The biosynthesis of proteoglycans and interstitial collagens by bovine pericardial fibroblasts

Effects of periodate and chondroitin 4-sulfate on proteoglycan stabilization of ostrich pericardium. Inhibition of calcification in subcutaneous implants in rats

“…Sulfated GAGs are covalently linked to proteins forming proteoglycans (PGs). In pericardium, PGs are mainly composed of dermatan sulfate and chondroitin sulfate [8]. In the latter, the disaccharide unit contains glucuronate and N-acetylgalactosamine and has usually one sulfate group per disaccharide, which is predominantly either in the 4 or 6 position on N-acetylgalactosamine.…”

Stabilized Collagen Scaffolds for Heart Valve Tissue Engineering

“…Although this approach seems appealing, the polymeric matrices lack sufficient mechanical strength and have not withstood the test of time under arterial pressure. 3 Bovine pericardium has been widely researched as a biomaterial, including examination of its mechanical and fiber orientation properties by mapping techniques, 4 isolation of pericardial fibroblasts and analysis of their biosynthetic abilities, 5,6 and detailed analysis of its collagen and proteoglycan components. 5,6 Glutaraldehyde-fixed bovine pericardium has a long history of being used in manufacturing of bioprosthetic heart valves and a good record of implantation in humans, is well characterized mechanically and biologically, 4,[7][8][9] and has been used in development of collapsible percutaneous heart valves 10 and for mitral valve repair.…”

The protective role of GATA6+ pericardial macrophages in pericardial inflammation

“… 87 Fibroblasts are also a well-known component of the pericardial tissue and interact closely with GATA6 + pericardial macrophages. 21 , 34 We therefore also hypothesize that GATA6 + pericardial macrophages, by preventing the influx of CCR2 + macrophages, may prevent CCR2 + macrophages from interacting with pericardial fibroblasts and thereby prevent fibroblasts from upregulating inflammatory markers. We therefore propose that GATA6 + large peritoneal macrophage-like pericardial macrophages function in part by outcompeting and outnumbering their bone marrow-derived, SPM-like counterparts thereby preventing the accumulation of pro-inflammatory factors within the cavity.…”

“…Pericardial interstitial cells, the dominant cell subtype in the healthy pericardium, include the pericardial fibroblasts and the pericardial mesothelial cells that make up the lining of the pericardial cavity. 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 While these cells have been described in the healthy pericardium, little is known about their role during cardiac diseases. Recently, GATA6 + pericardial macrophages have emerged as a cell of interest during the development of MI.…”