The biological effect of natural bone mineral on bone neoformation on the rabbit skull

Abstract

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of deproteinized bovine bone graft material on new bone formation in a guided bone regeneration model system. In 20 rabbits, a periosteal skin flap was raised uncovering the calvaria. A form stable hemispherical dome made of poly-lactic acid (PLA) was placed onto the roughened calvaria. Prior to placement, the dome was either filled with peripheral blood alone (control group, 8 rabbits), or with blood and OsteoGraf/N-300 (test group, 12 rabbits). The wound was closed for primary healing. Morphometric assessment of 1- and 2-month undecalcified histologic specimens revealed better tissue fill in the test domes at 1 month (test 99%, control 55%) (P < 0.05) and 2 months (t, 100%; c, 82%). The fraction of the new bone within the regenerated tissue was higher in the test specimens at 1 month (t, 22%; c, 12%) (P < 0.05) and 2 months (t, 34%; c, 24%). The fraction of the entire space underneath the domes occupied by bone was higher in the test at 1 month, but higher in the controls at 2 months. The fraction of the bone substitute material in contact with bone increased from 1 month (34% +/- 14) to 2 months (45% +/- 5). The surface fraction of osteoblast layers was tendentially higher in the test at 1 month but higher in the control specimens at 2 months. In both test and control, initially woven bone was formed which underwent subsequent remodeling. Cellular degradation of the deproteinized bone graft was frequently detected. It is concluded that deproteinized bovine bone mineral has osteoconductive properties and can initially accelerate new bone formation during guided bone regeneration by increased recruitment of osteoblasts.

The Effect of Autologous Platelet-Rich Plasma on Bone Regeneration by Autologous Mesenchymal Stem Cells Loaded onto Allogeneic Cancellous Bone Granules

“…Few studies have assessed weightbearing long-bone defects [Kasten et al, 2008], and the defect size and location differ among the studies Shafiei-Sarvestani et al, 2012;El Backly et al, 2013]. In addition, various materials such as coral species [Guillemin et al, 1987;Parizi et al, 2012], deproteinized bovine bone material [Hämmerle et al, 1997], nanohydroxyapatite/poly(ester urethane) [El Backly et al, 2013], and β-tricalcium phosphate [Li et al, 2004] have been used as bone regeneration scaffolds. MSC were used in a few preclinical studies on the effect of PRP on bone regeneration [Yamada et al, 2004;Kasten et al, 2008;El Backly et al, 2013;Lin et al, 2013].…”

Influence of a novel calcium-phosphate coating on the mechanical properties of highly porous collagen scaffolds for bone repair

“…In particular CP has an excellent biocompatibility due to its chemical and crystal resemblance to bone mineral and it has been shown to bind directly to bone (Hammerle et al 1997, Jarcho et al 1977). However, HA shows a much slower biodegradability compared to CP (Rezwan et al 2006) and the rigidity, brittleness and poor resorbability of pure ceramics have limited their use in this area (Karageorgiou et al 2005, Russias et al 2007.…”

Bioceramics for Tissue Engineering Applications – A Review

“…Since they are protein free, minimal immunologic or foreign body reactions have been reported with their use and these materials can be processed to avoid systemic toxicity. Although these inorganic ceramics are not osteoinductive, they are osteoconductive in addition to their remarkable ability to bind directly to bone [41,43] .…”