The biosynthesis of monolignols: a “metabolic grid”, or independent pathways to guaiacyl and syringyl units?

Dixon, Richard A.; Chen, Fang; Guo, Dianjing; Kota, Parvathi

doi:10.1016/s0031-9422(01)00092-9

Cited by 229 publications

(138 citation statements)

References 120 publications

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“…3). These findings are consistent with enhanced lignification in basal internodes and indicate that switchgrass cell walls will contain significant amounts of these two phenolic derivatives as expected for grasses (Dixon et al, 2001;Jung, 2003).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

“…Lignin is a polymer of cross-linked phenolics derived from the phenylpropanoid pathway Raes et al, 2003), and is an integral part of the secondary cell walls of plants. There are several key enzymes in this complex pathway (Dixon et al, 2001) and contribute to the overall lignin content and signature for a given species (Raes et al, 2003). For example, natural mutations in the genes (Casler et al, 2002;Cardinal et al, 2003;Pedersen et al, 2005) or antisense suppression (Anterola and Lewis, 2002;Peter and Neale, 2004) of enzymes controlling phenylpropanoid metabolism can alter plant anatomy, lignification and impact plant fitness.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Internode structure and cell wall composition in maturing tillers of switchgrass (Panicum virgatum. L)

Sarath

Baird

Vogel

et al. 2007

Bioresource Technology

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Sarath, Gautam; Baird, Lisa M.; Vogel, Kenneth P.; and Mitchell, Robert B., "Internode structure and cell wall composition in maturing tillers of switchgrass (Panicum virgatum. L)" (2007 Abstract This work examined cell composition gradients in maturing tillers o f switchgrass (Panicum virgatuln L.) with the aim o f developing baseline information on this important forage and biomass crop. Flowering tillers were collected from plants raised from seeds in a greenhouse and field, harvested at soil level and separated into internodes beginning with the node subtending the peduncle. Internodes were analyzed using microscopy, by fiber digestion, high-performance liquid chromatography and by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry to obtain anatomical and compositional data. Microscopy demonstrated the development and maturation o f cortical fibers which eventually became confluent with the fiber sheath surrounding vascular bundles in the lower internodes. Detergent fiber analysis indicated increasing cellulose and lignin contents and decreases in cell solubles

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Internode structure and cell wall composition in maturing tillers of switchgrass (Panicum virgatum. L)

Sarath

Baird

Vogel

et al. 2007

Bioresource Technology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…However, plants have the capacity to incorporate a range of molecules such as 5-hydroxyconiferyl alcohol and diVerent cinnamylaldehydes into the lignocellulosic matrix (Humphreys et al 1999;Anterola and Lewis 2002;Boerjan et al 2003;Barrière et al 2004;Shadle et al 2007;Rastogi and Dwivedi 2008). Grasses also contain signiWcant amounts of p-coumaric acid (pCA) and ferulic acid (FA), predominantly crosslinked to cell wall lignin and polysaccharide through ester and ether linkages (Grabber et al 1991;Dixon et al 2001;Chen et al 2002;Boerjan et al 2003;Grabber and Lu 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A generalized scheme integrating the two sorghum bmr mutations into the broader framework of lignin biosynthesis (Dixon et al 2001;Boerjan et al 2003;Rastogi and Dwivedi 2008) is shown in Fig. 1.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic background impacts soluble and cell wall-bound aromatics in brown midrib mutants of sorghum

Palmer

Sattler

Saathoff

et al. 2008

Planta

149

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“…Higher plants contain guaiacyl (G) and sinapyl (S) lignin derived from ferulic and sinapic acids, respectively. Grass cell walls also contain p-hydroxyphenyl (H) lignin, derived principally from 4-coumaric acid [7,27,36].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Opportunities and roadblocks in utilizing forages and small grains for liquid fuels

Sarath

Mitchell

Sattler

et al. 2008

J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol

132

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Sarath, Gautam; Mitchell, Robert B.; Sattler, S. E.; Funnell, Deanna L.; Pedersen, Jeffrey F.; Graybosch, Robert A.; and Vogel, Kenneth P., "Opportunities and roadblocks in utilizing forages and small grains for liquid fuels" (2008 Abstract This review focuses on the potential advantages and disadvantages of forages such as switchgrass (Panicum virgatum), and two small grains: sorghum (Sorghum bicolor), and wheat (Triticum aesitvum), as feedstocks for biofuels. It highlights the synergy provided by applying what is known from forage digestibility and wheat and sorghum starch properties studies to the biofuels sector. Opportunities therefore, exist to improve biofuel qualities in these crops via genetics and agronomics. In contrast to cereal crops, switchgrass still retains tremendous exploitable genetic diversity, and can be speciWcally improved to Wt a particular agronomic, management, and conversion platform. Combined with emerging studies on switchgrass genomics, conversion properties and management, the future for genetic modiWcation of this species through conventional and molecular breeding strategies appear to be bright. The presence of brown-midrib mutations in sorghum that alter cell wall composition by reducing lignin and other attributes indicate that sorghum could serve as an important model species for C 4 -grasses. Utilization of the brown-midrib traits could lead to the development of forage and sweet sorghums as novel biomass crops. Additionally, wheat crop residue, and wheat and sorghum with improved starch content and composition represent alternate biofuel sources. However, the use of wheat starch as a biofuel is unlikely but its value as a model to study starch properties on biofuel yields holds signiWcant promise.

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The biosynthesis of monolignols: a “metabolic grid”, or independent pathways to guaiacyl and syringyl units?

Cited by 229 publications

References 120 publications

Internode structure and cell wall composition in maturing tillers of switchgrass (Panicum virgatum. L)

Internode structure and cell wall composition in maturing tillers of switchgrass (Panicum virgatum. L)

Genetic background impacts soluble and cell wall-bound aromatics in brown midrib mutants of sorghum

Opportunities and roadblocks in utilizing forages and small grains for liquid fuels

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