The biological functions and metabolic pathways of valine in swine

Abstract

Valine is an essential amino acid and a type of branched-chain amino acid. Due to the involvement of branched-chain amino acids in various metabolic pathways, there has been a surge of interests in valine nutrition and its role in animal physiology. In pigs, the interactions between valine and other branched-chain amino acids or aromatic amino acids are complex. In this review, we delve into the interaction mechanism, metabolic pathways, and biological functions of valine. Appropriate valine supplementation not only enhances growth and reproductive performances, but also modulates gut microbiota and immune functions. Based on past observations and interpretations, we provide recommended feed levels of valine for weaned piglets, growing pigs, gilts, lactating sows, barrows and entire males. The summarized valine nutrient requirements for pigs at different stages offer valuable insights for future research and practical applications in animal husbandry.

Valine induces inflammation and enhanced adipogenesis in lean mice by multi-omics analysis

“…As each member of BCAAs is found to play either a beneficial or detrimental role to host metabolism (15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22), in the current study, we aimed to examine the specific role of valine in metabolic health. Here, by a multi-Omics approach, we showed that valine can disturb the cecal microbiota and metabolite compositions, with Bacteroidetes decreased, but Proteobacteria and Helicobacter increased.…”

“…However, functional results on valine in humans and mice were largely obtained based on high-fat diet (HFD) feeding or obesity models. Without HFD intervention or in lean animals, valine is also demonstrated to be vital to growth, immunity, and reproduction ( 21 , 22 ). We previously discovered that valine affected the tissue structure and induced apoptosis in mouse testis ( 23 ).…”

“…The intestinal mucosal integrity is compromised by BCAAs, and the microbial composition is also disturbed by valine ( 31 ). However, the relationship between the specific detrimental effect of valine on metabolic health and the composition of gut microbiome and metabolites in lean mice remains unknown ( 21 ).…”

Analysis of Prognostic Factors and Establishment of a Nomogram to Predict Risk for COVID-19 Convalescent Patients Based on Metabolomic and Lipidomic

“…Its role in immune function and potential antiviral properties could be relevant in the context of COVID-19, especially in modulating the body's immune response to the virus(RahbarSaadat et al, 2021). As one of the branched-chain amino acids, valine is crucial for muscle metabolism, energy production, and immune function(Wang et al, 2023). In the context of COVID-19, its role in supporting immune function and potentially mitigating muscle wasting (which can be a complication in severe cases) could be important.…”