The Biology of Acroceridae (Diptera): True Endoparasitoids of Spiders

Schlinger, Evert I.

doi:10.1007/978-3-642-71552-5_24

Cited by 49 publications

(128 citation statements)

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“…A família contém três subfamílias: Acrocerinae, Panopinae e Philopotinae. Suas larvas são hipermetabólicas (heteromórficas) conhecidas por serem parasitóides de várias famílias de aranhas e os imagos especialmente caracterizados por uma notável variação morfológica (Schlinger 1981(Schlinger , 1987.…”

unclassified

“…Schlinger (1971) segregou os 11 gêneros de Philopotinae em quatro grupamentos, com a seguinte distribuição: "Grupo A" -Terphis Erichson (Neotropical) e Africaterphis Schlinger (Etiópica); "Grupo B" -Megalybus Philippi (Chile), Helle Osten Sacken (Nova Zelândia) e Parahelle Schlinger (Madagascar); "Grupo C" -Thyllis Erichson (Africa do Sul e Madagascar), Eulonchiella Meunier (Âmbar do Báltico) e Dimacrocolus Schlinger (Madagascar) e "Grupo D" -Philopota Wiedemann (Neotropical, exceto Chile; Asia), Oligoneura Bigot (Grécia e Japão) e Protophilopota Hennig (Âmbar do Báltico). Destes, os únicos grupos de aranhas hospedeiras conhecidas são: Amaurobiidae para Megalybus (Chile) e Miturgidae (Africa do Sul) e Phxelididae (Madagascar) para Thyllis, como registrado por Schlinger (1987).…”

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A associação de Philopota sp. Wiedemann (Diptera, Acroceridae) com flores do Gervão-Azul, Stachytarphetta cayenensis (Verbenaceae) na Ilha da Marambaia, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil

Luz

2004

Entomol. vectores

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On the association of Philopota sp. (Diptera, Acroceridae) with flowers of gervão-azul, Stachytarphetta cayenensis (Verbenaceae) in Marambaia Island, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil -The acrocerids (small headedflies) form a small group of flies, which are difficult to find and observe. They are rare in collections. Their larvae are heteromorphic parasitoids of many families of spiders and their imagoes show a great deal of morphological variation. Little is known about the biology and systematics of this group in the Neotropical region, especially the Philopotinae. Most studies are based on species from Europe and North America. The Philopotinae occurs througout the world, and are characterized by the strongly developed postpronota, which form a shield dorsally in front of the scutum. Fifty specimens of Philopota sp. were collected from branches of Stachytarphetta cayenensis (Verbenaceae) in the Ilha da Marambaia (23 o 04' S -43 o 53' W,

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A associação de Philopota sp. Wiedemann (Diptera, Acroceridae) com flores do Gervão-Azul, Stachytarphetta cayenensis (Verbenaceae) na Ilha da Marambaia, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil

Luz

2004

Entomol. vectores

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“…Thus, the following parasitoids are missing from this study: orthorrhaphan Acroceridae (Schlinger 1987) and further cyclorrhaphan Diptera (e.g. Cyclorrhapha: Acalyptratae: Chloropidae; see Irwin 1979), Mantispidae (Neuroptera; see Wachmann and Saure 1997), Pteromalidae (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea) and Scelionidae (Hymenoptera: Proctotrupoidea; see Fitton et al 1987).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

The parasitoid complex and parasitoid-induced mortality of spiders (Araneae) in a Central European woodland

Finch¹

2005

J. of Natural Hist.

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The parasitoid complex of spiders was studied in three different sites of a forest and, for comparison, in open habitats in north-western Lower Saxony (Germany). Qualitative data and, for four spider species, detailed quantitative rearing data were obtained. At least 25 parasitoids of spiders were recorded (23 species of Hymenoptera and two species of Diptera). External parasitoids of spiders were rare in the woodlands; only up to 1% of the spiders collected by hand searching and sweep netting had ectoparasitoids. During the investigation 23 parasitoid species were reared from spider egg masses, 10 of them occurring in woodlands. Two species were secondary parasitoids. Several parasitoid-host relationships were recorded for the first time. Egg masses of Floronia bucculenta were parasitized up to 5% by two species of the genus Gelis. Up to 10% of the egg masses of Linyphia hortensis were parasitized by Aclastus species. Egg masses of the spider genus Ero were parasitized by three species, causing an overall mortality of 40%. For egg masses of Agroeca spp. parasitization at some locations was up to 60%. An overview of the Central European parasitoid complex of spiders is provided.

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“…Barraclough (1984) provided the first host records for South African acrocerids, with two species raised from Moggridgea crudeni Hewitt (Migidae) and an undetermined gnaphosid spider. Schlinger (1987) subsequently recorded a third acrocerid parasitising a Machadonia (=Griswoldia, Zoropidae) species in South Africa, while Barraclough & Croucamp (1997) described a new species that was raised from a subadult male Cheiracanthium (Eutichuridae), and provided details of its developmental biology.…”

Section: Effect Of Natural Enemies On Spider Diversitymentioning

confidence: 99%

South African National Survey of Arachnida (SANSA): review of current knowledge, constraints and future needs for documenting spider diversity (Arachnida: Araneae)

Dippenaar-Schoeman

Haddad

Foord

et al. 2015

Transactions of the Royal Society of South Africa

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Biodiversity is one of the most important concepts in contemporary biology, with a broad range of applications. In November 1995, South Africa ratified the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD). Signatories are obligated to develop a strategic plan for the conservation and sustainable use of biodiversity. To meet the requirements of the CBD, the South African National Survey of Arachnida (SANSA) was initiated in 1997. This national project has several aims: to document and describe the arachnid fauna of South Africa; to consolidate all the available data on South African arachnids into one relational database and to make this biodiversity information available to science; and to address issues concerning their conservation and sustainable use. Extensive sampling took place and the SANSA database contains a wealth of biodiversity data that are used to provide answers to ecological questions. Presently 71 spider families, 471 genera and 2170 species are known from South Africa, representing approximately 4.8% of the world fauna. This paper presents the current state of spider biodiversity information and how it is managed. It demonstrates the importance of running a national inventory; emphasises the significance of using a good database application; and the importance of capacity development to improve the quality and integration of biodiversity information. Further, it shows the role SANSA has played in unifying and strengthening arachnid research, with the major thrust to discover the spider diversity in South Africa. We discuss the present status of knowledge, constraints to improving this, and the future directions for research. SANSA has provided the foundations for a more integrative approach to spider diversity research. Future research should build on this legacy by linking taxonomic diversity with that of functional diversity, predicting the response of this diversity to global change drivers. Functional approaches will link these studies to ecosystem processes. Global collaborative studies at several sites following standardised sampling protocols and focused research questions would add value to the SANSA collection and the importance of spiders for the health of ecosystems.

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The Biology of Acroceridae (Diptera): True Endoparasitoids of Spiders

Cited by 49 publications

References 0 publications

A associação de Philopota sp. Wiedemann (Diptera, Acroceridae) com flores do Gervão-Azul, Stachytarphetta cayenensis (Verbenaceae) na Ilha da Marambaia, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil

A associação de Philopota sp. Wiedemann (Diptera, Acroceridae) com flores do Gervão-Azul, Stachytarphetta cayenensis (Verbenaceae) na Ilha da Marambaia, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil

The parasitoid complex and parasitoid-induced mortality of spiders (Araneae) in a Central European woodland

South African National Survey of Arachnida (SANSA): review of current knowledge, constraints and future needs for documenting spider diversity (Arachnida: Araneae)

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