The Biotic Environment

Cory, Jenny S.; Deschodt, Pauline

doi:10.1002/9781119256106.ch6

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…Pathology has traditionally focused on single host-single pathogen interactions under given environmental conditions (Ben-Horin et al, 2015;Cory & Deschodt, 2017;Vayssier-Taussat et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Seaweeds influence oyster microbiota and disease susceptibility

Dugeny

Lorgeril

Petton

et al. 2022

Journal of Animal Ecology

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A growing awareness of role that microbiota can play in mediating the effects of pathogens on hosts has given rise to the concept of the pathobiome. Recently, we demonstrated that the Pacific oyster mortality syndrome affecting Crassostrea gigas oysters is caused by infection with the Ostreid herpesvirus type 1 (OsHV‐1) followed by infection with multiple bacterial taxa. Here we extend the concept of this pathobiome beyond the host species and its bacterial microbiota by investigating how seaweed living in association with oysters influences their response to the disease. We hypothesized that by their mere presence in the environment, different species of seaweeds can positively or negatively influence the risk of disease in oysters by shaping their bacterial microbiota and their immune response. Although seaweed and oysters do not have direct ecological interactions, they are connected by seawater and likely share microbes. To test our hypothesis, oysters were acclimated with green, brown or red algae for 2 weeks and then challenged with OsHV‐1. We monitored host survival and pathogen proliferation and performed bacterial microbiota and transcriptome analyses. We found that seaweeds can alter the bacterial microbiota of the host and its response to the disease. More particularly, green algae belonging to the genus Ulva spp. induced bacterial microbiota dysbiosis in oyster and modification of its transcriptional immune response leading to increased susceptibility to the disease. This work provides a better understanding of a marine disease and highlights the importance of considering both macrobiotic and microbiotic interactions for conservation, management and exploitation of marine ecosystems and resources.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Pathology has traditionally focused on single host–single pathogen interactions under given environmental conditions (Ben‐Horin et al, 2015; Cory & Deschodt, 2017; Vayssier‐Taussat et al, 2014). However, invertebrate host and their pathogens are rarely found in isolation in natural situations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seaweeds influence oyster microbiota and disease susceptibility

Dugeny

Lorgeril

Petton

et al. 2022

Journal of Animal Ecology

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Compatibility of the fungus Beauveria bassiana and Trichoplusia ni SNPV against the cabbage looper Trichoplusia ni: crop plant matters

Deschodt,

Cory

2024

Pest Management Science

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BACKGROUNDMicrobial insecticides are an important weapon in insect pest management, but their use is still relatively limited. One approach for increasing their efficacy and use could be to combine different pathogens to increase pest mortality. However, little is known about whether increasing pathogen diversity will improve pest management. Here, we investigated the compatibility of two pathogens for the management of the cabbage looper, Trichoplusia ni, T. ni nucleopolyhedrovirus (TniSNPV) and the entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana, on two crops, tomato and broccoli. The pathogens were applied to individual plants using ultra low volume sprays, alone or in combination, either synchronously or asynchronously. Healthy third‐instar T. ni larvae were introduced to the plants before application and collected by destructive sampling 24 h after the last pathogen application.RESULTSCombined applications did not result in an increase in larval mortality compared to TniSNPV alone, although mortality was generally high. B. bassiana was considerably less effective on broccoli compared to tomato. In both the combined treatments, virus‐induced mortality was approximately 50% lower when applied together with the fungus, while fungus‐induced mortality was not affected by the virus, even when the virus was introduced 24 h before the fungus.CONCLUSIONWhile our results suggest that applying this combination of entomopathogens would not be beneficial for pest management, this study illustrates the need to consider the target crop as an important driver of the efficacy of both single and mixed pathogen applications in the field. © 2024 The Authors. Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.

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The Biotic Environment

Cited by 2 publications

References 130 publications

Seaweeds influence oyster microbiota and disease susceptibility

Seaweeds influence oyster microbiota and disease susceptibility

Compatibility of the fungus Beauveria bassiana and Trichoplusia ni SNPV against the cabbage looper Trichoplusia ni: crop plant matters

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