The biological effectiveness of X-ray radiation

Belousov, A. V.; Bliznyuk, U. A.; Borschegovskaya, P. Yu.; Osipov, A. S.

doi:10.3103/s0027134914020052

Cited by 9 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 17 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…X-ray spectra calculated by the Monte-Carlo method using a Geant4 toolkit [40] are shown in Figure 2B. A detailed description of the methodology for calculating X-ray spectra has been presented in Reference [41]. The number concentration of particles (i.e., [GNP]) was calculated by dividing C Au0 by the mass of one GNP that was estimated from the average diameter of GNPs and the density of bulk Au.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Radiosensitization by Gold Nanoparticles: Impact of the Size, Dose Rate, and Photon Energy

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Gold nanoparticles (GNPs) emerged as promising antitumor radiosensitizers. However, the complex dependence of GNPs radiosensitization on the irradiation conditions remains unclear. In the present study, we investigated the impacts of the dose rate and photon energy on damage of the pBR322 plasmid DNA exposed to X-rays in the presence of 12 nm, 15 nm, 21 nm, and 26 nm GNPs. The greatest radiosensitization was observed for 26 nm GNPs. The sensitizer enhancement ratio (SER) 2.74 ± 0.61 was observed at 200 kVp with 2.4 mg/mL GNPs. Reduction of X-ray tube voltage to 150 and 100 kVp led to a smaller effect. We demonstrate for the first time that the change of the dose rate differentially influences on radiosensitization by GNPs of various sizes. For 12 nm, an increase in the dose rate from 0.2 to 2.1 Gy/min led to a ~1.13-fold increase in radiosensitization. No differences in the effect of 15 nm GNPs was found within the 0.85–2.1 Gy/min range. For 21 nm and 26 nm GNPs, an enhanced radiosensitization was observed along with the decreased dose rate from 2.1 to 0.2 Gy/min. Thus, GNPs are an effective tool for increasing the efficacy of orthovoltage X-ray exposure. However, careful selection of irradiation conditions is a key prerequisite for optimal radiosensitization efficacy.

show abstract

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…X-ray spectra calculated by the Monte-Carlo method using a Geant4 toolkit [40] are shown in Figure 2B. A detailed description of the methodology for calculating X-ray spectra has been presented in Reference [41]. DNA samples were centrifuged (11,000 rpm, 15 min) immediately after irradiation to remove GNPs.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Radiosensitization by Gold Nanoparticles: Impact of the Size, Dose Rate, and Photon Energy

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Rhythms production and the brain functions are prototypical illustrations drawn from biology [4,5], insect swarms and fish schools refer instead to ecological applications [6]. The degree of instinctive and unsupervised coordination which instigates the bottom-up cascade towards self-regulated patterns is however universal and, as such, has been invoked in many other fields [7][8][9][10][11][12][13], ranging from chemistry [14,15] to economy, and technology [16]. Instabilities triggered by random fluctuations are often patterns precursors.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Drift-induced Benjamin-Feir instabilities

Patti¹,

Fanelli²,

Carletti³

2016

EPL

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A modified version of the Ginzburg-Landau equation is introduced which accounts for asymmetric couplings between neighbors sites on a one-dimensional lattice, with periodic boundary conditions. The drift term which reflects the imposed microscopic asymmetry seeds a generalized class of instabilities, reminiscent of the Benjamin-Feir type. The uniformly synchronized solution is spontaneously destabilized outside the region of parameters classically associated to the Benjamin-Feir instability, upon injection of a non homogeneous perturbation. The ensuing patterns can be of the traveling wave type or display a patchy, colorful mosaic for the modulus of the complex oscillators amplitude.PACS numbers: 05.45. Xt, 82.40.Ck, 89.75.Kd The spontaneous ability of spatially extended systems to self-organize in space and time is proverbial and has been raised to paradigm in modern science [1,2]. Collective behaviors are widespread in nature and mirror, at the macroscopic level, the microscopic interactions at play among elementary constituents. Convection instabilities in fluid dynamics, weak turbulences and defects are representative examples that emblematize the remarkable capacity of assorted physical systems to yield coherent dynamics [3]. Rhythms production and the brain functions are prototypical illustrations drawn from biology [4,5], insect swarms and fish schools refer instead to ecological applications [6]. The degree of instinctive and unsupervised coordination which instigates the bottom-up cascade towards self-regulated patterns is however universal and, as such, has been invoked in many other fields [7][8][9][10], ranging from chemistry [11,12] to economy, via technology [13]. Instabilities triggered by random fluctuations are often patterns precursors. The imposed perturbation shakes e.g. an homogeneous equilibrium, seeding a resonant amplification mechanism that eventually materializes in magnificent patchy motifs, characterized by a vast gallery of shapes and geometries. Exploring possible routes to pattern formation, and unraveling novel avenues to symmetry breaking instability, is hence a challenge of both fundamental and applied importance.In the so-called modulational instability deviations from a periodic waveform are reinforced by nonlinearity, leading to spectral-sidebands and the breakup of the waveform into a train of pulses [14,15]. The phenomenon was first conceptualized for periodic surface gravity waves (Stokes waves) on deep water by Benjamin and Feir, in 1967 [16], and for this reason is customarily referred to as the Benjamin-Feir (BF) instability. The BF instability has been later on discussed [17,18] in the context of the Complex Ginzburg Landau equation (CGLE), a quintessential model for non linear physics, whose applications range from superconductivity, superfluidity and Bose-Einstein condensation to liquid crystals and strings in field theory [19]. In this Letter, we will revisit the BF instability in the framework of the CGLE, modified with the inclusion of a drift term. This latte...

show abstract

“…Commonly, the responsive gels change formation because of external stimuli, but Yoshida et al [2,12] found a kind of self-oscillating gel, Belousov-Zhabotinsky (BZ) gel [13,14], which is a typical branch of smart materials with large periodic deformations of shrinking/ de-swelling and swelling. Different from the responsive gels, BZ gel exhibits periodic volume changes pontaneously, which resembles the heartbeat of living animals and has attracted many research attentions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analytical and numerical computation of self-oscillating gels driven by the Belousov-Zhabotinsky reaction

Chi

2024

Phys. Scr.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Self-oscillating gel is a class of deformable polymers driven by Belousov-Zhabotinsky (BZ) reactions, which can form periodic deformations without any external stimuli, and are widely used in the research of biomimetic creeping robots. However, quantitative analysis on the self-oscillating gel from perspective of energy conservation is still limited. This work adopts frequency domain analysis to the chemo-mechanical model, and the basic frequency is obtained to evaluate the maintenance energy of the BZ gel. For accurate computation, boundary value problem with unknown period is formulated. Then, continuation algorithm based on perturbation technique is performed to obtain the oscillating trajectories for varying model parameters. The results could be implemented to design self-oscillating gels with prescribed periodicity.

show abstract

The biological effectiveness of X-ray radiation

Cited by 9 publications

References 17 publications

Radiosensitization by Gold Nanoparticles: Impact of the Size, Dose Rate, and Photon Energy

Radiosensitization by Gold Nanoparticles: Impact of the Size, Dose Rate, and Photon Energy

Drift-induced Benjamin-Feir instabilities

Analytical and numerical computation of self-oscillating gels driven by the Belousov-Zhabotinsky reaction

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About