The Biology of Invasive Alien Plants in Canada. 3. <i>Amaranthus tuberculatus</i> (Moq.) Sauer var. <i>rudis</i> (Sauer) Costea &amp; Tardif

Costea, Mihai; Weaver, Susan E.; Tardif, François J.

doi:10.4141/p04-101

Cited by 114 publications

(183 citation statements)

References 86 publications

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“…(1) changes in weed management such as reduced tilling and reliance on post-emergence herbicides have favored rapid adaptive evolution by selection on standing genetic variation and/or de novo mutations (Costea et al, 2005), and (2) hybridization between waterhemp and other weedy Amaranthus species has resulted in the acquisition of genes allowing for successful invasion (Trucco et al, 2009). Weedy amaranths will likely continue to be problematic given their ability to rapidly evolve herbicide resistance (discussed below), produce an extraordinary number of seeds and compete for space and nutrients in the field.…”

Section: The Origins Of Agricultural Weedsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The red queen in the corn: agricultural weeds as models of rapid adaptive evolution

2012

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Weeds are among the greatest pests of agriculture, causing billions of dollars in crop losses each year. As crop field management practices have changed over the past 12 000 years, weeds have adapted in turn to evade human removal. This evolutionary change can be startlingly rapid, making weeds an appealing system to study evolutionary processes that occur over short periods of time. An understanding of how weeds originate and adapt is needed for successful management; however, relatively little emphasis has been placed on genetically characterizing these systems. Here, we review the current literature on agricultural weed origins and their mechanisms of adaptation. Where possible, we have included examples that have been genetically well characterized. Evidence for three possible, non-mutually exclusive weed origins (from wild species, crop-wild hybrids or directly from crops) is discussed with respect to what is known about the microevolutionary signatures that result from these processes. We also discuss what is known about the genetic basis of adaptive traits in weeds and the range of genetic mechanisms that are responsible. With a better understanding of genetic mechanisms underlying adaptation in weedy species, we can address the more general process of adaptive evolution and what can be expected as we continue to apply selective pressures in agroecosystems around the world.

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Section: The Origins Of Agricultural Weedsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The red queen in the corn: agricultural weeds as models of rapid adaptive evolution

2012

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“…Like other Amaranthus species, Palmer amaranth seed are predominantly gravitydispersed but can also be spread by irrigation and other water flow, with the movement of birds and mammals, and through agricultural management practices such as plowing, mowing, harvesting, and spreading compost, manure or gin trash (Costea et al 2004(Costea et al , 2005Norsworthy et al 2009). Although the seeds lack specialized dispersal mechanisms, including for wind dispersal, strong winds may move them over considerable distances; a hurricane was believed to be responsible for introducing Palmer amaranth seed into a previously noninfested agricultural habitat (Menges 1987a).…”

Section: à3mentioning

confidence: 99%

Nonhybrid Progeny from Crosses of Dioecious Amaranths: Implications for Gene-Flow Research

Trucco¹,

Zheng

Woodyard

et al. 2007

Weed sci.

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Large proportions of nonhybrid progeny result from controlled crosses between Palmer amaranth and common waterhemp, both dioecious weeds. Agamospermy was proposed as an explanation for this phenomenon, and here we provide evidence in support of this hypothesis. We evaluated 60 nonhybrid offspring from two interspecific crosses, and all plants were females and had DNA content values similar to the female (Palmer amaranth) parent. Among nine hybrids resulting from these crosses, eight were nonviable (lethal or neuter), and only one hybrid allowed for continued gene movement. Cytogenetic evaluation of this hybrid revealed triploidy, further supporting the occurrence of unreduced gametes in these species. In light of this new evidence, we examine earlier data regarding Palmer amaranth by common waterhemp hybridization and suggest some prior conclusions may be premature.

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“…The tuberculatus variety, although rare, is native to Ontario and Québec and is typically found in pristine areas such as riverbanks and wetlands (Costea et al 2005). In contrast, the rudis variety, which is not native to Canada, is typically found as an agricultural weed (Costea et al 2005). It is now recognized that the name "waterhemp" refers to the rudis variety.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, these species have recently been reclassified into two varieties (rudis and tuberculatus) of a polymorphous species named Amaranthus tuberculatus (Costea and Tardif 2003). The tuberculatus variety, although rare, is native to Ontario and Québec and is typically found in pristine areas such as riverbanks and wetlands (Costea et al 2005). In contrast, the rudis variety, which is not native to Canada, is typically found as an agricultural weed (Costea et al 2005).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Control of herbicide-resistant common waterhemp (Amaranthus tuberculatus var. rudis) with pre- and post-emergence herbicides in soybean

Vyn¹,

Swanton²,

Weaver³

et al. 2007

Can. J. Plant Sci.

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The Biology of Invasive Alien Plants in Canada. 3. Amaranthus tuberculatus (Moq.) Sauer var. rudis (Sauer) Costea & Tardif

Cited by 114 publications

References 86 publications

The red queen in the corn: agricultural weeds as models of rapid adaptive evolution

The red queen in the corn: agricultural weeds as models of rapid adaptive evolution

Nonhybrid Progeny from Crosses of Dioecious Amaranths: Implications for Gene-Flow Research

Control of herbicide-resistant common waterhemp (Amaranthus tuberculatus var. rudis) with pre- and post-emergence herbicides in soybean

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