The biomechanical demands of stair descent in elderly and young adults

Reeves, ND; Spanjaard, M.; Mohagheghi, Amir A.; Baltzopoulos, V.; Maganaris, CN

doi:10.1016/s0021-9290(06)83243-4

Cited by 5 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…Whilst we statistically controlled for the influence of walking speed in between-group analyses, a more vigorous investigation comparing claudicants to speedmatched controls is required to fully explore the velocity-dependent limitations in the gastrocnemii. Previous research has also demonstrated light handrail use influences gait biomechanics 32 and the present study excluded trials in which participants used the handrail as the extent of handrail use and upper limb kinetics/force could not be quantified with our staircase design. However, given the reported balance deficits in the population 13,14 , handrail use, particularly in the presence of claudication pain for example, may play a larger compensatory role and requires further investigation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sagittal plane joint kinetics during stair ascent in patients with peripheral arterial disease and intermittent claudication

2017

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Stair negotiation poses a substantial physical demand on the musculoskeletal system and this challenging task can place individuals at risk of falls. Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) can cause intermittent claudication (IC) pain in the calf and results in altered gait mechanics during level walking. However, whether those with PAD-IC adopt alternate strategies to climb stairs is unknown. Twelve participants with PAD-IC (six bilateral and six unilateral) and 10 healthy controls were recruited and instructed to ascend a five-step staircase whilst 3D kinematic data of the lower-limbs were recorded synchronously with kinetic data from force plates embedded into the staircase on steps two and three. Limbs from the unilateral group and both limbs from the bilateral claudicants were categorised as claudicating (N=18), asymptomatic (N=6) and control (N=10). Claudicants walked more slowly than healthy controls (trend; P=<0.066). Both claudicating- and asymptomatic-limb groups had reduced propulsive GRF (P=0.025 and P=0.002, respectively) and vertical GRF (P=0.005 and P=0.001, respectively) compared to controls. The claudicating-limb group had a reduced knee extensor moment during forward continuance (P=0.060), ankle angular velocity at peak moment (P=0.039) and ankle power generation (P=0.055) compared to the controls. The slower gait speed, irrespective of laterality of symptoms, indicates functional capacity was determined by the limitations of the claudicating limb. Reduced ankle power generation and angular velocity (despite adequate plantarflexor moment) implies velocity-dependent limitations existed in the calf. The lack of notable compensatory strategies indicates reliance on an impaired muscle group to accomplish this potentially hazardous task, highlighting the importance of maintaining plantarflexor strength and power in those with PAD-IC.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sagittal plane joint kinetics during stair ascent in patients with peripheral arterial disease and intermittent claudication

2017

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“…They focussed only on knee moments and hence information on other lower extremity joints was lacking [8]. Reeves et al [9,10] observed that even though external moments required at the knee joint were well within the maximal limits during stair negotiation, nevertheless older adults operated at a higher proportion of their maximum values when compared to young adults. Although previous studies have highlighted the high loading placed on knee and ankle joints [8,9,11], there is a lack of data on the functional loading placed on hip muscles during stair negotiation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The biomechanical functional demand placed on knee and hip muscles of older adults during stair ascent and descent

et al. 2011

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“…Equally, these changes may compensate for declining musculoskeletal function, evidenced by reduced initial peak vertical and anterior-posterior forces, and increased vertical forces in mid-stance in older adults (Bertucco and Cesari, 2009;Hamel et al, 2005). In response to diminishing strength, older adults displace the mechanical demands proximally, and rely on the musculature of the knee rather than ankle to generate the required propulsion during continuous STA (Reeves et al, 2009). Although some of the changes allow older adults to meet the high demands of STA, these adjustments may inadvertently contribute to an increased falls risk.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The mechanics of continuous STA have frequently been described (McFadyen and Winter, 1988;Nadeau et al, 2003;Novak and Brouwer, 2011;Reeves et al, 2009;Wilken et al, 2011). In comparison, the biomechanical requirements of the transitioning phase between gait and STA have received less attention.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biomechanical demands differentiate transitioning vs. continuous stair ascent gait in older women

Alcock

O’Brien

Vanicek

2014

Clinical Biomechanics

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The preferential stronger-limb 2-step transitioning strategy conflicts with previous recommendations of a stronger lead limb for frail/asymmetric populations. Our findings suggest that most healthy older women with large between-limb differences utilise the stronger limb to achieve the considerable propulsion required to redirect momentum during the 2-step transition. The biomechanical demands of ascent, relative to limb strength, can inform exercise programmes by targeting specific muscle groups to help older adults maintain/improve general functioning.

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The biomechanical demands of stair descent in elderly and young adults

Cited by 5 publications

References 0 publications

Sagittal plane joint kinetics during stair ascent in patients with peripheral arterial disease and intermittent claudication

Sagittal plane joint kinetics during stair ascent in patients with peripheral arterial disease and intermittent claudication

The biomechanical functional demand placed on knee and hip muscles of older adults during stair ascent and descent

Biomechanical demands differentiate transitioning vs. continuous stair ascent gait in older women

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