The Biology of Reproduction

Fusco, Giuseppe; Minelli, Alessandro

doi:10.1017/9781108758970

Cited by 52 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 334 publications

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“…Sometimes, asexuals do not require mating and in all cases, eggs develop either without fertilization or fusion of female and male nuclei. [24,35,36] Of note, the pathways of egg development vary among asexuals.…”

Section: Asexual Reproduction Implies the Formation Of A New Organismmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[37] Hence, automixis creates endogamous recombinant offspring without male contribution and leads to homozygosity. [35,36,38,39] In gynogenetic and parthenogenetic species (including apomictic plants), meiosis is skipped and unreduced gametes carrying the maternal genetic information develop into new clonal individuals by parthenogenesis. While gynogenesis require mating and/or fertilization (without fusion of female and male nuclei) to trigger embryogenesis, parthenogens develop spontaneously.…”

Section: Asexual Reproduction Implies the Formation Of A New Organismmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While gynogenesis require mating and/or fertilization (without fusion of female and male nuclei) to trigger embryogenesis, parthenogens develop spontaneously. [36,[39][40][41] In hybridogenetic species, paternal chromosomes are eliminated during female meiosis and reduced gametes carry only maternal chromosomes. Such gametes require fertilization by a male gamete to develop a new individual.…”

Section: Asexual Reproduction Implies the Formation Of A New Organismmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, during the formation of the next generation, those individuals only transmit the maternal genetic information to the offspring. [36,41,42]…”

Section: Asexual Reproduction Implies the Formation Of A New Organismmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Variable levels of heterozygosity are expected in automicts depending upon the number of crossovers per chromosome arm and generation, the genome size, and the type of gamete fusion. [35,36] Jumping from an automictic (likely highly homozygous) development to a sexual one or one of the clonal alternatives might be triggered by a hybridization event, perhaps reinforced by a ploidy shift. This would explain cases of gain of sexuality in some automictic species [110,111] and provide a reason for most automicts being diploids and the clonal asexual alternatives being of hybrid or polyploid origin.…”

Section: F I G U R Ementioning

confidence: 99%

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Skipping sex: A nonrecombinant genomic assemblage of complementary reproductive modules

Hojsgaard

Schartl

2020

BioEssays

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The unusual occurrence and developmental diversity of asexual eukaryotes remain a puzzle. De novo formation of a functioning asexual genome requires a unique assembly of sets of genes or gene states to disrupt cellular mechanisms of meiosis and gametogenesis, and to affect discrete components of sexuality and produce clonal or hemiclonal offspring. We highlight two usually overlooked but essential conditions to understand the molecular nature of clonal organisms, that is, a nonrecombinant genomic assemblage retaining modifiers of the sexual program, and a complementation between altered reproductive components. These subtle conditions are the basis for physiologically viable and genetically balanced transitions between generations. Genomic and developmental evidence from asexual animals and plants indicates the lack of complementation of molecular changes in the sexual reproductive program is likely the main cause of asexuals' rarity, and can provide an explanatory frame for the developmental diversity and lability of developmental patterns in some asexuals as well as for the discordant time to extinction estimations.

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Section: Asexual Reproduction Implies the Formation Of A New Organismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Asexual Reproduction Implies the Formation Of A New Organismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Asexual Reproduction Implies the Formation Of A New Organismmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, during the formation of the next generation, those individuals only transmit the maternal genetic information to the offspring. [36,41,42]…”

Section: Asexual Reproduction Implies the Formation Of A New Organismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: F I G U R Ementioning

confidence: 99%

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Skipping sex: A nonrecombinant genomic assemblage of complementary reproductive modules

Hojsgaard

Schartl

2020

BioEssays

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Focusing on Dynamics: When an Exception Becomes a Rule

Peretti,

Calbacho-Rosa,

Olivero

et al. 2024

Rules and Exceptions in Biology: From Fundamental Concepts to Applications

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The evolution of reproductive characters: an organismal-relational approach

Cortés-García,

Etxeberria,

Nuño de la Rosa

2024

Biol Philos

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This paper delves into the character concept as applied to reproduction. Our argument is that the prevailing functional-adaptationist perspective falls short in explaining the evolution of reproductive traits, and we propose an alternative organismal-relational approach that incorporates the developmental and interactive aspects of reproduction. To begin, we define the functional individuation of reproductive traits as evolutionary strategies aimed at enhancing fitness, and we demonstrate how this perspective influences the classification of reproductive characters and modes, the comprehension of shared traits as resulting from conflicts of evolutionary interest between individuals, and the explanation of reproductive diversity. After outlining the shortcomings of this framework, we introduce an organismal-relational approach grounded in evolutionary developmental studies of reproduction. This view provides a revised classification for reproductive characters and modes and offers a new understanding of interorganismal traits that takes into account their inherently relational nature. Lastly, we present the research agenda that emerges from this approach, which addresses the core explanatory gaps left by the adaptationist perspective, including the explanation of reproductive homologies and homoplasies, the developmental constraints associated with the evolution of reproductive modes, and the evolvability of reproductive characters.

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The Biology of Reproduction

Cited by 52 publications

References 334 publications

Skipping sex: A nonrecombinant genomic assemblage of complementary reproductive modules

Skipping sex: A nonrecombinant genomic assemblage of complementary reproductive modules

Focusing on Dynamics: When an Exception Becomes a Rule

The evolution of reproductive characters: an organismal-relational approach

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