The Biology of Ascidians

Sawada, Hitoshi; Yokosawa, Hideyoshi; Lambert, Charles C.

doi:10.1007/978-4-431-66982-1

Cited by 21 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 225 publications

(330 reference statements)

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“…Studying marine invertebrates led to the discovery of fundamental biological processes, including the fertilization process. The marine invertebrate Ciona intestinalis type A [another name: Ciona robusta ( Brunetti et al, 2015 )] is one of the model animals used to study many fields of biology, including reproductive biology ( Sawada et al, 2001 ). The availability of draft genome sequences, transcriptomic and proteomics data and gene knockdown and gene editing techniques has supported the progress of C. intestinalis (type A) studies ( Satou et al, 2001 ; Dehal et al, 2002 ; Shoguchi et al, 2006 ; Endo et al, 2011 ; Sasaki et al, 2014 ; Sasakura et al, 2017 ; Pickett and Zeller, 2018 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fertilization of Ascidians: Gamete Interaction, Self/Nonself Recognition and Sperm Penetration of Egg Coat

Saitô

Sawada

2022

Front. Cell Dev. Biol.

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Fertilization is one of the most important events in living organisms to generate a new life with a mixed genetic background. To achieve successful fertilization, sperm and eggs must undergo complex processes in a sequential order. Fertilization of marine invertebrate Ciona intestinalis type A (Ciona robusta) has been studied for more than a hundred years. Ascidian sperm are attracted by chemoattractants from eggs and bind to the vitelline coat. Subsequently, sperm penetrate through the vitelline coat proteolytically and finally fuse with the egg plasma membrane. Here, we summarize the fertilization mechanisms of ascidians, particularly from sperm-egg interactions to sperm penetration of the egg coat. Since ascidians are hermaphrodites, inbreeding depression is a serious problem. To avoid self-fertilization, ascidians possess a self-incompatibility system. In this review, we also describe the molecular mechanisms of the self-incompatibility system in C. intestinalis type A governed by three allelic gene pairs of s-Themis and v-Themis.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fertilization of Ascidians: Gamete Interaction, Self/Nonself Recognition and Sperm Penetration of Egg Coat

Saitô

Sawada

2022

Front. Cell Dev. Biol.

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Entwicklung bedeutsamer Modellorganismen I: Wirbellose

Entwicklungsbiologie Und Reproduktionsbiologie Von Mensch Und Tieren

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Whole-Body Regeneration in the Colonial Tunicate Botrylloides leachii

Blanchoud

Rinkevich

Wilson

2018

Results and Problems in Cell Differentiation

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The colonial marine invertebrate Botrylloides leachii belongs to the Tunicata subphylum, the closest invertebrate relatives to the vertebrate group and the only known class of chordates that can undergo whole-body regeneration (WBR). This dramatic developmental process allows a minute isolated fragment of B. leachii's vascular system, or a colony excised of all adults, to restore a functional animal in as little as 10 days. In addition to this exceptional regenerative capacity, B. leachii can reproduce both sexually, through a tadpole larval stage, and asexually, through palleal budding. Thus, three alternative developmental strategies lead to the establishment of filter-feeding adults. Consequently, B. leachii is particularly well suited for comparative studies on regeneration and should provide novel insights into regenerative processes in chordates.Here, after a short introduction on regeneration, we overview the biology of B. leachii as well as the current state of knowledge on WBR in this species and in related species of tunicates. Finally, we highlight the possible future directions that research might take in the study of WBR, including thoughts on technological approaches that appear most promising in this context. Overall, we provide a synthesis of the current knowledge on WBR in B. leachii to support research in this chordate species.

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The Biology of Ascidians

Cited by 21 publications

References 225 publications

Fertilization of Ascidians: Gamete Interaction, Self/Nonself Recognition and Sperm Penetration of Egg Coat

Fertilization of Ascidians: Gamete Interaction, Self/Nonself Recognition and Sperm Penetration of Egg Coat

Entwicklung bedeutsamer Modellorganismen I: Wirbellose

Whole-Body Regeneration in the Colonial Tunicate Botrylloides leachii

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