The Biology of Nonfrugivorous Tephritid Fruit Flies

Headrick, David H.; Goeden, Richard D.

doi:10.1146/annurev.ento.43.1.217

Cited by 69 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 69 publications

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“…Members of the subfamily Tephritinae use the vegetative and reproductive parts of their host plants; the larvae feed on flower heads and many species induce galls in these plant structures (Headrick & Goeden, 1998). With few exceptions, they feed solely on plants of the family Asteraceae (Compositae), the daisy family (Zwölfer, 1983;White, 1988;Foote et al, 1993).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Presence of specific symbiotic bacteria in flies of the subfamily Tephritinae (Diptera Tephritidae) and their phylogenetic relationships: proposal of 'Candidatus Stammerula tephritidis'

Mazzon

Piscedda

Simonato

et al. 2008

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SYSTEMATIC AND EVOLUTIONARY MICROBIOLO

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The presence of symbiotic bacteria in flies belonging to the subfamily Tephritinae, which predominantly infest the flower heads of composite flowers (Asteraceae), was investigated. Twenty-five species of flies, collected mainly in northern Italy, were examined. The bacteria adhered to the midgut epithelium in a space external to the peritrophic membrane and therefore not in direct contact with the gut contents. Specific, unique and live, but unculturable bacteria were consistently found in the majority of the fly species and their presence was also shown to be persistent in flies reared under microbiologically controlled conditions and devoid of any residual culturable intestinal bacteria. Sequencing of the small subunit rRNA gene from the novel bacteria indicated that they belonged to the family Enterobacteriaceae. Three main strongly supported clades were delineated by phylogenetic trees, the first of which featured a coherent set of sequences displaying gene sequence similarities lower than 96 % compared with recognized taxa. The second and third clades featured cases with higher gene sequence similarities to culturable bacteria, including Erwinia persicina and Ewingella americana, respectively. Relative rate tests were supportive of a fast genetic evolution for the majority of the bacterial symbionts of the subfamily Tephritinae. In agreement with the interpretation suggested in 1929 after pioneering observations made by H. J. Stammer, a symbiotic relationship between the novel bacteria and the tephritid flies is postulated. The origin of this apparently polyphyletic relationship is discussed and a novel candidate organism is proposed for the first clade under the designation 'Candidatus Stammerula tephritidis'.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some fly species have been tested as possible biological control agents for weeds (Zwölfer, 1983). A comprehensive body of literature on the biology of the subfamily Tephritinae is reviewed by Headrick & Goeden (1998).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Presence of specific symbiotic bacteria in flies of the subfamily Tephritinae (Diptera Tephritidae) and their phylogenetic relationships: proposal of 'Candidatus Stammerula tephritidis'

Mazzon

Piscedda

Simonato

et al. 2008

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SYSTEMATIC AND EVOLUTIONARY MICROBIOLO

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“…The eggs were transparent in color, cylindrical and tapers gently towards a narrower posterior end, banana shaped as shown in Fig. 1a (Headrick and Goeden, 1998;Pena et al, 1998;White and Elson-Harris, 1992). It was observed that the eggs were laid in a cluster form ranging 10 -50 eggs per cluster (Fig.…”

Section: Eggmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Pupation starts from the prepuparial stage in which the mouthparts are invaginated and the integument take on a waxy appearance (Headrick and Goeden, 1998). The duration of the prepupa within the puparium is unknown.…”

Section: Pupamentioning

confidence: 99%

Growth and Development of <i>Acanthiophilus helianthi</i> (Diptera: Tephritidae) Feeding on Safflower, <i>Carthamus tinctorius</i>

2015

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Safflower fly, Acanthiophilus helianthi Rossi (Diptera: Tephritidae), undergoes four stages (egg, larva, pupa and adult) during its growth and development. In this study, observation showed that the egg's stage took 1.16 ± 0.00, larva's stage took 12.02 ± 0.13 and pupa's stage took 7.03 ± 0.08 days before the emergence of adults. The male adult survived for 21.97 ± 2.69 days, while the female lived 19.19 ± 1.50 days. It was observed that the eggs were laid in a cluster, with a range between 10 -50 eggs per cluster. The length and width of the individual egg were 1.12 ± 0.03 mm and 0.20 ± 0.00 mm respectively. The percentages of the survived individual larva decreased from the first instar until third instar. In the experiment, the length and width of the larva reached 7.77 ± 0.08 mm and 1.84 ± 0.03 mm respectively. Pupae were observed changing in colour from pale white to dark brown. The length and the width of the pupae observed were 6.78 ± 0.16 mm and 2.90 ± 0.02 mm. The longevity of the adults Acanthiophilus helianthi Rossi was influenced by the diets they consumed, the presence of other individuals, wideness of the areas, differences in time taken within the life cycle (between different stages) and temperature in the laboratory.

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“…Fruit flies of the subfamily Tephritinae (Diptera: Tephritidae) are widely distributed in temperate and subtropical regions of the world; however, most studies of their biology and ecology have been focused on Nearctic species inhabiting northern temperate regions (Headrick and Goeden 1998). On the contrary, few studies have documented the relationship between nonfrugivorous tephritids and their host plants in Neotropical species, in many cases, recording the first biological data and the findings of new taxa (Prado et al 2002(Prado et al , 2004Almeida et al 2006;Norrbom and Prado 2006;Norrbom et al 2010).…”

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confidence: 99%

Seasonal dynamics of Urophora quadrifasciata on spotted knapweed in the Arkansas Ozarks

2009

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Periodic sweep-net sampling and capitula sampling were conducted between April and October 2007 to determine the seasonal phenology of Urophora quadrifasciata (Meigen) (Diptera: Tephritidae) on spotted knapweed, Centaurea stoebe subsp. micranthos (Gugler) Hayek (Asteraceae), in the Arkansas Ozarks of the United States of America. Urophora quadrifasciata produces up to three generations in Arkansas, rather than being bivoltine as in the northern United States of America. The first, second, and third generations of U. quadrifasciata reached peak adult numbers around 26 May, 29 June, and 27 July, respectively. Males tended to emerge earlier than females but the female:male ratio was approximately 1:1 for most of the season. The majority of the offspring of the three generations emerged between June and October, while approximately 38% entered diapause and emerged as adults in April-June of the following year; 3.4 ± 0.1 (mean ± SE) (range 1–12) flies emerged from each infested capitulum. The absence of other, competing knapweed biological control agents as well as very low rates of parasitism, mild weather conditions, and a longer knapweed growing season likely contributed to the adaptation and establishment of U. quadrifasciata on spotted knapweed in Arkansas.

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The Biology of Nonfrugivorous Tephritid Fruit Flies

Cited by 69 publications

References 69 publications

Presence of specific symbiotic bacteria in flies of the subfamily Tephritinae (Diptera Tephritidae) and their phylogenetic relationships: proposal of 'Candidatus Stammerula tephritidis'

Presence of specific symbiotic bacteria in flies of the subfamily Tephritinae (Diptera Tephritidae) and their phylogenetic relationships: proposal of 'Candidatus Stammerula tephritidis'

Growth and Development of <i>Acanthiophilus helianthi</i> (Diptera: Tephritidae) Feeding on Safflower, <i>Carthamus tinctorius</i>

Seasonal dynamics of Urophora quadrifasciata on spotted knapweed in the Arkansas Ozarks

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