The biology and treatment of Epstein-Barr virus-positive diffuse large B cell lymphoma, NOS

Li, Ji-Wei; Deng, Chao; Zhou, Xiao-Yan; Deng, Renfang

doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e23921

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 65 publications

(110 reference statements)

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“…PD-1/PD-L1 pathway was abnormally activated in various cancers ( 6 , 26 ) and anti–PD-1/PD-L1 immunotherapy has been widely used or tried in clinical trials in many solid tumors, such as lung cancer, advanced metastatic melanoma, esophagus cancer, and colorectal cancer ( 27 , 28 ). However, the efficacy of PD-1 inhibitors was still dismal in some patients with high expression of PD-L1, and the concrete mechanisms remain largely unknown.…”

Section: Macrophages and Anti–pd-1/pd-l1 Immunotherapymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In recent years, emerging treatment methods have been developed, such as Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell therapy and immune-checkpoint inhibitors, which were considered the fourth treatment mode following traditional therapy. At present, immunotherapy has been approved for clinical use, mainly including programmed death receptor 1 (PD-1) inhibitors and CAR-T cell therapy, both of which have achieved excellent results in some advanced stage malignant tumors (3)(4)(5)(6). However, the efficacy of PD-1 inhibitor was limited in some patients with cancer (7), and the efficacy needs to be further improved.…”

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confidence: 99%

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New insights into the role of macrophages in cancer immunotherapy

Zhou,

Zhao,

Zhang

et al. 2024

Front. Immunol.

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Macrophages are the main component of the tumor microenvironment, which are differentiated from monocytes in the blood and play an important role in cancer development. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) can promote tumor growth, invasion, metastasis, and resistance to anti–programmed death receptor 1 therapy by regulating programmed cell death ligand 1 expression and interacting with other immune cells in the tumor microenvironment. However, when activated properly, macrophages can also play an anti-tumor role by enhancing the phagocytosis and cytotoxicity of tumor cells. TAM is associated with poor prognosis and drug resistance in patients treated with immunotherapy, indicating that macrophages are attractive targets for combined therapy in cancer treatment. Combination of targeting TAMs and immunotherapy overcomes the drug resistance and achieved excellent results in some cancers, which may be a promising strategy for cancer treatment in the future. Herein, we review the recent findings on the role of macrophages in tumor development, metastasis, and immunotherapy. We focus mainly on macrophage≥centered therapy, including strategies to deplete and reprogram TAMs, which represent the potential targets for improving tumor immunotherapy efficacy.

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Section: Macrophages and Anti–pd-1/pd-l1 Immunotherapymentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

New insights into the role of macrophages in cancer immunotherapy

Zhou,

Zhao,

Zhang

et al. 2024

Front. Immunol.

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EBV‐positive diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma, not otherwise specified: 2024 update on the diagnosis, risk‐stratification, and management

Malpica,

Marques‐Piubelli,

Beltran

et al. 2024

American J Hematol

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Disease overviewEpstein Barr virus‐positive (EBV+) diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma (DLBCL), not otherwise specified (NOS) is an aggressive B‐cell lymphoma associated with EBV infection included in the WHO classification of lymphoid neoplasms since 2016. Although historically associated to poor prognosis, outcomes seem to have improved in the era of chemoimmunotherapy.DiagnosisThe diagnosis is established through meticulous pathological evaluation. Detection of EBV‐encoded RNA (EBER) is the standard diagnostic method. The ICC 2022 specifies EBV+ DLBCL, NOS as occurring when >80% of malignant cells express EBER, whereas the WHO‐HAEM5 emphasizes that the majority of tumor cells should be EBER positive without setting a defined threshold. The differential diagnosis includes plasmablastic lymphoma, DLBCL associated with chronic inflammation, primary effusion lymphoma, among others.Risk‐stratificationThe International Prognostic Index (IPI) and the Oyama score can be used for risk‐stratification. The Oyama score includes age >70 years and presence of B symptoms. The expression of CD30 and PD‐1/PD‐L1 are emerging as potential adverse but targetable biomarkers.ManagementPatients with EBV+ DLBCL, NOS, should be staged and managed following similar guidelines than patients with EBV‐negative DLBCL. EBV+ DLBCL, NOS, however, might have a worse prognosis than EBV‐negative DLBCL in the era of chemoimmunotherapy. Therefore, inclusion of patients in clinical trials when available is recommended. There is an opportunity to study and develop targeted therapy in the management of patients with EBV+ DLBCL, NOS.

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Recent advances in CD5+ diffuse large B-cell lymphoma

Yue,

Jin,

et al. 2024

Ann Hematol

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The biology and treatment of Epstein-Barr virus-positive diffuse large B cell lymphoma, NOS

Cited by 3 publications

References 65 publications

New insights into the role of macrophages in cancer immunotherapy

New insights into the role of macrophages in cancer immunotherapy

EBV‐positive diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma, not otherwise specified: 2024 update on the diagnosis, risk‐stratification, and management

Recent advances in CD5+ diffuse large B-cell lymphoma

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