THE BIOLOGY OF CANADIAN WEEDS.: 53. <i>Convolvulus arvensis</i> L.

Weaver, Susan E.; Riley, Walker R.

doi:10.4141/cjps82-066

Cited by 78 publications

(75 citation statements)

References 17 publications

(7 reference statements)

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“…To explain the north-south gradient, we hypothesize that restricted gene flow is maintained in M. borealis through the movement of the vector, C. obscurus, as the beetle disperses over short latitudinal distances with the flowering of the host plant. For example, flowers of Convolvulus arvensis appear when day time temperatures average 14°C and overnight temperatures are around 2°C (Weaver and Riley 1982). Thus, plants at lower latitudes are expected to flower earlier than those at higher latitudes.…”

Section: Metschnikowia Borealis a Sexually Active Outbreedermentioning

confidence: 98%

Population structure of two beetle-associated yeasts: comparison of a New World asexual and an endemic Nearctic sexual species in the Metschnikowia clade

Wardlaw

Berkers

Man

et al. 2009

Antonie van Leeuwenhoek

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The genetic structure of two related yeast species, one sexual and one asexual, was compared using polymorphic DNA markers. Although both yeasts propagate by asexual budding of haploid cells, Metschnikowia borealis reproduces sexually when compatible strains come in contact. To what extent this has occurred in nature was not known. As Candida ipomoeae is a closely related, asexual species, the two yeasts provide an excellent model system to assess the role of sexual reproduction in a biogeographic context. Natural isolates of the two species were characterized using several polymorphic DNA markers. As predicted for an organism whose reproduction is strictly clonal, C. ipomoeae exhibited low haplotype diversity, high linkage disequilibrium, and high population differentiation. In contrast, M. borealis had unique haplotypes in most isolates, lower population differentiation, and little linkage disequilibrium, demonstrating that sexual recombination is prevalent. Geographic gradients were identified in both species, indicating that historical and climatic factors both play a role in shaping the populations. The spatial structure is also thought to be influenced by the ecology of the small floricolous beetles (family Nitidulidae) that vector the yeasts. For example, Hawaiian strains of C. ipomoeae show evidence of having undergone a genetic bottleneck, most likely when the vector was introduced to the islands. The two haplotypes found in Hawaii were nearly identical and were also found in North and Central America. M. borealis had a more continuous distribution where the genetic markers follow latitudinal and longitudinal gradients.

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Section: Metschnikowia Borealis a Sexually Active Outbreedermentioning

confidence: 98%

Population structure of two beetle-associated yeasts: comparison of a New World asexual and an endemic Nearctic sexual species in the Metschnikowia clade

Wardlaw

Berkers

Man

et al. 2009

Antonie van Leeuwenhoek

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“…Field bindweed (Convolvulus arvensis) and hedge bindweed (Calystegia sepium) are important weeds in agriculture and amenity areas in many parts of the world, particularly in Europe and western Asia, north Africa and north America (Davison, methods (Weaver and Riley, 1982;Westra et al, 1992;Klimesˇand Klimesˇova´, 1994). Furthermore, since, in addition to seeds, both bindweeds propagate vegetatively and spread by fragmented underground parts, biocontrol would be a promising alternative both on farmland and in noncropped areas, such as gardens and parks (De´fago et al, 2001).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship between aggressiveness of Stagonospora sp. isolates on field and hedge bindweeds, and in vitro production of fungal metabolites cercosporin, elsinochrome A and leptosphaerodione

et al. 2005

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Stagonospora convolvuli LA39, an effective biocontrol agent of Convolvulus arvensis (field bindweed) and Calystegia sepium (hedge bindweed) produces phytotoxic metabolites leptosphaerodione and elsinochrome A. Stagonospora isolate 214Caa produces the toxin cercosporin. If toxic metabolite production is not linked to the pathogenic ability of the fungus on bindweeds, selection of aggressive strains with limited or no production of the metabolites would reduce any perceived risk of using strains of the fungus as a mycoherbicide. Therefore, 30 isolates of Stagonospora sp. including LA39 and 214Caa were characterised for aggressiveness on both bindweeds, and production of the three metabolites. Nine isolates were more aggressive than LA39 on both bindweeds. Classification of isolates based on metabolite type agreed largely with previous similar characterisation based on polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism of internal transcribed spacer of ribosomal DNA. Cercosporin producers produced neither leptosphaerodione nor elsinochrome A and together with isolates that produce none of the three metabolites, were less pathogenic on bindweeds. Conversely, there was a positive correlation between elsinochrome A and leptosphaerodione production, and each was positively correlated with aggressiveness of isolates on both bindweeds. Generally, any isolate where elsinochrome A was not detected was not aggressive on any of the two bindweeds. This probably implies that selecting elsinochrome A-negative, but aggressive Stagonospora strain(s) may be difficult. However, aggressive isolates may not produce elsinochrome A in planta at levels that could constitute any risk in the environment. In a preliminary attempt to determine the levels of elsinochrome A and leptosphaerodione produced in diseased bindweeds, none of the toxins was detected in Stagonospora infected bindweed leaves. Detailed investigation focusing on the detection and quantification of in planta production of elsinochrome A by Stagonospora isolates, and determination of the fate of elsinochrome A in the environment, and its relationship with leptosphaerodione may be essential. Similarly, development of molecular tools to monitor the mycoherbicide following field application is vital.

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“…A similar type of symptoms was also observed on C. arvensis (field bindweed, lehli). C. arvensis is a destructive perennial weed and a problem in many annual and perennial crops, which trails over the ground and climbs among the crops pulling them down and hindering harvesting (Weaver and Riley 1982;Pfirter et al 1997). Disease symptoms on C. arvensis were started as small dark, necrotic lesions usually on the older leaves.…”

mentioning

confidence: 98%

Convolvulus arvensis, a new host for Alternaria solani causing early blight of Solanum lycopersicum in Pakistan

Akhtar

Sarwar

Saleem

et al. 2011

Australasian Plant Dis. Notes

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THE BIOLOGY OF CANADIAN WEEDS.: 53. Convolvulus arvensis L.

Cited by 78 publications

References 17 publications

Population structure of two beetle-associated yeasts: comparison of a New World asexual and an endemic Nearctic sexual species in the Metschnikowia clade

Population structure of two beetle-associated yeasts: comparison of a New World asexual and an endemic Nearctic sexual species in the Metschnikowia clade

Relationship between aggressiveness of Stagonospora sp. isolates on field and hedge bindweeds, and in vitro production of fungal metabolites cercosporin, elsinochrome A and leptosphaerodione

Convolvulus arvensis, a new host for Alternaria solani causing early blight of Solanum lycopersicum in Pakistan

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