“…This process can generate benefits across different functional groups, for example shredders can process coarse particulate organic matter into fine particulate organic matter, allowing other organisms to interact and ingest the smaller materials (Heard & Richardson, 1995; Iwai et al, 2009; Navel et al, 2011). There are a range of other commensalistic interactions in freshwaters, where one organism benefits whilst the other is neither positively or negatively affected, for example phoresis (attachment for the purpose of dispersal; Silknetter et al, 2020) and case‐building with vegetative materials (Mendes et al, 2019). Yet, this class of interactions has been less well documented in comparison to others.…”
Section: Ecological Interactions In Freshwatersmentioning
Research in freshwater ecosystems has always had a strong focus on ecological interactions. The vast majority of studies, however, have investigated trophic interactions and food webs, overlooking a wider suite of non‐trophic interactions (e.g. facilitation, competition, symbiosis and parasitism) and the ecological networks they form.
Without a complete understanding of all potential interactions, ranging from mutualistic through to antagonistic, we may be missing important ecological processes with consequences for ecosystem assembly, structure and function. Ecological networks can be constructed at different scales, from genes to ecosystems, but also local to global, and as such there is significant opportunity to put them to work in freshwater research.
To expand beyond food webs, we need to leverage technological and methodological advances and look to recent research in marine and terrestrial systems—which are far more advanced in terms of detecting, measuring and contextualising ecological interactions.
Future studies should look to emerging technologies to aid in merging the wide range of ecological interactions in freshwater ecosystems into networks to advance our understanding and ultimately increase the efficacy of conservation, management, restoration and other applications.
“…This process can generate benefits across different functional groups, for example shredders can process coarse particulate organic matter into fine particulate organic matter, allowing other organisms to interact and ingest the smaller materials (Heard & Richardson, 1995; Iwai et al, 2009; Navel et al, 2011). There are a range of other commensalistic interactions in freshwaters, where one organism benefits whilst the other is neither positively or negatively affected, for example phoresis (attachment for the purpose of dispersal; Silknetter et al, 2020) and case‐building with vegetative materials (Mendes et al, 2019). Yet, this class of interactions has been less well documented in comparison to others.…”
Section: Ecological Interactions In Freshwatersmentioning
Research in freshwater ecosystems has always had a strong focus on ecological interactions. The vast majority of studies, however, have investigated trophic interactions and food webs, overlooking a wider suite of non‐trophic interactions (e.g. facilitation, competition, symbiosis and parasitism) and the ecological networks they form.
Without a complete understanding of all potential interactions, ranging from mutualistic through to antagonistic, we may be missing important ecological processes with consequences for ecosystem assembly, structure and function. Ecological networks can be constructed at different scales, from genes to ecosystems, but also local to global, and as such there is significant opportunity to put them to work in freshwater research.
To expand beyond food webs, we need to leverage technological and methodological advances and look to recent research in marine and terrestrial systems—which are far more advanced in terms of detecting, measuring and contextualising ecological interactions.
Future studies should look to emerging technologies to aid in merging the wide range of ecological interactions in freshwater ecosystems into networks to advance our understanding and ultimately increase the efficacy of conservation, management, restoration and other applications.
“…Predatie van juvenielen van een aquatisch taxon met een terrestrisch levensstadium (bijvoorbeeld het geval bij veel aquatische insecten) kan leiden tot lagere abundantie in het terrestrisch stadium (Wesner, 2010). Consumptie en mortaliteit tussen concurrenten wordt 'intraguild' predatie genoemd (predatie binnen de groep), waar door consumptie van een concurrent de competitie om een voedselbron wordt verminderd (Mendes et al, 2019). Deze vorm van predatie kan leiden tot minder consumptie van andere trofische niveaus (He et al, 2021).…”
Dit rapport is geschreven in het kader van het project Systeemkennis ecologie en waterkwaliteit van de Kennisimpuls Waterkwaliteit.In de Kennisimpuls werken Rijk, provincies, waterschappen, drinkwaterbedrijven en kennisinstituten aan meer inzicht in de kwaliteit van het grond-en oppervlaktewater en de factoren die deze kwaliteit beïnvloeden. Daarmee kunnen waterbeheerders en andere partijen de juiste maatregelen nemen om de waterkwaliteit te verbeteren en de biodiversiteit te vergroten.In het programma brengen partijen bestaande en nieuwe kennis bijeen, en maken ze deze kennis (beter) toepasbaar voor de praktijk. Hiermee verstevigen ze de basis onder het waterkwaliteitsbeleid. Het programma is gestart in 2018 en duurt vier jaar. Het wordt gefinancierd door het ministerie van Infrastructuur en Waterstaat, STOWA, waterschappen, provincies en drinkwaterbedrijven.
Kennisimpuls Waterkwaliteit.Beter weten wat er speelt en wat er kan.
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COLOFON
OpdrachtgeverKennisimpuls waterkwaliteit (KIWK)
Various harmful substances cause environmental pollution, leading to groundwater, ocean, soil, and air pollution, which has become severe due to industrial development. Environmental restoration methods conventionally include physical, chemical, and biological methods, but these may not be a green and environmentally friendly approach. Due to their efficient adsorptive properties, nanomaterials help remove harmful substances such as chemical dyes, total petroleum hydrocarbons, and other industrial wastes harmful to the environment. Nanobioremediation, nanobiological restoration, is an emerging biological method for decomposition, absorption, filtration, leaching, mineralization, accumulation, and transformation of detrimental substances in the environment. The utilization of green synthetic nanomaterials can also reduce the environmental burden, which is a potential and promising method for environmental restoration to achieve the goals of ecological conservation and sustainable development.
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