The Biology of Toll-Like Receptors and NOD-Like Receptors: The Toggles of Inflammation

Kutikhin, Anton G.; Yuzhalin, Arseniy E.

doi:10.1007/978-3-0348-0688-6_1

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 241 publications

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“…Despite the fact that any type of training may be accompanied by localized inflammation, which is regarded as a protective response to onset tissue damage (Hung and Suzuki, 2017), strenuous exercise can result in cytokine release into the circulation, which induce a pattern of immunological/pathogenic responses similar to sepsis (Pedersen, 2000). Increased proinflammatory cytokine levels, leukocyte infiltration and oxidative stress are well-known exercise-induced inflammation precursors (Suzuki, 2017b).…”

Section: Precursors and Morbiditymentioning

confidence: 99%

Running-Related Injury From an Engineering, Medical and Sport Science Perspective

Papagiannaki

Samoladas

Maropoulos

et al. 2020

Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol.

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Etiologic factors associated to running injuries are reviewed, with an emphasis on the transient shock waves experienced during foot strike. In these terms, impact mechanics are analyzed from both, a biomechanical and medical standpoint and evaluated with respect injury etiology, precursors and morbidity. The complex interaction of runner specific characteristics on the employed footwear system are examined, providing insight into footwear selection that could act as a preventive measure against non-acute trauma incidence. In conclusion, and despite the vast literature on running-related injuryrisks, only few records could be identified to consider the effect of shoe cushioning and anthropometric data on injury prevalence. Based on this literature, we would stress the importance of such considerations in future studies aspiring to provide insight into running related injury etiology and prevention.

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Section: Precursors and Morbiditymentioning

confidence: 99%

Running-Related Injury From an Engineering, Medical and Sport Science Perspective

Papagiannaki

Samoladas

Maropoulos

et al. 2020

Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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Toll‐like receptors (TLRs): An old family of immune receptors with a new face in cancer pathogenesis

Mokhtari

Pourbagheri‐Sigaroodi

Zafari

et al. 2020

J Cellular Molecular Medi

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Innate immunity not only represents the first line of defence against invading microbial pathogens but also is the first step towards the activation and stimulation of adaptive immunity. Upon exposure to bacteria, viruses, protozoa and fungi, innate immune cells including neutrophils, monocytes, macrophages, dendritic cells (DCs), natural killer (NK) cells and the complement system are activated. The response of the innate immunity to microbial pathogens relies on the specific host-receptor detection of pathogen-and danger-derived molecular signatures, known as PAMPs and DAMPs, respectively. When PAMPs and DAMPs are recognized by germline-encoded pattern-recognition receptors (PRRs), different types of cytokines would be released, which in turn attract secondary defensive immune cells. In the long list of PRRs, Tolllike receptors (TLRs) are the most important ones. TLRs are one of the largest and most well-studied families of PRRs, which were first recognized in the fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster. 1 Not only these receptors are one of the main components of innate immunity, infection diseases, and inflammatory conditions, but also they act as a bridge between innate and adaptive immunity. Apart from regulatory role in immune responses, TLRs have a hand in tissue homeostasis maintenance by regulating tissue repair and regeneration. But the mystery behind TLR functions in the cells was not limited only to these findings, and there was some evidence supporting the fact that they might have

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The Biology of Toll-Like Receptors and NOD-Like Receptors: The Toggles of Inflammation

Cited by 2 publications

References 241 publications

Running-Related Injury From an Engineering, Medical and Sport Science Perspective

Running-Related Injury From an Engineering, Medical and Sport Science Perspective

Toll‐like receptors (TLRs): An old family of immune receptors with a new face in cancer pathogenesis

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