The Biological System of the Elements

Markert, Bernd; Fränzle, Stefan; Wünschmann, Simone

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-14355-2_2

Cited by 13 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 142 publications

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“…It also was demonstrated that a group of elements may have crustal origin in areas of upland and highland (Agnan et al 2014 ; Aničić et al 2007 ), which is confirmed in this research by the convariability method described below. The values in this study were compared with the reference values from Markert et al ( 2014 ). P. schreberi from both groups of parks were characterised by higher levels of Al, Ce, Cr, and Fe (Table 2 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Moss Biomonitoring Method and Neutron Activation Analysis in Assessing Pollution by Trace Elements in Selected Polish National Parks

Kosior

Frontasyeva

Ziembik

et al. 2020

Arch Environ Contam Toxicol

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The concentrations of trace elements in feather moss Pleurozium schreberi (Brid.) Mitt. were used to indicate the relative levels of air pollution by trace elements in Polish national parks. Pleurozium schreberi was collected from nine national parks. The highest concentrations were recorded in the moss samples from the southern and most industrialised part of the country; the lowest from northern and north-eastern Poland. A comparison of data obtained from Polish national parks in the 1970s and 1990s showed a significant decrease in the concentrations of heavy metals. In the linear covariability estimation, the t quantile approach was used for multi-element comparison. A number of positive covariabilities were observed. This is a result of anthropogenic activity and the geochemical characteristics of the local environment, including crust composition to which soil composition is related. The statistical approach of t quantile to study common relationships between element concentrations can be used in the interpretation of biomonitoring research results in similar studies.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… Comparison of the element concentrations in mosses collected from lowland parks with mosses from mountain parks was done using the Wilcox test (results statistically significant in bold p < 0.05—probability level). 1 —(Markert et al 2014 2,3 ; Grodzińska et al 1999 ) …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Moss Biomonitoring Method and Neutron Activation Analysis in Assessing Pollution by Trace Elements in Selected Polish National Parks

Kosior

Frontasyeva

Ziembik

et al. 2020

Arch Environ Contam Toxicol

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“…When speaking about the diversity and complexity of organic molecules, one simultaneously asks for the origin and temporal evolution of these complex organic species [ 22 ]. The term chemical evolution is ambiguously discussed nowadays [ 23 ]. Originally, Calvin introduced this term to describe “the conversion of simple organic or inorganic molecules to assembled, complex, partly polymeric chemical compounds, which eventually became capable of reproduction including mutation and metabolism” [ 23 , 24 ].…”

Section: Astrochemistry and Meteoriticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The term chemical evolution is ambiguously discussed nowadays [ 23 ]. Originally, Calvin introduced this term to describe “the conversion of simple organic or inorganic molecules to assembled, complex, partly polymeric chemical compounds, which eventually became capable of reproduction including mutation and metabolism” [ 23 , 24 ]. Nevertheless, the term is also interpreted and used to denote processes of astrophysical synthesis of small molecules [ 25 ].…”

Section: Astrochemistry and Meteoriticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Data-Driven Astrochemistry: One Step Further within the Origin of Life Puzzle

Ruf

d’Hendecourt

Schmitt‐Kopplin

2018

Life

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Astrochemistry, meteoritics and chemical analytics represent a manifold scientific field, including various disciplines. In this review, clarifications on astrochemistry, comet chemistry, laboratory astrophysics and meteoritic research with respect to organic and metalorganic chemistry will be given. The seemingly large number of observed astrochemical molecules necessarily requires explanations on molecular complexity and chemical evolution, which will be discussed. Special emphasis should be placed on data-driven analytical methods including ultrahigh-resolving instruments and their interplay with quantum chemical computations. These methods enable remarkable insights into the complex chemical spaces that exist in meteorites and maximize the level of information on the huge astrochemical molecular diversity. In addition, they allow one to study even yet undescribed chemistry as the one involving organomagnesium compounds in meteorites. Both targeted and non-targeted analytical strategies will be explained and may touch upon epistemological problems. In addition, implications of (metal)organic matter toward prebiotic chemistry leading to the emergence of life will be discussed. The precise description of astrochemical organic and metalorganic matter as seeds for life and their interactions within various astrophysical environments may appear essential to further study questions regarding the emergence of life on a most fundamental level that is within the molecular world and its self-organization properties.

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“…Fossilized microorganisms found in hydrothermal vents could have appeared on Earth around 4.3 bya (billion years ago), after the formation of oceans (~4.4 bya) and Earth (4.5 bya) [ 1 , 2 ]. Based on chemical evolution [ 3 , 4 , 5 ], life evolved on Earth without spontaneous generations, i.e., only those reactions could have taken place that was favorable under given conditions. One of the first abiotic chemical steps included the formose reaction catalyzed by organic bases (e.g., diethylaminoethanol) [ 6 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prebiotic Pathway from Ribose to RNA Formation

Bánfalvi¹

2021

IJMS

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At the focus of abiotic chemical reactions is the synthesis of ribose. No satisfactory explanation was provided as to the missing link between the prebiotic synthesis of ribose and prebiotic RNA (preRNA). Hydrogen cyanide (HCN) is assumed to have been the principal precursor in the prebiotic formation of aldopentoses in the formose reaction and in the synthesis of ribose. Ribose as the best fitting aldopentose became the exclusive sugar component of RNA. The elevated yield of ribose synthesis at higher temperatures and its protection from decomposition could have driven the polymerization of the ribose-phosphate backbone and the coupling of nucleobases to the backbone. RNA could have come into being without the involvement of nucleotide precursors. The first nucleoside monophosphate is likely to have appeared upon the hydrolysis of preRNA contributed by the presence of reactive 2′-OH moieties in the preRNA chain. As a result of phosphorylation, nucleoside monophosphates became nucleoside triphosphates, substrates for the selective synthesis of genRNA.

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The Biological System of the Elements

Cited by 13 publications

References 142 publications

The Moss Biomonitoring Method and Neutron Activation Analysis in Assessing Pollution by Trace Elements in Selected Polish National Parks

The Moss Biomonitoring Method and Neutron Activation Analysis in Assessing Pollution by Trace Elements in Selected Polish National Parks

Data-Driven Astrochemistry: One Step Further within the Origin of Life Puzzle

Prebiotic Pathway from Ribose to RNA Formation

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