THE BIOLOGY OF CANADIAN WEEDS.: 84. Oenothera biennis L.

Abstract

Oenothera biennis L., the common evening-primrose, is a widespread weed of roadside and waste places commonly occuring on light sandy or gravelly soils where competition is limited. The species is native to North America and, although occurring in all 10 Canadian provinces, is more common in the east than in the west.

Vegetative regeneration of biennial Oenothera species after disturbance: Field observations and experiment

“…The species are non-clonal, monocarpic and biennial (Dietrich et al, 1997;Hall et al, 1988), with very long-lived seeds (Baskin and Baskin, 1994). During the first year of their life, individuals of these Oenothera species form vegetative rosettes and after overwintering, reproducing stems are formed (Hall et al, 1988). All studied species may regenerate vegetatively (resprout) from axillary and adventitious buds, both after injury and also spontaneously (Klimesˇova´, 2003;Martı´nkova´et al, 2004a;Martı´nkova´, pers.…”

“…(Hall et al, 1988;Mihulka and Pysˇek, 2001). The species are non-clonal, monocarpic and biennial (Dietrich et al, 1997;Hall et al, 1988), with very long-lived seeds (Baskin and Baskin, 1994). During the first year of their life, individuals of these Oenothera species form vegetative rosettes and after overwintering, reproducing stems are formed (Hall et al, 1988).…”

“…(Hall et al, 1988;Mihulka and Pysˇek, 2001). O. fallax Renner is a hybrid between O. biennis and O. glazioviana of European origin, showing an expansive behaviour (Mihulka and Pysˇek, 2001).…”

“…All species prefer light sandy or gravelly substrates and man-made habitats, such as habitats along roads and railways, railway yards, urban areas etc. (Hall et al, 1988;Mihulka and Pysˇek, 2001). The species are non-clonal, monocarpic and biennial (Dietrich et al, 1997;Hall et al, 1988), with very long-lived seeds (Baskin and Baskin, 1994).…”

Resprouting after disturbance: an experimental study with short-lived monocarpic herbs

“…Both species are classically mentioned as being non-clonal, monocarpic and biennial species (HALL et al 1988, JEHLÍK 1997. Oenothera individuals die immediately after seed production (DIETRICH et al 1997).…”