et al. 2010

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The adsorption, electrosorption, and electrodesorption of aqueous, inorganic arsenic on the granular activated carbon (GAC), DARCO® 12×20 GAC was investigated in solutions containing arsenic as the only contaminant, as well as with chromium, nickel and iron. Darco 1220 was selected for these investigations primarily because it is relatively ineffective as a normal (unassisted) arsenic adsorbent in the chosen electrolytes at the low loadings used. It is shown that the application of anodic potentials in the 1.0 – 1.5V range, however, result in enhanced uptake, most probably due to charging of the electrochemical double-layer at the electrode surface. 100% regeneration of electrosorbed arsenic was achieved via electrodesorption at a cathodic potential of 1.50V. The presence of ad–metal ions was observed to have a significant and complex effect on arsenic adsorption, electrosorption, and electrodesorption. In particular, the Cr:As ratio was shown to have complex effects, decreasing adsorption uptake when present as 3:2, but enhancing adsorption when present as 5:1. Nickel was found to have less of an effect than chromium except at the highest anodic potential used of 1.50V, where it exhibited better performance than chromium. The presence of iron significantly enhanced uptake. With a 1.50V anodic potential, the bulk arsenic concentration was reduced to less than detectable limits, well below the USEPA MCL for drinking water. Regeneration efficiency by electrodesorption for the As–Fe system was greater than about 90%.

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Propoxyphene suicides. Report of nine cases

Young¹

1972

Archives of Internal Medicine

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The black bottle

Cited by 109 publications

References 17 publications

TCDD administered on activated carbon eliminates bioavailability and subsequent shifts to a key murine gut commensal

TCDD administered on activated carbon eliminates bioavailability and subsequent shifts to a key murine gut commensal

Electrosorption/Electrodesorption of Arsenic on a Granular Activated Carbon in the Presence of Other Heavy Metals

Propoxyphene suicides. Report of nine cases

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