THE BIOLOGY OF CANADIAN WEEDS.: 70. <i>Setaria viridis</i> (L.) Beauv.

Douglas, Brian; Thomas, A. G.; Morrison, Ian N.; Maw, M. G.

doi:10.4141/cjps85-089

Cited by 77 publications

(81 citation statements)

References 80 publications

(29 reference statements)

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“…Human-promoted propagule dispersion via transport routes and trade can act as a trigger with certain species such as Ambrosia artemisiifolia (von der Lippe et al 2013;Milakovic et al 2014), which is not always clearly distinguishable from climate-related mechanisms. Possibly due to an interaction of human actions and climatic changes, the maize weeds of the genus Setaria (Douglas et al 1985;Wang and Dekker 1995) and A. theophrasti (Andersen et al 1985;Warwick and Black 1986) have extended their range to Northern America.…”

Section: Range Shiftsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of climate change on weeds in agriculture: a review

Peters

Breitsameter

Gerowitt

2014

Agron. Sustain. Dev.

202

110

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Over the past decades, climate change has induced transformations in the weed flora of arable ecosystems in Europe. For instance, thermophile weeds, late-emerging weeds, and some opportunistic weeds have become more abundant in some cropping systems. The composition of arable weed species is indeed ruled by environmental conditions such as temperature and precipitation. Climate change also influences weeds indirectly by enforcing adaptations of agronomic practice. We therefore need more accurate estimations of the damage potential of arable weeds to develop effective weed control strategies while maintaining crop yield. Here we review the mechanisms of responses of arable weeds to the direct and indirect effects of climate change. Climate change effects are categorized into three distinct types of shifts occurring at different scales: (1) range shifts at the landscape scale, (2) niche shifts at the community scale, and (3) trait shifts of individual species at the population scale. Our main conclusions are changes in the species composition and new species introductions are favored, which facilitate major ecological and agronomical implications. Current research mainly considers processes at the landscape scale. Processes at the population and community scales have prevalent importance to devise sustainable management strategies. Trait-climate and niche-climate relationships warrant closer consideration when modeling the possible future distribution and damage potential of weeds with climate change.

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Section: Range Shiftsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of climate change on weeds in agriculture: a review

Peters

Breitsameter

Gerowitt

2014

Agron. Sustain. Dev.

202

110

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“…In North America, S. viridis was first reported in Montreal, Canada in 1821 (Douglas et al 1985). Most likely it was introduced as a contaminant of crop seed and in the ballast of ships.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic diversity and origin of North American green foxtail [Setaria viridis (L.) Beauv.] accessions

Schröder

Bahri²,

Eudy

et al. 2016

Genet Resour Crop Evol

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Setaria viridis (L.) P. Beauv. and its domesticated form, S. italica (L.) P. Beauv., have been developed over the past few years as model systems for C 4 photosynthesis and for the analysis of bioenergy traits. S. viridis is native to Eurasia, but is now a ubiquitous weed. An analysis of the population structure of a set of 232 S. viridis lines, mostly from North America but also comprising some accessions from around the world, using 11 SSR markers, showed that S. viridis populations in the US largely separate by latitude and/or climatic zone. S. viridis populations from the Northern US and Canada (north of 44°N) group with accessions from Western Europe, while populations in the Mid and Southern US predominantly group with accessions from Turkey and Iran. We hypothesize that S. viridis in the US was most likely introduced from Europe, and that introductions were competitive only in regions that had climatic conditions that were similar to those in the regions of origins. This hypothesis is supported by the fact that Canadian S. viridis lines were fast cycling and undersized when grown in the Mid-Western and Southern US compared to their morphology in their native environment. A comparison of the population structure obtained with 11 SSR markers and *40,000 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in a common set of S. viridis germplasm showed that both methods essentially yielded the same groupings, although admixture was identified at a higher frequency in the SNP analysis. Small numbers of SSR markers can thus 123Genet Resour Crop Evol (2017) 64:367-378 DOI 10.1007 be used effectively to discern the population structure in this inbreeding species.

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“…Species in the genus Eriochloa do not appear to possess specialized dispersal structures, and it is assumed that seeds generally fall close to the parent plant. Species with similar seed morphology occur in the genera Setaria and Panicum, where dispersal vectors include water, birds and cows (Ridley 1930;Dore and Raymond 1942;Wilson 1980;Steel et al 1983;Douglas et al 1985). The hard bracts that encase the caryopses of woolly cup grass would provide excellent protection in the digestive tracts of birds and mammals.…”

Section: Reproductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Biology of Invasive Alien Plants in Canada. 1. Eriochloa villosa (Thunb.) Kunth

Darbyshire¹,

Wilson²,

Allison³

2003

Can. J. Plant Sci.

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Eriochloa villosa (Thunb.) Kunth. Can. J. Plant Sci. 83: 987-999. The annual grass weed Eriochloa villosa, woolly cup grass, was reported for the first time in Canada in 2000, in southwestern Quebec. It is a serious agricultural pest of field crops in the Midwest United States where it has been difficult and expensive to control. The production of stolons early in the growing season and the extensive branching of stems later in the season mean that single plants occupy and disperse seed over a large area. Cleistogamous flowers ensure good seed set, and plants produce large numbers of seeds. After an initial spring germination flush, seeds continue to germinate throughout the growing season resulting in escapes from early control measures. The large seeds can germinate and emerge under a wide range of soil temperatures and soil depths. Woolly cup grass is tolerant of many herbicides and effective control in agro-ecosystems usually depends on integrated strategies of multiple herbicide applications, cultural and mechanical methods. The above biological features and its presence in a number of bordering States suggest that the species is a potential weed hazard in southern Canada, particularly in areas of corn and soybean production in Quebec and Ontario. . L'ériochloé velue (Eriochloa villosa) est une mauvaise herbe annuelle qui a été signalée pour la première fois au Canada en 2000, dans le sud-ouest du Québec. Aux États-Unis, la plante est très nuisible aux grandes cultures dans la région du Midwest, où la lutte s'est avérée à la fois difficile et coûteuse. La croissance végétative est vigoureuse. La production des stolons, en début de saison de croissance, et la ramification des tiges, en fin de saison, assurent que chaque plante occupe, et dissémine ses graines sur, une superficie extensive. Les fleurs cléistogames assurent une bonne grenaison, et les graines sont produites en grand nombre. Il y a une poussée de germination au printemps, mais des graines continuent de germer durant toute la saison de végé-tation, ce qui permet à certains sujets d'échapper aux mesures de lutte précoces. Les graines sont grosses et peuvent germer et lever à des températures du sol et des profondeurs très diverses. La plante tolère de nombreux herbicides; pour la combattre efficacement dans les écosystèmes agricoles, il faut généralement employer des stratégies intégrées alliant les méthodes mécaniques, cultuelles à des traitements herbicides multiples et échelonnés. Étant donné les caractéristiques biologiques de l'espèce et le fait qu'elle pousse dans plusieurs États limitrophes, elle constitue sans doute un danger potentiel pour l'agriculture dans le sud du Canada, particulièrement dans les régions productrices de maïs et de soja du Québec et d'Ontario.

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THE BIOLOGY OF CANADIAN WEEDS.: 70. Setaria viridis (L.) Beauv.

Abstract: R3T2N2; and 2Research Station, Agriculture Canada, Regina, Saskatchewan S4P 3A2. Contibutionno.654', received I3 Sept. 1984, accepted22 Feb. 1985 Douclns, BnreN J., Tuorvres, A. GonooN, MonnrsoN, IaN N. eNo For personal use only.

Cited by 77 publications

References 80 publications

Impact of climate change on weeds in agriculture: a review

Impact of climate change on weeds in agriculture: a review

Genetic diversity and origin of North American green foxtail [Setaria viridis (L.) Beauv.] accessions

The Biology of Invasive Alien Plants in Canada. 1. Eriochloa villosa (Thunb.) Kunth

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