The Biology of Striga, Orobanche, and other Root-Parasitic Weeds

Musselman, Lytton J.

doi:10.1146/annurev.py.18.090180.002335

Cited by 264 publications

(157 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…All of the HGTs from grass donors (Poaceae) were discovered in Striga (Table 1; SI Appendix, Table S9, and Fig. 2C), which (except for Striga gesnerioides) are specialized parasites of Poaceae (38). In Phelipanche, inferred donors reflected a wide range of dicot families with the majority from Rosaceae and Fabaceae, consistent with the host range of this parasite and its congeners (30) (Fig.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 57%

Horizontal gene transfer is more frequent with increased heterotrophy and contributes to parasite adaptation

Yang

Zhang

Wafula

et al. 2016

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Horizontal gene transfer (HGT) is the transfer of genetic material across species boundaries and has been a driving force in prokaryotic evolution. HGT involving eukaryotes appears to be much less frequent, and the functional implications of HGT in eukaryotes are poorly understood. We test the hypothesis that parasitic plants, because of their intimate feeding contacts with host plant tissues, are especially prone to horizontal gene acquisition. We sought evidence of HGTs in transcriptomes of three parasitic members of Orobanchaceae, a plant family containing species spanning the full spectrum of parasitic capabilities, plus the free-living Lindenbergia. Following initial phylogenetic detection and an extensive validation procedure, 52 highconfidence horizontal transfer events were detected, often from lineages of known host plants and with an increasing number of HGT events in species with the greatest parasitic dependence. Analyses of intron sequences in putative donor and recipient lineages provide evidence for integration of genomic fragments far more often than retro-processed RNA sequences. Purifying selection predominates in functionally transferred sequences, with a small fraction of adaptively evolving sites. HGT-acquired genes are preferentially expressed in the haustorium-the organ of parasitic plants-and are strongly biased in predicted gene functions, suggesting that expression products of horizontally acquired genes are contributing to the unique adaptive feeding structure of parasitic plants.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 57%

Horizontal gene transfer is more frequent with increased heterotrophy and contributes to parasite adaptation

Yang

Zhang

Wafula

et al. 2016

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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“…Plant parasitism, the special case of Orobanche Orobanche sp. (broomrape) are obligate root holoparasitic plants (Musselman 1980). They are one of the most important agricultural pests in several major cropping systems worldwide (Goldwasser and Yoder 2001).…”

Section: Biological Stressesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Peroxidases have more functions than a Swiss army knife

et al. 2005

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Plant peroxidases (class III peroxidases) are present in all land plants. They are members of a large multigenic family. Probably due to this high number of isoforms, and to a very heterogeneous regulation of their expression, plant peroxidases are involved in a broad range of physiological processes all along the plant life cycle. Due to two possible catalytic cycles, peroxidative and hydroxylic, peroxidases can generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) ( • OH, HOO• ), polymerise cell wall compounds, and regulate H 2 O 2 levels. By modulating their activity and expression following internal and external stimuli, peroxidases are prevalent at every stage of plant growth, including the demands that the plant meets in stressful conditions. These multifunctional enzymes can build a rigid wall or produce ROS to make it more flexible; they can prevent biological and chemical attacks by raising physical barriers or by counterattacking with a large production of ROS; they can be involved in a more peaceful symbiosis. They are finally present from the first hours of a plant's life until its last moments. Although some functions look paradoxical, the whole process is probably regulated by a fine-tuning that has yet to be elucidated. This review will discuss the factors that can influence this delicate balance.Keywords Evolution . ROS . (abiotic and biotic) stress . Cell wall loosening and cross-linking . Senescence . Fruit ripening . Symbiosis Multigenic family, evolution and homologyHeme peroxidases specific to plants belong to a superfamily that contains three different classes of peroxidases Communicated by P. Kumar

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“…In the presence of host plants, these parasitic plants develop globular haustoria on their roots that attach to and penetrate host roots (Musselman, 1980;Riopel and Timko, 1995). Upon successful invasion of the host root, the haustorium matures into a parasite-specific organ that functions as the physiological bridge through which the parasite robs the host of water, minerals, and nutrients.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Single-Electron Reducing Quinone Oxidoreductase Is Necessary to Induce Haustorium Development in the Root Parasitic Plant Triphysaria

et al. 2010

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Parasitic plants in the Orobanchaceae develop haustoria in response to contact with host roots or chemical haustoriainducing factors. Experiments in this manuscript test the hypothesis that quinolic-inducing factors activate haustorium development via a signal mechanism initiated by redox cycling between quinone and hydroquinone states. Two cDNAs were previously isolated from roots of the parasitic plant Triphysaria versicolor that encode distinct quinone oxidoreductases. QR1 encodes a single-electron reducing NADPH quinone oxidoreductase similar to z-crystallin. The QR2 enzyme catalyzes two electron reductions typical of xenobiotic detoxification. QR1 and QR2 transcripts are upregulated in a primary response to chemical-inducing factors, but only QR1 was upregulated in response to host roots. RNA interference technology was used to reduce QR1 and QR2 transcripts in Triphysaria roots that were evaluated for their ability to form haustoria. There was a significant decrease in haustorium development in roots silenced for QR1 but not in roots silenced for QR2. The infrequent QR1 transgenic roots that did develop haustoria had levels of QR1 similar to those of nontransgenic roots. These experiments implicate QR1 as one of the earliest genes on the haustorium signal transduction pathway, encoding a quinone oxidoreductase necessary for the redox bioactivation of haustorial inducing factors.

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The Biology of Striga, Orobanche, and other Root-Parasitic Weeds

Cited by 264 publications

References 37 publications

Horizontal gene transfer is more frequent with increased heterotrophy and contributes to parasite adaptation

Horizontal gene transfer is more frequent with increased heterotrophy and contributes to parasite adaptation

Peroxidases have more functions than a Swiss army knife

A Single-Electron Reducing Quinone Oxidoreductase Is Necessary to Induce Haustorium Development in the Root Parasitic Plant Triphysaria

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